A mandioquinha-salsa (Arracacia xanthorriza Bancroft.) é uma raiz tuberosa que apresenta um curto período de conservação pós-colheita, de 3 a 5 dias, devido a uma fitopatologia conhecida como apodrecimento-mole ou mela, causada por bactérias do gênero Erwinia. Essas bactérias liberam enzimas que degradam a pectina da parede celular, fazendo com que o tecido perca a sua rigidez característica. Atualmente, vários métodos de conservação têm sido estudados na tentativa de prolongar a conservação pós-colheita, porém, a combinação de processos parece ser a melhor alternativa. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a interação entre processos de conservação (refrigeração, embalagem a vácuo e irradiação) para estender o período pós-colheita das raízes. Foram estudadas a combinação de duas temperaturas (25°C e 4°C), duas embalagens (caixas e vácuo) e três doses de irradiação gama obtendo um total de 16 grupos. Estes foram analisados diariamente, por um período de 30 dias, utilizando parâmetros de textura (energia de penetração), microbiologia e atividade de enzimas pectinolíticas (pectato liase, poligalacturonase e pectinesterase). A exposição às doses de 2 e 3kGy, com as amostras conservadas a 4°C a vácuo, prolongaram o período de conservação de 5 para 28 dias, ocorrendo uma diminuição da população microbiana, porém havendo uma diminuição da rigidez das raízes (p<0,05). Os tratamentos afetaram o perfil de atividade das enzimas pectinolíticas, porém a grande dispersão dos resultados e o pequeno número de raízes analisadas por dia, além da complexidade dos fatores que afetam a atividade das enzimas e as múltiplas origens possíveis - endógenas, bacterianas ou fungicidas - limitam a discussão mais aprofundada dos resultados. / Peruvian carrot (Arracacia xanthorriza Bancroft.) is a tuber root that presents a short post-harvest period of conservation, 3 to 5 days, due to a phytopathology known as soft rot or \"mela\", caused by bacteria of the genus Erwinia. This bacteria release enzymes that decay the cellular wall, causing the lost of the characteristic rigidity. At present, many conservation methods have been studied in the attempt of prolonging the post harvest conservation, but the combination of processes seems to be the best alternative. The aim of this work was to study the interaction between the conservation processes (refrigeration, vacuum packaging and irradiation) to extend the post-harvest period of the roots. It was studied the combination of two temperatures (25°C e 4°C), with two packages (boxes and vacuum) and three gamma irradiation doses (1, 2 e 3kGy), obtaining a total of 16 sample groups. The samples were daily analized, for a 30 day period, using texture parameters (penetration energy), microbiology and pectinolitic enzymes activities (pectate lyase, polygalactunoronase and pectin methyl esterase). The samples irradiated in doses of 2 and 3kGy, vacuum packed and conserved at 4°C extend the post-harvest period of 5 to 28 days, with a decrease of the microbiologic population, but with decreased in the rigidity of the roots (p<0.05). The treatments affected the pectinolitic enzymes profile, however the amplitude of the results and the low number of analysed samples per day, besides the complexity of factors affecting the enzyme activity and the multiple possible sources(endogenous, bacterial or fungous), limits the carefully discussion of the results.

Por ser a cultura anual de maior importância econômica no Brasil e apresentar custo elevado de produção, novas alternativas vêm sendo adotadas para diminuir os custos e obter batata-semente de boa qualidade. Com o objetivo de determinar os parâmetros de crescimento e a marcha de absorção de nutrientes a partir de plântulas do cv. Atlantic, para a produção de minitubérculos em sistema hidropônico, realizou-se esse trabalho no período de setembro a novembro de 2004 em Vargem Grande do Sul - SP, localizada na altitude 21°47’28"S e na longitude 046°53’04"W com 938 m de altitude. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições. As plantas foram avaliadas e coletadas em intervalos semanais do início do desenvolvimento até a fase da colheita aos 53 dias após transplantio (DAT). As plantas coletadas foram separadas em sistema radicular, parte aérea e minitubérculos, secadas em estufa e pesadas em balança analítica para obtenção de peso do material seco. Após secagem foram moídas em moinho e submetidas à análise para obtenção da extração de nutrientes para os tratamentos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o acúmulo dos nutrientes é influenciado pelas fases da cultura e peso do material seco total das plantas. A seqüência do acúmulo máximo dos macronutrientes para os tratamentos foi: K > N > Ca > P > Mg > S e para os micronutrientes foi: Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Cu. A seqüência de exportação dos macronuteintes foi: K > N > P > S > Mg > Ca e para os micronutrientes foi: Fe > Zn > Cu > B > Mn. O sistema hidropônico permitiu disponibilizar os nutrientes mais prontamente assimiláveis pelas plantas e conseqüentemente maiores taxas de multiplicação. / As potato is the most important economic annual staple crop in Brazil and its production involves high costs, new alternatives are being adopted to decrease costs and obtain high quality potato seed. This study aimed at determining the growth parameters and the uptake rate by seedling from cv. Atlantic to be used for minituber production in a hydroponic system. It was carried out from setember to november 2004 in Vargem Grande do Sul - SP, located in latitude 21°47’28"S and longitude 046°53’04"W at altitude 938 m. The experimental design was randomized blocks with seven treatments and four replications. The plants were collected and evaluated at weekly intervals from the initial development phase throughout harvesting phase, 53 days after transplanting (DAT). The plants were separated into root system, aerial part and minituber, dried in oven and weighed on an analytical scale in order to obtain the dry mass weight. After drying, the plants were grounded in a mill and submitted to analysis in order to obtain the nutrient extraction for each treatment. The results showed that the nutrient accumulation is influenced by the phase of the crop and the total dry mass weight of plants. The sequence of maximum macronutrient accumulation for the treatments was: K > N > Ca > P > Mg > S, and for the micronutrient it was: Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Cu. The sequence of macronutrient exportation was: K > N > P > S > Mg > Ca, and for the micronutrients it was: Fe > Zn > Cu > B > Mn. The hydroponic system allowed to make the nutrients more readly available to the plants, and, as a consequence, higher rates of multiplcation were observed.

Por ser a cultura anual de maior importância econômica no Brasil e apresentar custo elevado de produção, novas alternativas vêm sendo adotadas para diminuir os custos e obter batata-semente de boa qualidade. Com o objetivo de determinar os parâmetros de crescimento e a marcha de absorção de nutrientes a partir de plântulas do cv. Atlantic, para a produção de minitubérculos em sistema hidropônico, realizou-se esse trabalho no período de setembro a novembro de 2004 em Vargem Grande do Sul – SP, localizada na altitude 21°47’28”S e na longitude 046°53’04”W com 938 m de altitude. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições. As plantas foram avaliadas e coletadas em intervalos semanais do início do desenvolvimento até a fase da colheita aos 53 dias após transplantio (DAT). As plantas coletadas foram separadas em sistema radicular, parte aérea e minitubérculos, secadas em estufa e pesadas em balança analítica para obtenção de peso do material seco. Após secagem foram moídas em moinho e submetidas à análise para obtenção da extração de nutrientes para os tratamentos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o acúmulo dos nutrientes é influenciado pelas fases da cultura e peso do material seco total das plantas. A seqüência do acúmulo máximo dos macronutrientes para os tratamentos foi: K > N > Ca > P > Mg > S e para os micronutrientes foi: Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Cu. A seqüência de exportação dos macronuteintes foi: K > N > P > S > Mg > Ca e para os micronutrientes foi: Fe > Zn > Cu > B > Mn. O sistema hidropônico permitiu disponibilizar os nutrientes mais prontamente assimiláveis pelas plantas e conseqüentemente maiores taxas de multiplicação. / As potato is the most important economic annual staple crop in Brazil and its production involves high costs, new alternatives are being adopted to decrease costs and obtain high quality potato seed. This study aimed at determining the growth parameters and the uptake rate by seedling from cv. Atlantic to be used for minituber production in a hydroponic system. It was carried out from setember to november 2004 in Vargem Grande do Sul – SP, located in latitude 21°47’28”S and longitude 046°53’04”W at altitude 938 m. The experimental design was randomized blocks with seven treatments and four replications. The plants were collected and evaluated at weekly intervals from the initial development phase throughout harvesting phase, 53 days after transplanting (DAT). The plants were separated into root system, aerial part and minituber, dried in oven and weighed on an analytical scale in order to obtain the dry mass weight. After drying, the plants were grounded in a mill and submitted to analysis in order to obtain the nutrient extraction for each treatment. The results showed that the nutrient accumulation is influenced by the phase of the crop and the total dry mass weight of plants. The sequence of maximum macronutrient accumulation for the treatments was: K > N > Ca > P > Mg > S, and for the micronutrient it was: Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Cu. The sequence of macronutrient exportation was: K > N > P > S > Mg > Ca, and for the micronutrients it was: Fe > Zn > Cu > B > Mn. The hydroponic system allowed to make the nutrients more readly available to the plants, and, as a consequence, higher rates of multiplcation were observed.

Les Dioscorea cultivées, dont la reproduction sexuée est aléatoire, sont multipliées essentiellement par voie végétative, ce qui entraîne la dissémination dagents pathogènes dans les plantations, provoquant une baisse de rendement et de qualité des récoltes. Dans ces conditions, les besoins en semences sont rarement comblés et les possibilités dextension de la culture restent limitées. En effet, devant une demande quantitative toujours croissante et qualitative de plus en plus restrictive, les techniques classiques encore employées aussi bien pour la multiplication que pour lamélioration de la production des végétaux sont relativement lentes. En revanche, les opportunités offertes par les cultures de tissus peuvent remédier efficacement aux insuffisances et offrir des améliorations irréalisables par les autres méthodes. La multiplication en alternance par bourgeonnement axillaire à partir de nuds pendant 28 semaines et par mise en germination des microtubercules découpés pendant 16 semaines peut remédier à cette situation. Plusieurs facteurs peuvent avoir un impact sur lefficacité de cette approche: la présence ou labsence de régulateurs de croissance, la teneur en saccharose ou en éléments minéraux du milieu de culture. Dans le cadre de cette étude, les tests réalisés ont montré une formation plus précoce du tubercule en présence de polyamines et dacide jasmonique. Si les teneurs en polyamines endogènes et leur métabolisme sont significativement affectés par les polyamines exogènes, les modifications des teneurs en polyamines endogènes, quant à elles, ne peuvent être directement corrélées avec la formation du tubercule. Un retard dans la formation des tubercules lors dune réduction de la teneur en sucre du milieu de culture a aussi été constaté. Ce retard dans nest pas lié à une réduction de losmolarité du milieu de culture, comme nous avons pu le montrer en remplaçant partiellement le saccharose par du sorbitol. La putrescine et ses précurseurs larginine et lornithine favorisent aussi le développement des tubercules, ceux- ci sont plus longs et plus lourds lorsque ces composés sont ajoutés au milieu de culture à faible concentration. Une augmentation de la teneur endogène en putrescine et en auxine a été observée dans ces conditions. Laddition dacide jasmonique a un effet similaire. Une réduction du développement des tubercules est, par contre, observée en présence dune teneur en saccharose réduite. La réduction de la teneur en sucre dans le milieu de tubérisation a aussi un effet négatif sur la germination ultérieure des microtubercules. Pour pouvoir utiliser les microtubercules comme semences, il faut être assuré dun taux de germination élevé et dun stockage possible. Les microtubercules récoltés après 9 mois de culture et transférés sur un nouveau milieu sans régulateur de croissance germent très rapidement. Aucune dormance nest observée. Les microtubercules peuvent aussi être stockés pendant au moins 18 semaines. Les meilleures conditions pour une germination élevée sont une conservation à lobscurité, sous ± 50% dhumidité relative et à 25°C. Une période de dormance secondaire sinstalle une fois le stockage en cours qui varie entre 20 et 28 semaines respectivement pour les microtubercules les plus rapides et les plus lents. Seuls les tubercules de taille supérieure à 350 mm devront être utilisés pour la germination in vitro ou ex vitro.

Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary is a devastating pathogen in potato producing regions around the world. Populations of the organism in Canada shifted during the mid-1990’s as the US-1 strain (A1, metalaxyl-sensitive) was displaced by the highly aggressive, US-8 strain (A2, metalaxyl-insensitive). An increase in the incidence and severity of late blight has followed. Late blight is controlled by cultural practices aimed at eliminating disease sources and by the application of foliar fungicides. Tubers can become infected at harvest from contact with blighted vines leading to severe losses in storage. In many production areas, growers desiccate vines two to three weeks prior to harvest to reduce late blight tuber rot. However, in Manitoba, because of the loss of potential yield that results from vine killing prior to harvest in a late maturing cultivar such as Russet Burbank, growers are reluctant to adopt this practice. The objective of this study was to develop recommendations for preharvest management practices that reduce storage losses due to late blight. Field trials were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to investigate the effect of vine desiccation with diquat and/or a late season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide on yield, processing quality, and disease development in storage. Desiccating vines with diquat two weeks prior to harvest reduced yield and tuber size. Compared to the untreated control, the largest reductions in marketable yield were observed for the early September harvest. By the late September harvest, however, the effect of vine killing in reducing marketable yield was less apparent. Specific gravity was lower in the vine killed treatment for all harvest dates in 1997 and in the early and mid September harvests in 1998. Vine killing did not contribute to elevated levels of reducing sugars or consistently darker fry colour at harvest or during storage. Skin-set was improved when vines were desiccated for all harvest dates in 1997 and at the early September harvest date in 1998. Vine killing reduced tuber rot in storage caused by Fusarium dry rot and Pythium leak for the early and mid September harvest dates in 1997. The incidence of late blight tuber rot was reduced in storage for the early September harvest in 1998 when vines were desiccated. The late-season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide did not reduce tuber rot in storage in storage either year. Results from this study indicate that vine killing two weeks before an early to mid- September harvest is not recommended in Manitoba because of reductions in yield and specific gravity. Alternative management practices to reduce late blight tuber rot in storage should be investigated. / February 2005

Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary is a devastating pathogen in potato producing regions around the world. Populations of the organism in Canada shifted during the mid-1990’s as the US-1 strain (A1, metalaxyl-sensitive) was displaced by the highly aggressive, US-8 strain (A2, metalaxyl-insensitive). An increase in the incidence and severity of late blight has followed. Late blight is controlled by cultural practices aimed at eliminating disease sources and by the application of foliar fungicides. Tubers can become infected at harvest from contact with blighted vines leading to severe losses in storage. In many production areas, growers desiccate vines two to three weeks prior to harvest to reduce late blight tuber rot. However, in Manitoba, because of the loss of potential yield that results from vine killing prior to harvest in a late maturing cultivar such as Russet Burbank, growers are reluctant to adopt this practice. The objective of this study was to develop recommendations for preharvest management practices that reduce storage losses due to late blight. Field trials were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to investigate the effect of vine desiccation with diquat and/or a late season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide on yield, processing quality, and disease development in storage. Desiccating vines with diquat two weeks prior to harvest reduced yield and tuber size. Compared to the untreated control, the largest reductions in marketable yield were observed for the early September harvest. By the late September harvest, however, the effect of vine killing in reducing marketable yield was less apparent. Specific gravity was lower in the vine killed treatment for all harvest dates in 1997 and in the early and mid September harvests in 1998. Vine killing did not contribute to elevated levels of reducing sugars or consistently darker fry colour at harvest or during storage. Skin-set was improved when vines were desiccated for all harvest dates in 1997 and at the early September harvest date in 1998. Vine killing reduced tuber rot in storage caused by Fusarium dry rot and Pythium leak for the early and mid September harvest dates in 1997. The incidence of late blight tuber rot was reduced in storage for the early September harvest in 1998 when vines were desiccated. The late-season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide did not reduce tuber rot in storage in storage either year. Results from this study indicate that vine killing two weeks before an early to mid- September harvest is not recommended in Manitoba because of reductions in yield and specific gravity. Alternative management practices to reduce late blight tuber rot in storage should be investigated.

Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary is a devastating pathogen in potato producing regions around the world. Populations of the organism in Canada shifted during the mid-1990’s as the US-1 strain (A1, metalaxyl-sensitive) was displaced by the highly aggressive, US-8 strain (A2, metalaxyl-insensitive). An increase in the incidence and severity of late blight has followed. Late blight is controlled by cultural practices aimed at eliminating disease sources and by the application of foliar fungicides. Tubers can become infected at harvest from contact with blighted vines leading to severe losses in storage. In many production areas, growers desiccate vines two to three weeks prior to harvest to reduce late blight tuber rot. However, in Manitoba, because of the loss of potential yield that results from vine killing prior to harvest in a late maturing cultivar such as Russet Burbank, growers are reluctant to adopt this practice. The objective of this study was to develop recommendations for preharvest management practices that reduce storage losses due to late blight. Field trials were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to investigate the effect of vine desiccation with diquat and/or a late season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide on yield, processing quality, and disease development in storage. Desiccating vines with diquat two weeks prior to harvest reduced yield and tuber size. Compared to the untreated control, the largest reductions in marketable yield were observed for the early September harvest. By the late September harvest, however, the effect of vine killing in reducing marketable yield was less apparent. Specific gravity was lower in the vine killed treatment for all harvest dates in 1997 and in the early and mid September harvests in 1998. Vine killing did not contribute to elevated levels of reducing sugars or consistently darker fry colour at harvest or during storage. Skin-set was improved when vines were desiccated for all harvest dates in 1997 and at the early September harvest date in 1998. Vine killing reduced tuber rot in storage caused by Fusarium dry rot and Pythium leak for the early and mid September harvest dates in 1997. The incidence of late blight tuber rot was reduced in storage for the early September harvest in 1998 when vines were desiccated. The late-season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide did not reduce tuber rot in storage in storage either year. Results from this study indicate that vine killing two weeks before an early to mid- September harvest is not recommended in Manitoba because of reductions in yield and specific gravity. Alternative management practices to reduce late blight tuber rot in storage should be investigated.

The main aim of this thesis was to evaluate the manifestation of certified seed and farm seed in selected varieties of potatoes. The experiment started in 2015 on the estate of Agricultural faculty of the University of South Bohemia. Four varieties (Magda, Adéla, Laura, Satina) with different vegetation period were planted. The certified seed was used in step A and the farm seed was divided according to size and it was tested for the presence of virus diseases. It was established 32 plots. The harvest of testing plots was on 29th September 2015. Each plot was harvested into the separate bag. Then the size sorting was done and individual tubers were counted. Based on measured values were determined the tuber yield, the yield of table potatoes, the content of the starch and the average weight per tuber. It was also observed the number of emerged plants of each variety and the number of stems per plant. The obtained results show that the use of farm seeds in the first year doesn´t have to mean an immediate decline in yield but varieties Magda, Adéla and Satine even increased their average yield about 9 t/ha. Only the yield of variety Laura was higher in certified seed by 4 t/ha. It wasn´t proved the impact of the chosen seed to the content of starch.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-02-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:22:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mucoucah_mfs_dr_botfca.pdf: 847058 bytes, checksum: b7d3981d242b8be0200b777f5d74745d (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Foi estudada a influência de cinco profundidades de lençol freático no desenvolvimento de bulbos de calla (Zantedeschia sp). As características avaliadas foram: área foliar, número de folhas, número de flores, altura da haste floral, ciclo da cultura, ganho de massa verde do bulbo, evapotranspiração da cultura e eficiência do uso da água. As callas foram cultivadas em estufa de vidro com 50% de redução na radiação interna, plantadas em vasos construídos de tubos de pvc de diâmetro nominal de 150 mm preenchidos com substrato, os bulbos utilizados apresentavam massa verde inicial variando de 10 a 12 g. Os vasos foram colocados em bandejas, com capacidade para seis vasos, as mesmas apresentavam um sistema automático para o abastecimento de água por um reservatório conectado diretamente às bandejas com uma bóia para manutenção do nível do lençol freático constante. As profundidades dos lençóis freáticos foram: 10, 17, 24, 31 e 38 cm. As características referentes ao desenvolvimento da planta foram verificadas ao longo do ciclo, por meio de nove avaliações efetuadas durante o cultivo. A evapotranspiração foi medida diariamente e computada semanalmente e ao término do ciclo. O ganho de massa verde dos bulbos foi avaliado ao final do ciclo de cultivo pela relação entre a massa verde inicial e a massa verde final. A eficiência do uso da água foi checada com base na evapotranspiração da cultura (L.planta-1) e na massa verde final do bulbo (g). Os resultados referentes à área foliar foram variáveis de 1.011,6 a 2.016,3 cm2. O número de folhas emitidas variou de 7,5 a 13,8 folhas por bulbo. Ao longo de todo o ciclo de cultivo o número médio de flores emitidas foi de 0,8 a 1,2 flores por bulbo. Os bulbos apresentaram um aumento variável de 21,7 a 11,7 vezes em relação ao tamanho inicial, ou seja, o ganho de massa verde ao final do cultivo foi na ordem de 2.173 a 1.170%. / The objective was to determine the influence of 5 different table water levels in the crop development of Calla. The parameter evaluated were leaf area, number of leaves, number of flowers, flowers height, growth cycle, tuber increment rate, evapotranspiration of the culture and efficiency in water use. The study was conducted in glass greenhouse with 50% percent of sunlight reduction. The plants were grown in PVC pots with diameter of 150 mm, which were filled with substrate. The plant tubers weigthed from 10 g to 12 g. The pots were placed within containers, at a rate of six per container, where the water replacement was authomatically determined by a buoy, which kept the water level constant. The table water levels used were 10, 17, 24, 31 and 38 cm. The crop development parameters were checked in nine evaluations during the growth cycle. Evapotranspiration was evaluated weekly and at the end of the cycle. The increment in tuber weigth was determined from the initial and final fresh weight. The water use efficiency was determined from the culture evapotranspiration (mm) and from the final fresh weigth (g). The results show that leaf area varied between 1,011.6 and 2,016.3 cm2. The number of leaves varied from 7.5 and 13.8 leaves per tuber. The number of flowers produced per tuber throughout their whole life cycle was 0.8 and 1.2. The plant tubers presented a size increment which ranged from 21.7 times to 11.7 times their initial size, which represented an increment of fresh weigth at the end of the culture of 2,173% and 1,170%. The evapotranspiration of the whole culture was 46.14 L/planta and 26.89 L/planta. The efficiency in water use varied between 4.5 g/L and 6.9 g/L. The data set was submitted to the F and Tukey statistical tests, to allow for comparisons of average results. Was found statistical discrepancy in the growth cycle parameter, between 38 cm table water level, which life cycle was 281 days, and 10 and 24 cm table water levels.

Orientador: Antonio Evaldo Klar / Banca: João Carlos Cury Saad / Banca: Magali Ribeiro da Silva / Banca: Rubens Duarte Coelho / Banca: Tais Tostes Graziano / Resumo: Foi estudada a influência de cinco profundidades de lençol freático no desenvolvimento de bulbos de calla (Zantedeschia sp). As características avaliadas foram: área foliar, número de folhas, número de flores, altura da haste floral, ciclo da cultura, ganho de massa verde do bulbo, evapotranspiração da cultura e eficiência do uso da água. As callas foram cultivadas em estufa de vidro com 50% de redução na radiação interna, plantadas em vasos construídos de tubos de pvc de diâmetro nominal de 150 mm preenchidos com substrato, os bulbos utilizados apresentavam massa verde inicial variando de 10 a 12 g. Os vasos foram colocados em bandejas, com capacidade para seis vasos, as mesmas apresentavam um sistema automático para o abastecimento de água por um reservatório conectado diretamente às bandejas com uma bóia para manutenção do nível do lençol freático constante. As profundidades dos lençóis freáticos foram: 10, 17, 24, 31 e 38 cm. As características referentes ao desenvolvimento da planta foram verificadas ao longo do ciclo, por meio de nove avaliações efetuadas durante o cultivo. A evapotranspiração foi medida diariamente e computada semanalmente e ao término do ciclo. O ganho de massa verde dos bulbos foi avaliado ao final do ciclo de cultivo pela relação entre a massa verde inicial e a massa verde final. A eficiência do uso da água foi checada com base na evapotranspiração da cultura (L.planta-1) e na massa verde final do bulbo (g). Os resultados referentes à área foliar foram variáveis de 1.011,6 a 2.016,3 cm2. O número de folhas emitidas variou de 7,5 a 13,8 folhas por bulbo. Ao longo de todo o ciclo de cultivo o número médio de flores emitidas foi de 0,8 a 1,2 flores por bulbo. Os bulbos apresentaram um aumento variável de 21,7 a 11,7 vezes em relação ao tamanho inicial, ou seja, o ganho de massa verde ao final do cultivo foi na ordem de 2.173 a 1.170%. / Abstract: The objective was to determine the influence of 5 different table water levels in the crop development of Calla. The parameter evaluated were leaf area, number of leaves, number of flowers, flowers height, growth cycle, tuber increment rate, evapotranspiration of the culture and efficiency in water use. The study was conducted in glass greenhouse with 50% percent of sunlight reduction. The plants were grown in PVC pots with diameter of 150 mm, which were filled with substrate. The plant tubers weigthed from 10 g to 12 g. The pots were placed within containers, at a rate of six per container, where the water replacement was authomatically determined by a buoy, which kept the water level constant. The table water levels used were 10, 17, 24, 31 and 38 cm. The crop development parameters were checked in nine evaluations during the growth cycle. Evapotranspiration was evaluated weekly and at the end of the cycle. The increment in tuber weigth was determined from the initial and final fresh weight. The water use efficiency was determined from the culture evapotranspiration (mm) and from the final fresh weigth (g). The results show that leaf area varied between 1,011.6 and 2,016.3 cm2. The number of leaves varied from 7.5 and 13.8 leaves per tuber. The number of flowers produced per tuber throughout their whole life cycle was 0.8 and 1.2. The plant tubers presented a size increment which ranged from 21.7 times to 11.7 times their initial size, which represented an increment of fresh weigth at the end of the culture of 2,173% and 1,170%. The evapotranspiration of the whole culture was 46.14 L/planta and 26.89 L/planta. The efficiency in water use varied between 4.5 g/L and 6.9 g/L. The data set was submitted to the F and Tukey statistical tests, to allow for comparisons of average results. Was found statistical discrepancy in the growth cycle parameter, between 38 cm table water level, which life cycle was 281 days, and 10 and 24 cm table water levels. / Doutor