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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Aspectos morfoanat?micos e fisiol?gicos de plantas jovens de amburana (Amburana cearensis (Fr. All. A. C. Smith) e umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Com.)

Santos, Mayana Matos de Oliveira 24 September 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-01-26T22:23:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - MAYANA MATOS DE OLIVEIRA SANTOS.pdf: 6336990 bytes, checksum: 8a37abf8f9c86f7b5cc19e687200d6d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T22:23:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - MAYANA MATOS DE OLIVEIRA SANTOS.pdf: 6336990 bytes, checksum: 8a37abf8f9c86f7b5cc19e687200d6d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The objectives of this study were to understand the role of the root system of amburana (Amburana cearensis (Fr. All.) AC Smith) and umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.) In maintaining the initial growth and assimilates partition of seedlings, and determine its contribution to the survival of the species in water restriction situations. For this, studies have been conducted about the early development and dry matter partitioning patterns in the production of seedlings, as well as surveys of their gas exchange, morphological and anatomical aspects, quantification and nature of the compounds stored in the underground system and leaves of young plants submitted to water restriction. For the species under study, preferred drains are the tuberous roots, followed by branches, leaves and lateral roots. Initially, tuberous roots behave as a high activity drain, until it completes its formation. Plants of S. tuberosa showed higher average of the A. cearensis for most of the growth variables, with consequent growth and further development. The results showed interference in the initial plant growth caused by the formation of tuberous root, which is a storage organ. The root system of the species consists of tuberous roots and slender lateral roots. The cross-sections showed that the slender lateral roots have periderm, cortex, vascular cylinder and exchange, and fiber support in both species and secreting structures only in S. tuberous. The cylinder vascular species is polyarc, being endarch and hollow in A. cearensis with obvious pith, and exarco and solid in S. tuberosa. The tuberous roots of species present additional exchanges. The species have adapted to drought, as the opening and closing mechanism of the stomata, water storage mechanism and nutrients in your tuberous roots and osmotic adjustment mechanism. The introduction of young plants of A. cearensis and S. tuberosa can be recommended for restoration programs of degraded areas and forest management. / Os objetivos desse trabalho foram compreender a atua??o do sistema radicular da amburana (Amburana cearensis (Fr. All.) A. C. Smith) e do umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.) na manuten??o do crescimento inicial e parti??o de fotoassimilados das mudas, e determinar a sua contribui??o para a sobreviv?ncia das esp?cies em situa??es de restri??o h?drica. Para tanto, foram realizados estudos a cerca dos aspectos morfoanat?micos, do desenvolvimento inicial e padr?es de parti??o de massa seca na produ??o de mudas, assim como levantamentos sobre suas trocas gasosas e quantifica??o e natureza dos compostos armazenados no sistema subterr?neo e folhas de plantas jovens submetidas ? condi??es de restri??o h?drica. Para as esp?cies em estudo, os drenos preferenciais s?o as ra?zes tuberosas, seguidos de ramos, folhas e ra?zes laterais. Inicialmente, as ra?zes tuberosas se comportam como um dreno de alta atividade, at? que se conclua sua forma??o. As plantas de S. tuberosa apresentaram m?dias superiores as de A. cearensis para a maioria das vari?veis de crescimento estudadas, com consequente crescimento e desenvolvimento mais acelerado. Os resultados demonstraram a interfer?ncia no crescimento inicial das plantas causada pela forma??o da raiz tuberosa, sendo este um ?rg?o de reserva. O sistema radicular das esp?cies ? formado por ra?zes tuberosas e ra?zes laterais delgadas. Os cortes transversais demonstraram que as ra?zes laterais delgadas apresentam periderme, c?rtex, c?mbio e cilindro vascular, al?m de fibra de sustenta??o em ambas as esp?cies e estruturas secretoras apenas na S. tuberosa. O cilindro vascular das esp?cies ? poliarco, sendo endarco e oco na A. cearensis, com par?nquima medular evidente, e exarco e s?lido na S. tuberosa. As ra?zes tuberosas das esp?cies apresentam c?mbios adicionais. As esp?cies apresentam adapta??es ao d?ficit h?drico, como o mecanismo de abertura e fechamento dos est?matos, mecanismo de armazenamento de ?gua e nutrientes em seu sistema radicular tuberoso e mecanismo de ajustamento osm?tico. A introdu??o de plantas jovens de A. cearensis e S. tuberosa pode ser recomendada para programas de restaura??o de ?reas degradadas e manejo florestal.
2

Caracterização parcial das enzimas envolvidas no metabolismo de frutanos em raízes tuberosas de ichthyothere terminalis (spreng.) Blake / Partial characterization of the enzymes involved in fructan metabolism in tuberous roots of ichthyothere terminalis (spreng.) Blake

Silvestre, Juliana Macêdo 29 May 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-12-20T16:28:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Juliana Macêdo Silvestre - 2015.pdf: 815128 bytes, checksum: 3bea2ad6d4ab6f0e783b901523c0d838 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-12-26T14:12:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Juliana Macêdo Silvestre - 2015.pdf: 815128 bytes, checksum: 3bea2ad6d4ab6f0e783b901523c0d838 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-26T14:12:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Juliana Macêdo Silvestre - 2015.pdf: 815128 bytes, checksum: 3bea2ad6d4ab6f0e783b901523c0d838 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The Cerrado is a biome that occupies about 25% of Brazilian territory. The seasonality, hot-humid and cold-dry periods, is one of the most striking features of the Cerrado. Reduced rainfall reduces the availability of water in the surface layers of the soil and increases the evaporative demand of air leading to the formation of litter cooperating in cycling soil nutrients. Another important factor in the Cerrado is the occurrence of fires that influence the dispersion, bloom, sprouting and diversity of certain species of plants. The relationship between seasonality, low fertility of soils and naturally occurring fires has shaped vegetative and reproductive strategies of plants from the Cerrado biome. Ichthyothere terminalis (Spreng.) Blake Asteraceae species occurring in the Cerrado, accumulates large amounts of fructans in the underground organs as reserve carbohydrates. Fructans are fructose polymers which are synthesized by the enzymes 1-SST (sucrose: sucrose fructosyltransferase) and FFT (fructan: fructan fructosyltransferase) and depolymerized by 1-FEH (exohidrolase fructan) and invertase. This study investigated the effect of freezing in the production of the enzymes 1-SST, 1-FEH and Invertase in I. terminalis. The partial characterization of these enzymes was performed. The samples were frozen immediately after collection (EB2) or after 6 hours of transport to the laboratory (EB1). The highest amount of protein was found in EB1 (97.81 μg.mL-1) as compared to EB2 (11,90 μg.mL-1). The results showed that the extraction method was efficient, since there was a significant reduction in reducing sugars and the activity of enzymes 1-SST, 1-FEH and Invertase were detected, mainly in the EB1. Enzymes 1-SST and Invertase showed a pH optimum between pH 6 and 7, while the 1-FEH enzyme had a greater spectrum ranging from pH 5 to 7. The three enzymes had an optimum temperature in the range 40 to 50 (°C). This work represents an important step towards understanding the role of these enzymes in the fructan metabolism in I. terminalis. / O Cerrado é um bioma que ocupa cerca de 25% do território brasileiro. A sazonalidade climática, períodos quente-úmido e frio-seco, é uma das características mais marcantes do Cerrado. A redução pluviométrica diminui a disponibilidade de água nas camadas superficiais do solo e eleva a demanda evaporativa do ar levando a formação de serrapilheira que coopera na ciclagem de nutrientes do solo. Outro fator importante no Cerrado é a ocorrência de queimadas que influenciam na dispersão, floração, rebrota e diversidade de certas espécies de plantas. A relação entre sazonalidade climática, baixa fertilidade dos solos e ocorrência natural de queimadas tem moldado estratégias vegetativas e reprodutivas das plantas do bioma Cerrado. Ichthyothere terminalis(Spreng.) Blake, espécie da família Asteraceae ocorrente no Cerrado, acumula grandes quantidades de frutanos em seus órgãos subterrâneos como carboidratos de reserva. Os frutanos são polímeros de frutose sintetizados pelas enzimas 1-SST (sacarose: sacarose frutosiltransferase) e FFT (frutano:frutano frutosiltransferase) e despolimerizados pela 1-FEH (frutano exohidrolase) e invertase. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar o efeito do tempo de congelamento na produção das enzimas 1-SST, 1-FEH e Invertase em I. terminalis. Além disso, a caracterização parcial destas enzimas foi realizada. As amostras coletadas foram congeladas imediatamente após a coleta (EB2) ou após 6 horas de transporte até o laboratório (EB1). A análise da quantidade de proteína extraída mostrou que EB1 apresentou maior quantidade de proteínas (97,81 μg.mL-1) quando comparada com EB2 (11,90 μg.mL-1). O método de extração foi eficiente, pois houve uma redução significativa em açúcares redutores e a atividade das enzimas 1-SST, 1-FEH e Invertase foram detectadas, principalmente no EB1. As enzimas 1-SST e Invertase apresentaram um pH ótimo entre pH 6 e 7, ao passo que a enzima 1-FEH teve um espectro maior variando de pH 5 a 7. As três enzimas apresentaram uma temperatura ótima na faixa de 40 a 50 (°C). Este trabalho representa um passo importante para o entendimento do papel destas enzimas no metabolismo de frutanos em I. terminalis.

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