No description available.

In the 1690s, Father Kino described Tucson as a highly suitable place to establish a mission community. Once founded, Mission San Agustin del Tucson became a visit a of the neighboring Mission San Xavier del Bac, which served as the cabecera. After Mexico gained its independence from Spain in 1821, the nearby Pima village of El Pueblito was abandoned, and the mission fell into ruin as the church property was homesteaded, given away, or sold. Physical evidence of the mission, including a convento and gardens, was further compromised after a brick manufacturing plant and, later, a landfill took their toll on the archaeological record. By the middle of the twentieth century, the last evidence of the mission era was destroyed. Mission San Agustin can be interpreted as an example of colonial failure that does not conform to traditional culture contact models of a unilinear sequence from diffusion to acculturation and, ultimately, to assimilation. San Agustin was for a short period a thriving, productive, complex mission community that overshadowed its neighboring cabecera, San Xavier del Bac. Using a historical archaeological approach, this paper describes the cultural context in which Tucson's mission was constructed, abandoned, fell into ruin, and disappeared. Major historical events and processes are suggested as possible causes for this failure.

This investigation sought the perceptions of a selected group of Mexican-American community leaders in Tucson, Arizona, concerning their recollected classroom relationships with their teachers. The investigation proceeded on the basis of a three-part theoretical framework drawn from the literature of psychology, anthropology, and education. The theory included the following: (1) Perceptual Processes; (2) Cultural Processes; and (3) Interpersonal Processes. An interview schedule, based on the elements of the theoretical framework, was developed employing a Likert type scale together with an open-ended comment format. Twenty Mexican-American community leaders were identified and interviewed in depth regarding the perceived relationships that they recalled having had with their respective teachers. Among the findings, the following appeared to be most significant: (1) the participants generally agreed that their teachers were aware of them; (2) the participants reported perceiving that their teachers had accepted them; (3) the participants agreed that their teachers had generally not accepted most aspects of their bicultural being. They reported perceiving that their teachers' thrust appeared to have been toward assimilation; (4) the participants reported that their teachers seemed not to have cared sufficiently to communicate to them that their bicultural identities were important; (5) the participants reported that their teachers had not encouraged them to make choices in becoming independent persons. They tended to report that their teachers had lowered expectations for them and therefore had not adequately challenged them; and (6) the participants perceived that their teachers had not extended themselves to positively support their cultural identities.

No description available.

Secondary effluent from the Roger Road Wastewater Treatment Plant undergoes tertiary treatment of dual media filtration and chlorination. The tertiary effluent is recharged and subsequently extracted for irrigation in Tucson, Arizona. The fate of chlorinated organics in this recharge system was investigated in this research. Nonpurgeable organic carbon was found to reach a constant level in the groundwater after being recharged. Not all of the organic carbon was removed from the water. Nonpurgeable organic halogens increased as they flowed away from the recharge basins. Reasons for this increase were not determined. Attempts were made to define the apparent molecular weight distribution of the NPOC and the NPOX. Measured values of the two parameters were consistently greater after the analytical processing than before, making the determination impossible.

This study employs three ordinary least squares regression equations to analyze retail grocery store prices. The grocery stores studied were from the Tucson metropolitan area. The price data collected consisted of a typical market basket purchased in this market. Different price categories were analyzed in order to determine the relevance of interstore comparisons between two different brand categories, national brand and cheapest brand categories. Grocery prices for the two brands were tested to determine if the organization of retail grocery stores (chain and independents), location of the store, store neighborhood average income, and size (in square feet) of the grocery store affected price.

No description available.

Tucson, Arizona is often said to have a water problem. The water table is falling, giving rise to concern on the part of the public and conflicts between water users in the Basin. Many see the problem as a shortage of water to be solved by bringing more water to Tucson by means of the Central Arizona Project. This dissertation examines the occurrence and use of water in the region in order to determine the real nature of Tucson's water problem. First, the institutions governing the use of water in the Basin are described and the disputes between the local water users are discussed. Next, an account is given of the use of water by businesses and residences in Tucson, by the copper mines to the south of Tucson, and by the farms in the Basin. The effect of changes in the cost and availability of water on each of these classes of water user is investigated and the effect that changes in water use could have on the region's economy is discussed. Next, an account is given of the water available for use in the Basin. The occurrence of groundwater in the region is described and the merits of the proposed Central Arizona Project are investigated. The information on the use of water in the Basin and the information on the sources of water available for use in the Basin are then combined to forecast the depletions of groundwater that will take place under various circumstances. Various ways of balancing the region's water budget are described and an assessment is made of the effect that curtailing the use of water in the region would have upon the local water users and the region's economy. The principal conclusions of this study are as follows. First, there is no danger of the supply of water in the Basin becoming exhausted in the near future. The economic and physical effects of the continuing fall in the level of the water table are unlikely to be serious. The second main conclusion is that the region's water budget could be balanced very economically by retiring all agriculture in the region and making modest reductions in the amount of water consumed by urban water users and the copper mines. Given suitable institutional arrangements, curtailing the use of water in the Basin would be a much more economical way of balancing the region's water budget than building the Central Arizona Project. The final conclusion is that the real water problem is an institutional problem. The threat of the Indians' claims to the groundwater of the Tucson Basin, together with the difficulty of resolving the continual disputes between the mines, the farms, and the City of Tucson over water puts all of the local water-using interests in a position where they see the provision of more supplies of water as the only cure to their woes. The remedy to the region's water problem is not the provision of more supplies of water, but a settlement of the Indians' claims and a reform of Arizona's groundwater law to enable a resolution of the conflicts between the water users in the Tucson Basin.

No description available.

The problem of evaluating the parameters of the mathematical model of an unconfined aquifer is examined with a view toward development of automated or computer -aided methods. A formulation is presented in which subjective confidence ranges for each of the model parameters are quantified and entered into an objective function as linear penalty functions. Parameters are then adjusted by a procedure which seeks to reduce the model error to acceptable limits. A digital computer model of the Tucson basin aquifer is adapted and used to illustrate the concepts and demonstrate the method.