A research report submitted to graduate School of Social Sciences of University of the Witwatersrand in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master International Relations in Department of International Relations University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg February 2017 / Manufacturing and International trade are key concept between advanced and developing countries for growth. However, developing countries on the path of industrialization are perceived to have a gloomy future regarding their trade patterns and strategies because these countries are schizophrenic about the liberalization of the trade policy to protect their industry. The purpose of this research report is to analyze this fogginess on the path of newly industrialized countries by observing the similarities and differences between Turkey and South Africa export patterns and strategies. The study covers South African and Turkey export conducted only in 2015. Both countries’ patterns and strategies are analyzed with data based descriptive statistic embodied by the author. We use various indexes from the literature and develop some original indexes as our own contributions. We classified the export commodities based on: (1) Natural Resource, (2) Low-Tech Manufacturing, (3) High-Tech Manufacturing. / MT2018

No description available.

Slated as an economic outlet for Germany, the Baghdad Railway was designed to funnel political influence into the strategically viable regions of the Near East. The Railway was also designed to enrich Germany's coffers with natural resources with natural resources and trade with the Ottomans, their subjects, and their port cities... Over time, the Railway became the only significant route for Germany to reach its "place in the sun," and what began as an international enterprise escalated into a bid for diplomatic influence in the waning Ottoman Empire.

This study analyses the possible impact of the European Union (EU) on the development of the relations between business interest groups and the government in Turkey, more precisely on the interventions of the business interest groups in domestic policy-making. Hence it deals with the links between the progress of the relationship between Turkey and the EU and the development of domestic interest group activity in Turkey. <p><p>The progress of Turkey’s relations with the EU enhanced the visibility of the Turkish Peak Business Organizations (PBOs) in representing Turkish business interests in Brussels. Moreover, the evolution of the activities of the PBOs, provides a broader understanding of the developments of the general characteristics of the relations between the government and business interest groups in Turkey. Hence the investigation focuses on the major Turkish PBOs.<p><p>We examine the relations of Turkish PBOs with the EU, essentially, on the basis of the observation of their transnational actions within the EU as well as their participation in financial and technical assistance programmes of the EU and in the joint institutional structures of the association regime between Turkey and the EU. By analysing these two dimensions we assess the repercussions of the socialization of the Turkish PBOs on their strategies of action in dealing with European Affairs, on discourses they adopted regarding domestic policy-making and on their organizational structure and policy agenda.<p><p>We elaborate our topic with reference to the Europeanization concept, which covers the examination of the consequences of the European governance on national systems. Through the Europeanization concept we observe the correlation between the progress of the Turkey-EU relations and the ongoing process of change in the patterns of interventions of the Turkish business interest groups in domestic policy-making. <p> / Doctorat en sciences politiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished