Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:42:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlfredoNetto.pdf: 18534989 bytes, checksum: c34b879de095b568295379822bc30650 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-26 / During many years the sportive events had been left of side for the social scientists, however, the sport/soccer blunt as one of the biggest social phenomena of the present time, involving in its bigger public events each time, which if they leave to take for the emotions, being generated innumerable acts of violence. In this context some studies concerning the violence of the twisted ones organized in soccer sta-diums are had, however this research retakes this quarrel under a new prism, that is, under the point of view of the military policemen. Being the generating problem of this study centered in the understanding that the military policemen possess of the vi-olence generated for the Twisted ones Organized. In the construction of the research proper methods to a qualitative research of exploratory matrix had been used. To reach the objective considered initially it was looked to understand the violence meaning, the violence in the sport and more specifically in the soccer, and for this a bibliographical research was carried through . After that, basing in the theoretical re-ferential of Elias, categories had been arisen that could support the quarrel with the collected data, in the objective to arrive at the understanding that the military police-men possess on the violence of the Twisted ones Organized, being raised the follow-ing categories: psycho genesis, socio genesis, to be able, outsiders and the control of the violence. Searching to deepen the thematic one of the violence of the twisted ones organized in soccer stadiums a study of case on the classic Atletiba was carried through (game between the Coritiba Foot Ball Club e the Club Athletic Paranaense) carried through in the seventeenth day of October of a thousand nine hundred and ninety and nine, in the stadium Major Antonio Couto Pereira, in the city of Curitiba, game this considered one of the most violent occurrences in the state of the Paraná. For this study initially one searched to rescue the history and origin of the Twisted ones Organized of the Coritiba Foot Ball Club and the Athletic Club Paranaense and the legality of the action of the Military Policy in sport's squares (stadiums), beyond portraying under the different perspectives the facts of occurred violence in this clas-sic. On the basis of the raised theory was become fulfilled interviews, half-structuralized, applied the five military policemen, who were working in that game specify, with the objective to verify the perception that they possess concerning the categories in relation to the described environment. After he analyzes of the data concluded that the military policemen possess knowledge who are the state repre-sentatives detainer of the monopoly of the violence, that they possess the knowledge of the use of the legal violence and the abuse, however in certain confrontations they finish if exceeding, and that they possess a preconception on the twisted ones orga-nized, seeing them as, people wilderness, riotous that goes to stadiums with the ob-jective to provoke tumults, fight. Being many times the favor of the extinguishing of these twisted ones. / Durante muitos anos, os eventos esportivos foram deixados de lado pelos cientistas sociais, no entanto, o esporte/futebol desponta como um dos maiores fenômenos sociais da atualidade, envolvendo em seus eventos públicos cada vez maiores, os quais se deixam levar pelas emoções, gerando inúmeros atos de violência. Neste contexto, têm-se vários estudos acerca da violência das torcidas organizadas nos estádios de futebol, entretanto esta pesquisa retoma a discussão sob um novo pris-ma, ou seja, sob o ponto de vista dos policiais militares. Estando o problema gerador deste estudo centrado na compreensão que os policiais militares envolvidos no con-flito entre as Torcidas Organizadas no Atletiba de outubro de 1999 possuem da vio-lência gerada pelas Torcidas Organizadas. Na construção da pesquisa foram utiliza-dos métodos próprios a uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho exploratório. Para alcan-çar o objetivo proposto, inicialmente procurou-se entender o significado de violência, a violência no esporte e mais especificamente no futebol, e para isso foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Em seguida, embasando no referencial teórico de Nor-bert Elias, levantaram-se categorias que pudessem sustentar a discussão com os dados coletados, no objetivo de chegar à compreensão que os policiais militares possuem sobre a violência das Torcidas Organizadas, sendo levantadas as seguin-tes categorias: psicogênese, sociogênese, poder, outsiders e o controle da violência. Buscando aprofundar a temática da violência das torcidas organizadas nos estádios de futebol foi realizado um estudo de caso sobre o clássico Atletiba (partida entre o Coritiba Foot Ball Club e o Clube Atlético Paranaense) realizado no dia dezessete de outubro de mil novecentos e noventa e nove, no estádio Major Antonio Couto Pe-reira, na cidade de Curitiba, jogo este considerado um dos mais violentos ocorridos no estado do Paraná. Para este estudo inicialmente buscou-se resgatar a história e origem das Torcidas Organizadas do Coritiba Foot Ball Club e do Clube Atlético Pa-ranaense e a legalidade da ação da Polícia Militar em praças desportivas (estádios), além de retratar sob as diferentes perspectivas os fatos de violência ocorrida neste clássico. Com base na teoria levantada realizaram-se entrevistas, semi-estruturadas, aplicadas a cinco policiais militares, que estavam trabalhando naquele jogo específi-co, com o objetivo de verificar a percepção que eles possuem acerca das categorias em relação ao ambiente descrito. Após análise dos dados concluiu-se que os polici-ais militares envolvidos neste estudo possuem conhecimento que são os represen-tantes estatais detentores do monopólio da violência, que possuem o conhecimento do uso da violência legal e do abuso, no entanto em certos confrontos acabam se excedendo, e que possuem um conceito sobre as Torcidas Organizadas, vendo-os como baderneiros, arruaceiros, pessoas que vão aos estádios com o objetivo de provocar tumultos, brigas, sendo muitas vezes a favor da extinção dessas torcidas.

In this work we study twisted sums induced by complex interpolation, of Banach spaces as well as of operator spaces. In the first part of the thesis we focus on Banach spaces, and clarify how interpolation of families, as of couples, induces an extension of the interpolation space, called the derived space. We study how the types and cotypes of the spaces being interpolated determine the triviality or singularity of the derived space, and we apply the results to the study of submodules of the Schatten classes and in the obtainment of nontrivial twisted sums in which all of the three spaces in the short exact sequence do not have the approximation property. In the second part we develop the theory of twisted sums in the category of operator spaces and present many examples of twisted sums which are completely singular and completely nontrivial. In particular, we solve two versions of Palais\' problem for operator spaces. / Neste trabalho estudamos somas torcidas induzidas por interpolação complexa, tanto de espaços de Banach como de espaços de operadores. Na primeira parte da tese focamos em espaços de Banach, e esclarecemos como a interpolação de famílias, assim como a de pares, gera uma extensão do espaço interpolado, chamada de espaço derivado. Estudamos como os tipos e cotipos dos espaços sendo interpolados influenciam na trivialidade ou singularidade do espaço derivado, e aplicamos os resultados para o estudo de submódulos das classes de Schatten e para a obtenção de somas torcidas não-triviais em que os três espaços da sequência exata curta não possuem a propriedade da aproximação. Na segunda parte, desenvolvemos a teoria de somas torcidas na categoria de espaços de operadores, e apresentamos vários exemplos de somas torcidas completamente singulares e completamente não-triviais nessa categoria. Em particular, resolvemos duas versões do problema de Palais para espaços de operadores.

No description available.

In this thesis we consider continuity and positivity properties of pseudo-differential operators in Gelfand-Shilov and Pilipović spaces, and their distribution spaces. We also investigate composition property of pseudo-differential operators with symbols in quasi-Banach modulation spaces. We prove that positive elements with respect to the twisted convolutions, possesing Gevrey regularity of certain order at origin, belong to the Gelfand-Shilov space of the same order. We apply this result to positive semi-definite pseudo-differential operators, as well as show that the strongest Gevrey irregularity of kernels to positive semi-definite operators appear at the diagonals. We also prove that any linear operator with kernel in a Pilipović or Gelfand-Shilov space can be factorized by two operators in the same class. We give links on numerical approximations for such compositions and apply these composition rules to deduce estimates of singular values and establish Schatten-von Neumann properties for such operators.   Furthermore, we derive sufficient and necessary conditions for continuity of the Weyl product with symbols in quasi-Banach modulation spaces.

In this work we study twisted sums induced by complex interpolation, of Banach spaces as well as of operator spaces. In the first part of the thesis we focus on Banach spaces, and clarify how interpolation of families, as of couples, induces an extension of the interpolation space, called the derived space. We study how the types and cotypes of the spaces being interpolated determine the triviality or singularity of the derived space, and we apply the results to the study of submodules of the Schatten classes and in the obtainment of nontrivial twisted sums in which all of the three spaces in the short exact sequence do not have the approximation property. In the second part we develop the theory of twisted sums in the category of operator spaces and present many examples of twisted sums which are completely singular and completely nontrivial. In particular, we solve two versions of Palais\' problem for operator spaces. / Neste trabalho estudamos somas torcidas induzidas por interpolação complexa, tanto de espaços de Banach como de espaços de operadores. Na primeira parte da tese focamos em espaços de Banach, e esclarecemos como a interpolação de famílias, assim como a de pares, gera uma extensão do espaço interpolado, chamada de espaço derivado. Estudamos como os tipos e cotipos dos espaços sendo interpolados influenciam na trivialidade ou singularidade do espaço derivado, e aplicamos os resultados para o estudo de submódulos das classes de Schatten e para a obtenção de somas torcidas não-triviais em que os três espaços da sequência exata curta não possuem a propriedade da aproximação. Na segunda parte, desenvolvemos a teoria de somas torcidas na categoria de espaços de operadores, e apresentamos vários exemplos de somas torcidas completamente singulares e completamente não-triviais nessa categoria. Em particular, resolvemos duas versões do problema de Palais para espaços de operadores.

This thesis will take a look at a branch of topology called knot theory. We will first look at what started the study of this field, classical knot theory. Knot invariants such as the Bracket polynomial and the Jones polynomial will be introduced and studied. We will then explore racks and biracks along with the axioms obtained from the Reidemeister moves. We will then move on to generalize classical knot theory to what is now known as virtual knot theory which was first introduced by Louis Kauffman. Finally, we take a look at a newer aspect of knot theory, twisted virtual knot theory and we defined new link invariants for twisted virtual biracks.

No description available.

A new normal form x2 + y2 = c2(1 + x2y2) of elliptic curves was introduced by M. Harold Edwards in 2007 over the field k having characteristic different than 2. This new form has very special and important properties such that addition operation is strongly unified and complete for properly chosen parameter c . In other words, doubling can be done by using the addition formula and any two points on the curve can be added by the addition formula without exception. D. Bernstein and T. Lange added one more parameter d to the normal form to cover a large class of elliptic curves, x2 + y2 = c2(1 + dx2y2) over the same field. In this thesis, an expository overview of the literature on Edwards curves is given. First, the types of Edwards curves over the nonbinary field k are introduced, addition and doubling over the curves are derived and efficient algorithms for addition and doubling are stated with their costs. Finally, known elliptic curves and Edwards curves are compared according to their cryptographic applications. The way to choose the Edwards curve which is most appropriate for cryptographic applications is also explained.

Berge introduced knots that are primitive/primitive with respect to the standard genus 2 Heegaard surface, F, for the 3-sphere; surgery on such knots at the surface slope yields a lens space. Later Dean described a similar class of knots that are primitive/Seifert with respect to F; surgery on these knots at the surface slope yields a Seifert fibered space. The examples Dean worked with are among the twisted torus knots. In Chapter 3, we show that a given knot can have distinct primitive/Seifert representatives with the same surface slope. In Chapter 4, we show that a knot can also have a primitive/primitive and a primitive/Seifert representative that share the same surface slope. In Section 5.2, we show that these two results are part of the same phenomenon, the proof of which arises from the proof that a specific class of twisted torus knots are fibered, demonstrated in Section 5.1. / text

It has been shown recently that high-quality epitaxial graphene (EPG) can be grown on the SiC substrate that exhibits interesting physical properties and has great advantages for varies device applications. In particular, the multilayer graphene films grown on the C-face show rotational disorder. It is expected that the twisted layers exhibit unique new physics that is distinct from that of either single layer graphene or graphite. In this work, by combining density functional and tight-binding model calculations, we investigate the electric field and doping effects on twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), multiple layer effects on twisted triple-layer graphene, and wave packet propagation properties of TBG. Though these studies, we obtain a comprehensive description of the interesting interlayer interaction in this twisted multilayer graphene system.