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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
141

Risk factors of pneumothorax in advanced and/or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma patients during pazopanib treatment: a single-institute analysis / 進行・転移軟部肉腫患者へのパゾパニブ療法の際に気胸を合併するリスク因子

Nakano, Kenji 26 March 2018 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(医学) / 乙第13158号 / 論医博第2145号 / 新制||医||1029(附属図書館) / (主査)教授 川上 浩司, 教授 戸井 雅和, 教授 松田 秀一 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
142

Intracellular signals underlying the inductive effects of agrin during neuromuscular junction formation : study on the roles of ras and Shc

Lemaire, Mathieu. January 2000 (has links)
No description available.
143

Quantitative investigation of the activation mechanism of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase

Atanasova, Mariya 12 August 2016 (has links)
Cells process a wide range of signals by means of multi-component receptors that span the plasma membrane. Our knowledge about the individual proteins involved in these signaling cascades has grown considerably over recent years. However, critical information about the detailed mechanisms of receptor activation, and the quantitative relationships between stimulus and biological response, is still missing. Here, I used the RET receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), together with its glycosylphosphatidylinositol-coupled co-receptor GFRα3 and their activating growth factor artemin (ART), as a model system to investigate the quantitative and mechanistic features of receptor activation and signaling. I used a set of anti-RET agonist antibodies to induce different extents of receptor clustering on the cell surface, and studied how this factor affects the amplitude and kinetics of membrane-proximal and downstream signaling events, as well as the biological response of neurite outgrowth. Using simulations of the RET-GFRα3-ART system, I studied the effect of co-receptor involvement in the activation mechanism, as well as the importance of the specific activation pathway for the RET system’s response to variations in the expression levels of different components. The principal findings of my work include the following: 1) Higher order receptor clustering is required for full RET activation, as well as for the biological response of neurite outgrowth. 2) The activated forms of the receptor brought about by the agonist antibodies and by ART plus GFRα3 are identical with respect to the ability to activate the transient extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt responses, but the antibodies show a reduced ability to induce sustained activation of ERK, Akt or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). 3) The involvement of GFRα3 co-receptor in the activation mechanism of RET provides cells with the ability to regulate their sensitivity to ligand without affecting the maximum amplitude of the pRET response. 4) This effect is limited if the co-receptor GFRα3 is pre-dimerized. Overall, my work aims to elucidate broad principles that underlie the quantitative relationships between RET activation, signaling, and the resulting cellular functional response, that can be applied to other receptor systems.
144

Targeting the MIF-CD74 axis to overcome resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in lung cancer

Lee, Meghan 01 March 2024 (has links)
Development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) against oncogenic drivers has significantly improved survival of patients with oncogene-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, acquired resistance to TKIs emerges over time in essentially all patients who initially respond. Recent evidence suggests that drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells, which survive and adapt to targeted therapies during an early phase of treatment, play an important role in the emergence of drug resistance. A previous study reported that cluster of differentiation 74 (CD74) expression is upregulated in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated lung cancer after treatment with EGFR-TKIs and that CD74 can be one of the DTP cell markers. However, both the mechanism underlying CD74 expression and the role of CD74 in DTP cells remain unclear. In the current study, an attempt was made to identify the mechanism using cell culture systems and transgenic mouse models. The results confirmed CD74 upregulation at the messenger RNA (mRNA) level after treatments with TKIs in various oncogene-mutated cell lines, including those with EGFR mutations, ROS1 fusions, and ALK fusions. The class II transactivator (CIITA), upstream of CD74, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression were induced by treatments with TKIs in tumor cells, leading to an increase in CD74 expression. In addition, the results showed that treatments with TKIs enhance the autocrine secretion of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a ligand of CD74, from tumor cells. This implied that autocrine stimulation of CD74 signaling blocks apoptosis and causes emergence of DTP cells. To examine whether CD74 plays an important role in the emergence of resistance to TKIs in vivo, experiments were completed in which lung-specific EGFR-L858R-T790M transgenic mice were crossed with Cd74 knockout mice. The results showed that complete deletion of CD74 overcomes or delays resistance to TKIs. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that the MIF-CD74 axis can be a novel target to overcome resistance in driver-mutated NSCLC. / 2026-02-28T00:00:00Z
145

Targeting Metabolic Vulnerabilities Driven by RON Expression in Progressive/Recurrent Breast Cancer

Hunt, Brian January 2022 (has links)
No description available.
146

Pharmacokinetic Evaluation and Modeling of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Nilotinib and Imatinib in Preclinical Species to Aid their Repurposing As Anti-Viral Agents

Ananthula, Hari Krishna 05 December 2017 (has links)
No description available.
147

The Ron Receptor Tyrosine Kinase in Prostate Cancer

Thobe, Megan 06 August 2010 (has links)
No description available.
148

Investigating the Biological and Biochemical Consequences of Met Function and Dysfunction in Canine Osteosarcoma

McCleese, Jennifer Kay 08 September 2011 (has links)
No description available.
149

Identification de nouvelles protéines effectrices dans la signalisation des récepteurs Eph

Banerjee, Sara Luiza 26 May 2021 (has links)
La réponse cellulaire aux stimuli extracellulaires est souvent médiée par des voies de signalisation qui agissent en aval des récepteurs transmembranaires, comme les récepteurs tyrosine kinases (RTK). Avec quatorze membres, la famille des récepteurs Eph représente la plus grande famille de RTK chez l'humain. Contrairement aux autres RTK, les ligands des récepteurs Eph, les éphrines, sont des protéines associées à la membrane cellulaire. La signalisation Eph-éprhines est donc principalement impliquée dans des événements de communication qui impliquent des contacts cellule-cellule comme la migration cellulaire, la répulsion et l'adhésion cellule-cellule. Ces événements sont cruciaux pour certains processus biologiques tels le guidage axonal et l'organisation tissulaire dans l'organisme en développement et chez l'adulte. Les récepteurs Eph sont fréquemment surexprimés ou dérégulés dans divers cancers, en particulier dans les plus agressifs et mortels. Récemment, la signalisation Eph-éphrines est devenue une nouvelle cible émergente pour le traitement du cancer. Bien que les fonctions biologiques des récepteurs Eph aient été largement étudiées, notre compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires grâce auxquels les récepteurs Eph régulent des phénotypes cellulaires précis demeure incomplète. Pour mieux comprendre le système de signalisation impliquant les Eph, mes travaux ont porté sur l'identification de nouvelles protéines effectrices en aval des récepteurs Eph et sur l'étude de leurs implications dans les fonctions régulées par les récepteurs Eph. Pour mieux comprendre les complexes de signalisation associés aux récepteurs Eph dans des conditions natives, j'ai appliqué une approche basée sur la spectrométrie de masse (MS), le marquage de proximité BioID. Cela m'a permis de surmonter les limites de l'utilisation d'approches conventionnelles de purification par affinité pour cartographier les interactions protéine-protéine liées aux récepteurs transmembranaires. J'ai obtenu un réseau de signalisation dépendant des récepteurs EphA4, - B2, -B3 et -B4, qui comprend 395 protéines, dont la plupart n'avaient jamais été liées à la signalisation Eph-dépendante. Pour tester la pertinence biologique des partenaires identifiés, j'ai examiné la contribution de 17 candidats en utilisant une approche de perte de fonction dans une expérience de tri cellulaire dépendante des récepteurs Eph. J'ai pu montrer que la déplétion de quelques candidats, incluant la protéine Par3, bloque le tri des cellules. En utilisant la purification par affinité combinée à la MS, j'ai aussi identifié un complexe de signalisation impliquant la kinase C-terminal SRC (CSK), dont le recrutement aux complexes Par3 dépend des signaux des récepteurs Eph. Pour mieux comprendre les interactions protéiques suivant la liaison Eph-éphrine, j'ai effectué des expériences de TurboID. Ces études m'ont permis d'identifier des complexes protéiques associés au récepteur EphA4 lorsqu'il est lié à l'éphrine-B2. J'ai également étudié les interactions protéine-protéine dépendantes de la liaison du récepteur EphB2 aux éphrines-B1 et -B2. Pour explorer si l'interaction d'EphB2 avec ces deux ligands peut mener à une réponse de signalisation inverse différente, j'ai identifié les partenaires de des ephrin-B1/-B2 lorsque stimulés par EphB2. Enfin, j'ai cartographié les réseaux de signalisation dépendants des récepteurs EphA4 et EphB2 sauvages ou kinase-inactifs, ce qui m'a permis de conclure que la perte de leur activité catalytique a conduit à des changements majeurs dans les interactomes dépendants de ces récepteurs. L'ensemble de mes résultats a permis de mieux définir les complexes protéiques dépendants des récepteurs Eph. Mes études ont mené à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires sous-jacents aux récepteurs Eph et de leur contribution dans le processus de délimitation des tissus, un processus souvent perturbé dans des maladies comme le cancer. / The cellular response to extracellular stimuli is often mediated by signaling pathways that act downstream of transmembrane receptors, such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). With fourteen members, the Eph family of RTKs is the largest in humans. In contrast to other RTKs, Eph receptor cognate ligands, ephrins, are tethered to the cell surface. This results in Eph receptor-ephrin signaling being mainly involved in short-range cell-cell communication events that regulate cell migration, repulsion and cell-cell adhesion. These events are crucial in biological processes such as axon guidance and tissue boundary formation in the developing and adult organisms. Eph receptors are frequently overexpressed or deregulated in a variety of human tumors, especially in the more aggressive and lethal ones. In recent years, the Eph-ephrin signaling system became an emerging new target for cancer treatment. Although a plethora of Eph receptor biological functions have been extensively studied, we still have a vague idea on the molecular mechanisms of Eph receptor signal transduction, underlying how Eph receptors regulate precise cellular phenotypes. To better understand the Eph receptor signaling system, my studies focused on the identification of novel Eph receptor downstream effector proteins and the determination of their requirement for Eph receptor-regulated functions. To unravel Eph receptor-associated signaling complexes under native conditions, I applied a mass spectrometry (MS)-based approach, namely BioID proximity labeling. This allowed me to overcome the limitations of conventional affinity purification approaches for mapping protein-protein interactions of transmembrane receptors. I obtained a composite signaling network from EphA4, -B2, -B3 and -B4 receptors that comprises 395 proteins, most of which not previously linked to Eph signaling. To test the biological relevance of the identified Eph receptor proximity interactors, I examined the contribution of 17 candidates using a loss-of-function approach in an Eph receptor-dependent cell sorting assay. I showed that depletion of a few candidates, including the signaling scaffold Par3, blocks Eph receptordependent cell sorting. Using affinity purification combined with MS, I further delineated a signaling complex involving C-terminal SRC kinase (CSK), whose recruitment to Par3 complexes is dependent on Eph receptor signals. To further elucidate Eph receptor-centric signaling complexes that are formed upon ephrin binding and are affected by Eph receptor catalytic activity I performed TurboID experiments. I systematically mapped ligand stimulation-dependent signaling networks downstream of EphA4 and EphB2 receptors. I dissected the impact of ephrin-B2 stimulation on the formation of EphA4- nucleated proximal protein complexes. Moreover, I showed the differential recruitment of EphB2 partners upon receptor binding to the same subclass of ligands, ephrin-B1 and ephrin-B2. To explore whether the EphB2 interactions with these two ephrin-B ligands elicit different reverse signaling responses, I delineated ephrin-B1/-B2 proximity partners recruited upon EphB2 stimulation. I also determined that the kinase domain of EphA4/-B2 plays a major role in determining the composition of signaling networks around the receptors, as a loss of catalytic activity led to a drastic decrease in a number of interactors with the receptors. Collectively, my definition of Eph receptor signaling networks sheds light on physiologically relevant Eph receptor-centered protein complexes that occur in living cells. These studies will lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which Eph receptors transmit signals at the membrane and give insight into how Eph receptor-mediated signaling pathways contribute to boundary formation, a process often disrupted in diseases like cancer.
150

Étude des réponses phagocytaires et chimiotactiques du neutrophile humain dans des modèles in vitro

Desaulniers, Philippe. 12 April 2018 (has links)
Le neutrophile humain est impliqué dans la première ligne de défense du corps humain. Pour jouer ce rôle le neutrophile doit se rendre au site inflammatoire et phagocyter les agents microbiens. L'objectif de cette étude est d'étudier les mécanismes impliqués lors de la chimiotaxie des neutrophiles et la phagocytose. Les résultats obtenus permettent d'identifier plusieurs voies de signalisation impliquées dans ces deux réponses majeures du neutrophile et décrivent des différences majeures entre les signaux chimiotactiques qui permettent une spécialisation de la réponse.

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