Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1999. / Title from title page screen, viewed July 20, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Edward R. Hines (chair), Victor J. Boschini, Ramesh B. Chaudhari, Patricia Klass. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-111) and abstract. Also available in print.

As preocupações com a escolha profissional e a satisfação de carreira ultrapassaram a barreira da adolescência e configuram questões importantes para o indivíduo em diferentes pontos do desenvolvimento. Esta tese investigou o desenvolvimento de carreira no período da graduação. No primeiro estudo, entrevistas com oito estudantes evadidos apontaram, entre outras coisas, uma fragilidade da escolha inicial, pouca atividade exploratória e expectativas irrealistas sobre a carreira, mostrando ser a evasão uma decisão impulsiva, decorrente de insatisfação de longo prazo e sem relação com novas escolhas de carreira. O segundo estudo investigou características vocacionais de 939 universitários regularmente matriculados nas diferentes áreas de formação, detectando a importância de aspectos como a participação em atividades acadêmicas, a exploração de carreira, o desempenho acadêmico, as percepções sobre o mercado de trabalho e a percepção de estressores para os níveis de comprometimento com a carreira, a satisfação de vida e a probabilidade de evasão. Ambos os estudos apontaram o papel fundamental do professor universitário para a decisão de carreira do estudante e a demanda por intervenções de orientação de carreira na graduação. Estes resultados confirmam a heterogeneidade da experiência universitária e salientam que estratégias favorecedoras do comportamento exploratório e atividades que permitam reflexão sobre a relação desempenho-mercado-profissão contribuiriam para satisfação acadêmica e de vida. Ainda, estratégias de apoio ao universitário devem considerar dificuldades percebidas e características vocacionais segundo área e período do curso. / Concerns about professional choice and carreer satisfaction went beyond adolescence and are now important questions for individuals in different developmentals phases. This dissertation is comprised by two studies that investigated undergraduate career development. In the first study, eight students who dropped out were interviewed. The results showed that the first choice was fragile, they had low exploratory activity and non realistic expectations about their career. The decision to drop out was impulsive, related to long term dissatisfaction and not based in a new career choice. The second study investigated vocational characteristics of 939 undergraduates in different fields of study. The results showed positive correlations among career/course satisfaction and life satisfaction, career commitment, academic performance and activities, labor market evaluation and environmental exploration. Negative correlations were found between career/course satisfaction and dropout probability and stressors. Both studies point to the very important role of the university professor for the carrer decision of the student and the demand for career orientation intervention at the undergraduate level. These results confirmed the heterogeneity of undergraduate experience and highlighted that strategies focused on exploratory behavior and on careerperformance- market connection could contribute to a better life and career satisfaction. Also, the choice of support strategies for students must take into account perceived difficulties and vocational characteristics of the period and of the field of study.

Research into various human values is of great social significance, and that is why it is receiving increasing attention. In the past, we were confronted with a too narrow definition of the subject of social psychology as a science on attitudes. Today, we can consider values and the evaluation process as one of the main themes of social psychology. Values condition the behaviour of social groups and individuals, therefore it is expected that, in the near future, empirical research and theoretical processing of values will become one of the most essential tasks of social sciences. Applicability of values and the whole value system depends on social goals; goals, which a society sets, change with the change of social order and so does the system of values. Therefore, every change of the social order brings about also a reassessment of values. However, even within a given social structure changes in values occur in relation to the following social development and changing social needs. Research into values is associated with major methodological as well as methodical difficulties; a number of psychological methods applied in international studies are based on different socio-economic conditions. The optimum solution can be seen in the selection of the most common method (the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey test) in the Czech modification, which was applied, as the main research method, in a research into the values of university students in Ostrava. The method, despite its shortcomings, is appropriate for determining the basic trends in the value orientation of university students. In today{\crq}s hyped time, the issues of life values of young people are much discussed and written about. This diploma paper deals with the value orientation of students at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice and it also examines the factors that influence their directions of life. The theoretical part deals with the issue of philosophical, sociological and psychological concepts of values, culture and value system, value classifications and value orientation itself, the needs and attitudes related to the issue of values, the issues of values in various types of research studies focusing on the values of the youth, and the methods of studying values. At the end of the theoretical part, the value research results of other authors are presented. The practical part is dedicated to the research into value orientation that took place at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice in the students specializing in the field called ``Specialist in Public Health Protection{\crq}q. The research examined the relations and attitudes of the students to emotional, social and material values. The method of questionnaire survey was used for data collection.

As preocupações com a escolha profissional e a satisfação de carreira ultrapassaram a barreira da adolescência e configuram questões importantes para o indivíduo em diferentes pontos do desenvolvimento. Esta tese investigou o desenvolvimento de carreira no período da graduação. No primeiro estudo, entrevistas com oito estudantes evadidos apontaram, entre outras coisas, uma fragilidade da escolha inicial, pouca atividade exploratória e expectativas irrealistas sobre a carreira, mostrando ser a evasão uma decisão impulsiva, decorrente de insatisfação de longo prazo e sem relação com novas escolhas de carreira. O segundo estudo investigou características vocacionais de 939 universitários regularmente matriculados nas diferentes áreas de formação, detectando a importância de aspectos como a participação em atividades acadêmicas, a exploração de carreira, o desempenho acadêmico, as percepções sobre o mercado de trabalho e a percepção de estressores para os níveis de comprometimento com a carreira, a satisfação de vida e a probabilidade de evasão. Ambos os estudos apontaram o papel fundamental do professor universitário para a decisão de carreira do estudante e a demanda por intervenções de orientação de carreira na graduação. Estes resultados confirmam a heterogeneidade da experiência universitária e salientam que estratégias favorecedoras do comportamento exploratório e atividades que permitam reflexão sobre a relação desempenho-mercado-profissão contribuiriam para satisfação acadêmica e de vida. Ainda, estratégias de apoio ao universitário devem considerar dificuldades percebidas e características vocacionais segundo área e período do curso. / Concerns about professional choice and carreer satisfaction went beyond adolescence and are now important questions for individuals in different developmentals phases. This dissertation is comprised by two studies that investigated undergraduate career development. In the first study, eight students who dropped out were interviewed. The results showed that the first choice was fragile, they had low exploratory activity and non realistic expectations about their career. The decision to drop out was impulsive, related to long term dissatisfaction and not based in a new career choice. The second study investigated vocational characteristics of 939 undergraduates in different fields of study. The results showed positive correlations among career/course satisfaction and life satisfaction, career commitment, academic performance and activities, labor market evaluation and environmental exploration. Negative correlations were found between career/course satisfaction and dropout probability and stressors. Both studies point to the very important role of the university professor for the carrer decision of the student and the demand for career orientation intervention at the undergraduate level. These results confirmed the heterogeneity of undergraduate experience and highlighted that strategies focused on exploratory behavior and on careerperformance- market connection could contribute to a better life and career satisfaction. Also, the choice of support strategies for students must take into account perceived difficulties and vocational characteristics of the period and of the field of study.

The university’s processes of tutoring and mentoring have been described as relevant toolsfor overall development and academic integration of the university student and overalldevelopment of the university student, and academic integration. This study conducted a bibliometric review about tutoring and mentoring programs in Brazilian universities between 1998 and 2013 in order to map existing initiatives, configuration, objectives, key findings and relevance. After consulting CAPES Repositorium, SciELO, INDEXPsi e BVS-Psi, 31 papers were analyzed. Most studies in the area of health were conducted in public institutions with qualitative methods, in the southeast and northeast of Brazil. Results indicated positive evaluation of the experiences, and point to aspects to be considered in future projects. / Los procesos de tutoría y mentoría académicas se han descrito como herramientas relevantes para el desarrollo global y la integración académica del estudiante universitario. Este artículo realiza una revisión bibliométrica de los programas de tutoría y mentoría en universidades brasileñas, entre 1998 y 2013, con el fin de mapear las iniciativas existentes, su configuración, objetivos y principales resultados. Después de la revisión del Banco de Tesis de CAPES, SciELO, INDEXPSI y BVS-Psi, fueron encontradas 31 publicaciones sobre el tema. La mayoría de los trabajos se refieren a estudios cualitativos en el área de la salud desarrollados en el sureste y noreste del país en instituciones públicas. Los resultados indicaron una evaluación positiva de las experiencias de mentoría y tutoría, pero fueron señalados algunos aspectos a considerar en futuros proyectos con el fin de mejorar los resultados.

As preocupações com a escolha profissional e a satisfação de carreira ultrapassaram a barreira da adolescência e configuram questões importantes para o indivíduo em diferentes pontos do desenvolvimento. Esta tese investigou o desenvolvimento de carreira no período da graduação. No primeiro estudo, entrevistas com oito estudantes evadidos apontaram, entre outras coisas, uma fragilidade da escolha inicial, pouca atividade exploratória e expectativas irrealistas sobre a carreira, mostrando ser a evasão uma decisão impulsiva, decorrente de insatisfação de longo prazo e sem relação com novas escolhas de carreira. O segundo estudo investigou características vocacionais de 939 universitários regularmente matriculados nas diferentes áreas de formação, detectando a importância de aspectos como a participação em atividades acadêmicas, a exploração de carreira, o desempenho acadêmico, as percepções sobre o mercado de trabalho e a percepção de estressores para os níveis de comprometimento com a carreira, a satisfação de vida e a probabilidade de evasão. Ambos os estudos apontaram o papel fundamental do professor universitário para a decisão de carreira do estudante e a demanda por intervenções de orientação de carreira na graduação. Estes resultados confirmam a heterogeneidade da experiência universitária e salientam que estratégias favorecedoras do comportamento exploratório e atividades que permitam reflexão sobre a relação desempenho-mercado-profissão contribuiriam para satisfação acadêmica e de vida. Ainda, estratégias de apoio ao universitário devem considerar dificuldades percebidas e características vocacionais segundo área e período do curso. / Concerns about professional choice and carreer satisfaction went beyond adolescence and are now important questions for individuals in different developmentals phases. This dissertation is comprised by two studies that investigated undergraduate career development. In the first study, eight students who dropped out were interviewed. The results showed that the first choice was fragile, they had low exploratory activity and non realistic expectations about their career. The decision to drop out was impulsive, related to long term dissatisfaction and not based in a new career choice. The second study investigated vocational characteristics of 939 undergraduates in different fields of study. The results showed positive correlations among career/course satisfaction and life satisfaction, career commitment, academic performance and activities, labor market evaluation and environmental exploration. Negative correlations were found between career/course satisfaction and dropout probability and stressors. Both studies point to the very important role of the university professor for the carrer decision of the student and the demand for career orientation intervention at the undergraduate level. These results confirmed the heterogeneity of undergraduate experience and highlighted that strategies focused on exploratory behavior and on careerperformance- market connection could contribute to a better life and career satisfaction. Also, the choice of support strategies for students must take into account perceived difficulties and vocational characteristics of the period and of the field of study.

Orientador: Soely Aparecida Jorge Polydoro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T12:46:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marinho_RitadeCassiadeAlmeida_M.pdf: 3345417 bytes, checksum: 342de73609b1fc364a714a6d65c36718 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As mudanças ocorridas na sociedade refletiram na expansão do ensino superior. Esta expansão, aliada às políticas governamentais para a educação brasileira, tem provocado diferentes efeitos nos campos político e pedagógico da formação dos estudantes, especialmente da formação docente. Constata-se uma menor procura por cursos de Licenciaturas, o que também sofre influência da baixa valorização da carreira e condições de trabalho. Uma vez que há diversificação no público que acede ao ensino superior, torna-se relevante o maior conhecimento a respeito da comunidade discente e seu percurso acadêmico. Para esta pesquisa foi selecionada uma modalidade específica de estudante de uma universidade pública situada no interior do estado de São Paulo: o aluno reingressante. São identificados como reingressantes, os estudantes que retornam à instituição para realizar outra habilitação ou ênfase do curso concluído. Diante destas especificações, o presente estudo teve por objetivo compreender o reingresso ao ensino superior, por meio da análise do perfil e da trajetória acadêmica de estudantes reingressantes em um mesmo curso do ensino superior, que tiveram a Licenciatura em seu percurso acadêmico no período compreendido de 2004 a 2009. Configura-se em uma pesquisa do tipo descritiva, de natureza documental e longitudinal. Os dados permitiram verificar a presença 1537 estudantes reingressantes que atendiam aos atributos estabelecidos pelo estudo, das quatro áreas do conhecimento (Ciências Exatas, Tecnológicas e da Terra; Ciências Biológicas e Profissões da Saúde; Ciências Humanas e Artes), dos quais realizaram até sete movimentos em sua trajetória acadêmica e que tiveram como curso de entrada preferencialmente o Bacharelado. Os estudantes das áreas de Ciências Exatas, Tecnológicas e da Terra e Ciências Biológicas e Profissões da Saúde foram os que mais realizaram movimentos em sua trajetória acadêmica. Os da área de Artes foram os que realizaram menos movimentos. Ao todo, os estudantes reingressantes passaram por 37 modalidades de Bacharelado, 10 de Licenciatura e uma de Tecnologia. Ao longo da trajetória acadêmica dos alunos foi percebida uma diminuição do número de alunos e também um decrescente índice de conclusão de curso. Os movimentos apresentaram tanto uma complementação da formação em novas carreiras, como o compromisso com a modalidade ao retornar à mesma após evasão anterior. O vínculo com a instituição mostrou-se presente ao se identificar a presença de Disciplinas Isoladas inseridas em sua trajetória. Foram identificadas variações na distância temporal entre a conclusão da modalidade anterior e o ingresso na modalidade posterior, na inclusão de outros cursos, no número de movimentos e direções apresentadas na trajetória e na condição acadêmica dos alunos dos diferentes cursos. Quanto à escolha pela Licenciatura, houve uma reduzida procura inicial, bem como baixo índice de conclusão. Os resultados obtidos indicam novas situações a serem investigadas, a fim de se buscar a percepção do reingressante sobre as variáveis motivacionais e de contexto que interferem neste percurso, destacando o papel do reingresso e a escolha da Licenciatura / Abstract: The changes occurred in the society resulted in the expansion of higher education. This expansion, combined with government policies for the Brazilian education has led to different effects in the political and pedagogical training of students, especially teacher education. There is a lower demand for undergraduate courses, which also is influenced by the low valuation of his career and working conditions. Since there is diversification in the public that access to higher education, becomes the most relevant knowledge about the student community and its academic career. For this research we selected a specific type of student of a public university located in the state of Sao Paulo: the student re-entry. Are identified like re-entry students, who return to the institution to hold another qualification or emphasis of the course completed. Given these specifications, this study had like a main objective, to understand the re-entry to higher education, using for this, the analysis of the profile and the academic career of re-entry students in one course of higher education, who had a degree in his academic career in the period of 2004 to 2009. Set in a search of the descriptive type of nature documentary and longitudinally. The data helped confirm the presence of 1537 re-entry students who meet the attributes set by the study, the four areas of knowledge (Exact Sciences, Technology and of the Earth: Biological Science and health professions; Human Science and Arts), which made up seven movements in their academic progress and which were input preferably Bachelor. The students of the Exact Sciences like Technology and Earth; Biological Scienc and Health Professions were mostly performed movements in their academic life. The Arts area were those who had less movement. In all, the re-entry students passed for 37 kinds of Bachelors Degree, 10 of graduation and 1 of Technology. During the academic life of the students, was noted a decrease of the number of students and a decreasing quantity in the completion of course. The movements show a completion of training in new careers, like an engagement with the course, when it returned to study after last evasion. The link with the institution was proven at identify the presence of Isolated Disciplines inserted in the trajectory. It was identified different gaps between the completion of the previous mode and the entering the posterior mode, in the including of other courses, in the number of movements and directions showed in the trajectory and in the academic condition of the students in the different courses. As the choice for graduate, there was an initial decrease found, like a lower quantity of completion. The results indicate new situations that need to be observed, to the future to have a perception of re-entry about the motivational variables and of context that interfere in this trajectory, with emphasis in the re-entry and the choice of the Graduate / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestre em Educação

Background: Specific features of university student rugby players and the tournaments they compete in may involve epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and associated risk factors that differ from other populations. To date, this has not been studied. Aim of the study: To determine the epidemiology, clinical characteristics of and the associated risk factors for rugby-related injuries in university student rugby players. Design: Prospective cohort study Setting: Rugby teams (Young Guns [YG] and Varsity Cup [VC] representing the University of Pretoria (UP) in the Varsity Rugby tournament. Participants: 171 male university student rugby players. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted over two consecutive rugby seasons (2018/19 and 2019/20). Male student rugby players at UP that were included in the YG and VC squads, were followed over a total period of 35 weeks (2018/19: 18 weeks, 2019/20: 17 weeks). The two squads were comprised of a total of 179 players over the two-year period, where 171 players gave consent for study participation. Baseline data were collected at the beginning of pre-season preparations. These included player’s age, playing position and highest level of representation, and completion of injury history and medical history questionnaires. Medical staff affiliated with the teams recorded all training and match time-loss injuries during preseason and in-competition period. Data are reported as the incidence (injuries per 1 000 player-hours: 95% CI) of time-loss rugby-related injuries, injured player proportion (%), frequency (% of injuries) of injury characteristics and injury severity grade (time loss) for training and match injuries. These outcome measures are reported for anatomical region, body area, tissue type, pathology type, and mechanism of injury. The relative risk (RR) of injury was calculated for potential risk factors (participant demographics [age groups], rugby specific information [level of competition, playing position, highest level of play], medical history of disease [medical risk category], and injury history [acute or chronic injury 12 months prior, severe injury in entire sporting career]) by means of univariate analysis. Results: The primary findings with regards to epidemiology and clinical characteristics are as follows: 1) 60% of players sustained an injury during each season, 2) 64% of all injuries occurred during matches and the overall injury incidence (per 1 000 player hours) was significantly higher in matches (131.1) compared with training (2.4), 3) 84% of injuries were new injuries, 4) during training, most injuries (65%) affected the lower limb, while in matches upper limb (37%) and lower limb injuries (36%) were equally common, 5) training injuries mostly affected the ankle (16%) body area, whereas match injuries more frequently affected the shoulder (20%), 6) the majority of injuries involved muscle/tendon (57%) as the tissue type, of which approximately half were muscle injuries and a third were muscle contusions, 7) the injury severity profile was similar between match and training injuries and more than a quarter of all injuries resulted in time-loss of more than 28 days, 8) contact mechanisms of injury lead to most injuries in matches, whereas non-contact mechanisms accounted for a larger proportion of training injuries, 9) almost half of match injuries occur during the tackle phase (49%), and 10) a high percentage of players could not recall the match period where the injury occurred (24%). The following risk factors associated with incurring an injury during a season were identified: 1) the older age group within the student cohort, 2) higher level of tournament, and 3) any recent injury (past 12 months), 4) a recent injury (past 12 months) to the lower limb. Conclusion: The injured player proportion and match injury incidence were higher in university student rugby players participating in the VC and YG tournaments than has been previously reported in elite professional rugby. The number and severity profiles of training and match injuries were similar. Training injuries mostly occurred in non-contact situations and affected the lower limb, whereas contact injuries were more common in matches and the upper and lower limb were affected at equal frequencies. We show an association between injury risk and age, level of competition, previous acute and/or chronic injury during the past 12 months and specifically a lower limb injury in the past 12 months. The study findings can add to the collective knowledge of injuries and associated risk for injury among student rugby players which in turn may assist medical team members to plan and implement effective injury prevention strategies for this specific population in future. / Dissertation (MPhysiotherapy)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Physiotherapy / MPhysiotherapy / Restricted

Student academic progress has been at the centre of concern to all higher education institutions in South Africa. It is understood that student progress emanates from a range of dynamics that gives students different educational experiences. The student cohort at University of Pretoria (Abdulghani et al., 2014) come from diverse cultural backgrounds in South Africa, aptly called the rainbow-nation, and subsequently bring different levels of proficiency and world experiences to the higher education sector. The student population is like a tapestry interwoven from different cultures and includes students from all 'walks of life', rich and poor, alternative lifestyle and background, as well as students who are disabled, and students who have diverse sexual orientations. The transition from school to university is regarded as a time of extreme stress for students arriving at the university door for the first time. The expectations of students are mostly unknown, but educators know that students entering university come from positions of extreme inequality, not only in terms of schooling, but also of financial and other resources. It is well-documented that in addition to all the other changes, a large number of students arrive at the university lacking the necessary knowledge and skills that will help them cope at university. These are largely students that come from underprivileged schools that still bear the ravages of apartheid education. To assist students in overcoming the lack of these skills and bridging the educational gap, higher education has to address these needs. Hence, it is the intention of this research to "explore the undergraduate Information Technology experience of an extended programme". The research is a four-year longitudinal study of IT students in the extended (four-year) IT degrees at UP, and has analysed interviews conducted with IT graduates in a range of professional settings. Taken together, these components have been designed to expand the researcher's understanding of undergraduate IT experience (extended programmes) and the transition from university to the workplace. Furthermore, it focuses on how students in Information Technology experience their education, how they gain knowledge of what Information Technology is, and what their post-graduation plans are. Based mainly on the theoretical framework of Vincent Tinto (1975), this study provides an analysis of research regarding student experiences, retention and withdrawal in the extended four-year programme (E4YP) in IT. The research methodology used to conduct this study includes a mixed methods approach undertaken from more than one point of view. The researcher used a combination of qualitative and quantitative research features. The data was generated by surveys (online questionnaires and mini-questionnaires), mini-essays and the results of statistical analysis using academic results and Students� Academic Readiness Survey (STARS) scores. The findings of this study paint a portrait of typical first-year students irrespective of study direction. Their experiences and journey during the first-year are fraught with issues such as finance, accommodation, transport, gender inequality, institutional hiccups, loneliness and exhaustion, and difficulty in finding their way around campus. However, many expressed experiencing the euphoria of freedom from school/parental rules, meeting new friends and socialising, and enjoying the general feeling of being a university student. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Informatics / PhD / Unrestricted

This dissertation addresses the following research questions: How do physical features of high density college dormitories affect residents' perception of crowding, and what kinds of design strategies are available for alleviating the perceived crowding? The data source was responses to a self-administered questionnaire from residents of living units which were randomly sampled from three dormitories of comparable physical density at Oregon State University. Seven hypotheses were used to examine the relationship between perceived crowding and physical features associated with different settings in selected dormitories. The first hypothesis sought to clarify how selected physical variables, compared with selected social and personal variables, contributed to perceived crowding both in dormitory dwellings (floor crowding) and rooms (room crowding). For the remaining hypotheses, comparisons were made to determine if differences existed between groups living on floors with varied corridor length, floor height (distance above ground level), and bathroom location, and between groups living in rooms with varied desk location, room location, and window orientation. Using multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance as the major tools for hypothesis testing, the study found that: (1) both room and dwelling crowding were not significantly affected by the selected physical, social, and personal variables; (2) floor crowding was significantly lower among residents of short corridors and among those who shared suite rather than community bathrooms. Variations in floor level did not affect perceived crowding; (3) room crowding was not significantly affected by variations in desk location, room location, and window orientation, but rather by the interactive effects of window orientation and floor height.