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Measures to reduce structural unemployment in the post-apartheid era in South Africa12 September 2012 (has links)
M.A. / The purpose of this study is to examine structural unemployment in the post apartheid South Africa and propose possible policy options to reduce structural unemployment in the new South Africa. In coming to some possible solutions, it is necessary to consider the South African labour market before and after the elections in 1994 when the Apartheid struggle was ended in a formal and legitimate manner. It is also necessary to research the dilemma of structural unemployment in South Africa and search for possible solutions to the problem by looking at current government policy and other views from the different stakeholders in the economy. It is only through this process that one can start coming to some kind of conclusion as to possible measures to reduce structural unemployment in the post-Apartheid South Africa. This study should by no means be considered as the answer to the problem of unemployment in South Africa, but only acts as an introductory study into the problem of rising structural unemployment in the country.
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An investigation of the current perceptions of the UIF policy for domestic workers.Mkhabela, Janet January 2004 (has links)
The study aims to investigate the current perceptions of the Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIP) for domestic workers in a township called KwaNdengezi, a Durban Metro area, Pretoria section. The study used qualitative research methods to gather and interpret data. A sample consisting of 13 domestic workers, 10 employers of domestic workers, Department of Labour (UIF official) and representative from the South
African Domestic and Allied Workers Union (SADAWU) were interviewed. The
study found that there are negative perceptions about the policy due to the fact that people (employers and domestic workers) do not understand the policy objectives and how the policy tries to meet these objectives. The study also found that SADAWU was participated in setting the agenda for policy by identifying the problems of domestic workers and petitioning government to address them. Lastly, the study highlighted that the main problem with the implementation of the policy was that it was not communicated clearly enough which has led to many misinterpretations of the policy. / Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.
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The impact of economic driven community development projects in addressing povertyMatakanye, Avhashoni Edward 25 October 2015 (has links)
M.A. (Social Science) / Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Die invloed van werkloosheid op maatskaplike funksionering25 February 2015 (has links)
M.A. / South Africa is currently experiencing a process of transformation impacting on the welfare, economical, physical and political areas. This process of transformation and socio-economic change has created a number of problems for example - unemployment. During the past decade the South African economy has been unable to provide opportunities for its economically active population. Unemployment in South Africa has undergone a transformation and, currently, the problem cannot, as in the past, be attributed to irresponsibility and instability. External factors are currently causing a situation where stable and self supporting individuals and families are becoming unemployed. Unemployment does not only have socio-economic implications for the country but also psycho-social implications for individuals, the family and the community. Retrenchment can lead to poor self-image, the loss of confidence, limited or even no future vision, internal struggle, depression, tension in the family and other psycho-social conditions...
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Vakbonde, loonaanpasbaarheid en werkloosheidSerfontein, Frederik Hendrik Bernardus 06 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / Suid-Afrika ondervind reeds geruime tyd hoe en stygende vlakke van werkloosheid.
Gedurende die tagtigerjare bet die opkoms van vakbonde 'n fundamentele
herstrukturering van die Suid-Afrikaanse arbeidsmark veroorsaak en die styging in
werkloosheid gedurende die tydperk word dikwels aan vakbondoptrede toegeskryf.
In die studie word verskillende oorsake van werkloosheid aan die hand van die
klassieke, Keynesiaanse, natuurlike werkloosheidskoers- en nie-versnellende-inflasiewerkloosheidskoersbenaderings
ondersoek ten einde die invloed van vakbonde en
loononaanpasbaarheid op werkloosheid te probeer bepaal. Ooreenkomste sowel as
verskille tussen die teoriee word geidentifiseer. Dit wil voorkom asof vakbonde
gedurende die tagtigerjare in Suid-Afrika deur middel van bulle invloed op
. loonverhogings 'n betreklik geringe invloed op werkloosheid gehad bet en dat
loononaanpasbaarheid geensins 'n beduidende faktor was nie. Dit blyk ook dat die
Keynesiaanse benadering die toepaslikste raamwerk hied vir die ontleding van hoe
vlakke van werkloosheid en die invloed van vakbonde daarop. · / High and rising levels of unemployment have been experienced in South Africa for
quite some time. The rise in trade union activity during the eighties caused a
fundamental restructuring of the South African labour market and the increase in
unemployment during this period is often blamed on trade union activity. In this
study the classical approach, the Keynesian approach, the natural rate of
unemployment and the non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment are used to
examine the different causes of unemployment with the purpose of assessing the
influence of trade unions and wage rigidity on the level of unemployment. Similarities
as well as differences between the theories are identified. It appears that trade unions
had a marginal effect on unemployment in South Africa during the eighties through
their influence on wage increases and that wage rigidity was not a significant cause of
unemployment during this period. The Keynesian approach seems to be the most
appropriate framework to analyse the causes of high levels of unemployment as well
as the influence of trade unions on unemployment. / Department of Economics / M. Comm (Economics)
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Falling through the cracks : income security and the South African social security systemBredenkamp, Caryn 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis focuses on the extent to which the South African social security system
succeeds in providing protection in the vulnerable periods of the life-cycle and against
the major contingencies of unemployment, disability and disease. Through a detailed
examination of the different social insurance and assistance programmes, it isolates
which particular population segments (by occupation, income quintile and race group)
"fall through the cracks" in the provision of income security. It does not look only at the
articulation between different social insurance and social assistance programmes, but also
acknowledges how social security complements other governmental interventions, such
as social services, and non-state sources of income security, such as those provided by the
private insurance market and the family and community.
Part One of the thesis is devoted to an examination of social insurance in South Africa, in
other words, to those programmes that seek to compensate for a loss of income in the
event of particular contingencies and that are funded by contributions from employers
and employees. In addition, theoretical perspectives on social security, and social
insurance in particular, are provided, with a discussion of the various economic
arguments in favour of and against the provision of social security.
Part Two of the thesis examines the range of non-contributory social assistance - cash
benefits paid form general revenue - that are available to South Africans who qualify in
terms of the means tests. Each chapter provides an analysis of the extent to which the
social assistance programme under analysis provides a safety net for the relevant category of vulnerable people. It does this by examining the appropriateness of the programme
structure, take-up rates and the fiscal sustainability of the programmes. In addition, the
budgetary process by which revenue is allocated to social assistance programmes and
expenditure trends are examined.
The thesis concludes that although the South African social security system has achieved
a fairly advanced level of development and covers a fairly wide range of risks, there are a
number of constraints facing its further expansion. Social insurance schemes provide
generous benefits, but their membership is restricted to the employed. Expanding
coverage by social insurance would require substantial growth in remunerative
employment which, given prevailing labour market conditions, seems unlikely. The
provision of more generous social assistance programmes catering for a broader range of
contingencies is severely curtailed by already high fiscal expenditure on welfare and
macroeconomic constraints. Moreover, changing demography, household structures and
dependency burdens, especially as the HIV/AIDS epidemic spreads, seem likely to
increase demands on social assistance programmes. Consequently, until employment can
be expanded so that more people can contribute to their own income security, the
informal social security provided by the family and/or community will remain the first
line of support for many. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis word gefokus op die mate waartoe die Suid-Afrikaanse
bestaansbeveiligingstelsel daarin slaag om ondersteuning tydens kwesbare periodes in die
lewensiklus en beskerming teen groot gebeurlikhede soos werkloosheid, ongeskiktheid of
langdurige siekte te bied. Daardie bevolkingsegmente (volgens beroep, inkomstegroep of
ras) wat nie volledig toegang tot inkomstesekuriteit het nie, word uitgesonder deur 'n
gedetaileerde ondersoek van die verskillende maatskaplike versekerings- en
bystandsprogramme. Daar word ook gekyk na die artikulasie tussen die verskillende
programme sowel as na hoe ander regeringsintervensies (bv. verskaffing van
maatskaplike dienste) en private bronne van inkomstesekuriteit - verskaf deur die privaat
versekeringsmark, die gemeenskap en die familie - deur maatskaplike bystand aangevul
word.
Deel Een word gewyaan 'n ondersoek van maatskaplike versekering in Suid-Afrika -
daardie programme wat vir inkomsteverlies weens spesifieke gebeurlikhede probeer
kompenseer en wat tipies deur bydraes van werkgewers en werknemers befonds word.
Teoretiese perspektiewe op bestaansbeveiliging in die algemeen en maatskaplike
versekering in besonder word ook verskaf en argumente vir en teen die verskaffing van
bestaansbeveiliging word bespreek. Deel Twee ondersoek die reeks nie-bydraende bestaansbeveiligingsprogramme wat uit
algemene owerheidsinkomste befonds word, asook bestedingstendense in maatskaplike
bystand.
Die tesis kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat, alhoewel Suid-Afrikaanse bestaansbeveiliging
'n redelik gevorderde vlak van ontwikkeling bereik het en 'n wye reeks risiko's dek, daar
'n aantal beperkinge op verdere uitbreiding is. Maatskaplike versekeringskemas bied
uitgebreide voordele, maar lidmaatskap is tot indiensgeneemdes beperk. Uitbreiding van
dekking vereis beduidende groei in formele indiensneming, wat onwaarskynlik lyk,
gegewe huidige arbeidsmarktendense. Die verskaffing van gunstiger maatskaplike
bystandsprogramme gemik op meer gebeurlikhede word ernstig deur reeds hoë fiskale
uitgawes op welsyn en deur makroekonomiese oorweginge beperk. Verder sal
veranderende demografiese strukture, huishoudingstrukture en afhanklikheidslaste, veral
teen die agtergrond van die toename in HIVNIGS, aansprake op maatskaplike
bystandsprogramme vergroot. Gevolglik sal die informele inkomstesekuriteit gebied deur
die familie en/of gemeenskap die eerste of enigste ondersteuning vir groot dele van die
bevolking bly, totdat indiensneming genoeg uitgebrei kan word sodat meer mense tot hul
eie inkomstesekuriteit kan bydra.
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Vakbonde, loonaanpasbaarheid en werkloosheidSerfontein, Frederik Hendrik Bernardus 06 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / Suid-Afrika ondervind reeds geruime tyd hoe en stygende vlakke van werkloosheid.
Gedurende die tagtigerjare bet die opkoms van vakbonde 'n fundamentele
herstrukturering van die Suid-Afrikaanse arbeidsmark veroorsaak en die styging in
werkloosheid gedurende die tydperk word dikwels aan vakbondoptrede toegeskryf.
In die studie word verskillende oorsake van werkloosheid aan die hand van die
klassieke, Keynesiaanse, natuurlike werkloosheidskoers- en nie-versnellende-inflasiewerkloosheidskoersbenaderings
ondersoek ten einde die invloed van vakbonde en
loononaanpasbaarheid op werkloosheid te probeer bepaal. Ooreenkomste sowel as
verskille tussen die teoriee word geidentifiseer. Dit wil voorkom asof vakbonde
gedurende die tagtigerjare in Suid-Afrika deur middel van bulle invloed op
. loonverhogings 'n betreklik geringe invloed op werkloosheid gehad bet en dat
loononaanpasbaarheid geensins 'n beduidende faktor was nie. Dit blyk ook dat die
Keynesiaanse benadering die toepaslikste raamwerk hied vir die ontleding van hoe
vlakke van werkloosheid en die invloed van vakbonde daarop. · / High and rising levels of unemployment have been experienced in South Africa for
quite some time. The rise in trade union activity during the eighties caused a
fundamental restructuring of the South African labour market and the increase in
unemployment during this period is often blamed on trade union activity. In this
study the classical approach, the Keynesian approach, the natural rate of
unemployment and the non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment are used to
examine the different causes of unemployment with the purpose of assessing the
influence of trade unions and wage rigidity on the level of unemployment. Similarities
as well as differences between the theories are identified. It appears that trade unions
had a marginal effect on unemployment in South Africa during the eighties through
their influence on wage increases and that wage rigidity was not a significant cause of
unemployment during this period. The Keynesian approach seems to be the most
appropriate framework to analyse the causes of high levels of unemployment as well
as the influence of trade unions on unemployment. / Department of Economics / M. Comm (Economics)
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A legal analysis of the social security rights of domestic workers in South Africa : issues and challengesSenyolo, Matome Johannes January 2022 (has links)
Thesis (LLM. (Labour Law)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / This study discusses the legal analysis of social security rights of domestic workers
in the South African social security law. The notion social security is concerned with
the protection of individuals during the happening of certain event such as
unemployment, maternity, disability, old age, sickness, and death. For the purpose of
this study, social insurance schemes which arise from the employment relationship
will be explored. It is submitted that domestic workers like any other employees
should also be afforded social security protection as envisaged in the Constitution of
the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution). Therefore, domestic workers
must also be provided social security rights arising out of their employment. Thus,
the research process will involve thorough analysis of statutes, case law, textbooks
and scholarly articles dealing with the social security law protection afforded to
domestic workers, in particular the social insurance component of social security.
For an exceptionally long time, domestic workers have been excluded from the
formal employment sector, which followed that they were automatically excluded
from social security protection. Despite section 9 of the Constitution, this espouses
non-discrimination and equal treatment of all the workers in South Africa. To this
end, there is no comprehensive social security system in South Africa that is capable
of providing adequate social protection to domestic workers. For example, most
domestic workers have no pension fund, and some are not registered with
Unemployment Insurance fund and Compensation for Injuries and Diseases
schemes.
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