京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第20868号 / 経博第563号 / 新制||経||283(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)教授 西山 慶彦, 准教授 山田 憲, 准教授 高野 久紀 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DGAM

Large scale crises require collaboration between a multitude of actors and power imbalances can hinder effective collaboration in times when rapidity and effectiveness is crucial. Using the theory of collaborative advantage, this thesis aimed to analyse individuals’ experiences of collaboration between uniformed and non-uniformed crisis management actors in Sweden. This study is empirically based on 14 semi-structured interviews with representatives from six different actors. The results illustrate how factors such as structures, the uniform, language, trust and relationships, and education, training, and exercise are essential to collaboration between uniformed and non-uniformed actors. The study concludes that uniforms, language, and knowledge and trust affect collaboration and is a source to power imbalances. However, through joint education, training, and exercises and an understanding of each actors’ needs, mandates, and structures, power imbalances may be mitigated and collaboration successful. / Storskaliga kriser kräver samverkan mellan en mängd aktörer och maktobalanser kan hindra effektiv samverkan i situationer då snabbhet och effektivitet är avgörande. Denna uppsats analyserar genom theory of collaborative advantage individers upplevelser av samverkan mellan uniformerade och icke-uniformerade krishanteringsaktörer i Sverige. Denna studie är empiriskt baserad på 14 semistrukturerade intervjuer med representanter från sex olika aktörer. Resultaten illustrerar hur faktorer som strukturer, uniform, språk, tillit och relationer samt utbildning, träning och övning är väsentliga för effektiv samverkan mellan uniformerade och icke-uniformerade aktörer. Studien drar slutsatsen att uniformer, språk, kunskap och tillit påverkar samverkan och är en källa till maktobalanser. Maktobalanser kan hanteras genom gemensam utbildning, träning och övningar och en förståelse för varje aktörs behov, mandat och strukturer och leda till framgångsrik samverkan.

This study aims to explore the perceived value and effect of symbols worn in the military. Since uniforms create uniformity, symbols are one of the few ways individuals can distinguish themselves. These symbols hold more value than just a piece of fabric which serves a practical purpose. Within the Swedish armed forces, this has given rise not only to debates but also incidents regarding the trials in which these symbols are earnt. However, contemporary research on the topic remains limited. Through an interpretive applied-theory approach, using Anthony King's theory as a framework for analyzing empirical data collected from interviews with officers and cadets within the French foreign legion, army, special forces, and infantry several discoveries were made.  Symbols used beyond organizational necessity could be linked to both positive effects such as cohesion, trust, motivation, and pride, as well as negative effects such as shame, exclusion, and prejudice. The study indicates that symbols are often valued based on two concepts: distinction and difficulty in obtaining it. By better understanding the case in the French army, the study contributes to existing research by providing an outline of the area for continued research and a clearer way forward for practical applications of symbols in the military.

This thesis uses the uniform of the Stó:lō First Nation’s Lower Fraser Fishing Authority as a cultural, material item to inform and discuss Indigenous-Crown relationships, the history of the community the object belongs to, and the meaning that the object holds for that community. I use the uniform to argue that a single object can hold complex and contradictory meanings that can inform cultural history and relationships. This thesis adds to the historiography of the use of artifacts as an object of study, the history of the Lower Fraser Fishing Authority, and also larger discussions of Indigenous-Crown relationships in Canada. / Graduate

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Quantification and prediction of capillary fluid flow in planar nanochannels is essential to the development of many emerging nanofluidic technologies. Planar nanochannels are typically produced using the standard nanofabrication processes of thermal bonding or sacrificial etching. Both approaches may yield nanochannels that are bowed and/or exhibit non-uniform (i.e. non-planar) wall spacing. These variations in wall spacing affect the transient dynamics of a liquid plug filling the nanochannel, causing deviations from the classical behavior in a parallel-plate channel as described by the Washburn model. Non uniform wall spacing impacts the overall frictional resistance and influences the meniscus curvature. In this thesis, a new analytical model that predicts the meniscus location over time in micro- and nanochannels as a function of channel height was compared to experimental filling data of well-characterized channels with different heights. The wall-to-wall spacing of the utilized nanochannels exhibited height variations between 60 and 300 nm. The model was also validated with microscale channels that were fabricated with a linear variation in the wall-to-wall spacing from 100 µm to 400 µm. The filling speed and meniscus shape during the filling process were determined by dynamic imaging of the meniscus front for several different liquids. A modified Washburn equation that utilizes an effective channel height to predict the filling speed corresponding to the location of the tallest height within a channel was derived. A model was also developed to predict the meniscus distortion encountered in a non-constant height channel, provided the cross-sectional channel heights and the distance from the channel entrance are known. The models developed herein account for induced transverse pressure gradients created by non-constant channel heights. The models are compared to experimental data derived from both nanoscale and microscale channels with good qualitative agreement. These results demonstrate that the capillary flow in nanochannels with non-parallel-plate, linear tapered, or parabolic cross sections can be predicted.