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The subject of this dissertation is trends in family formation among highly educated men and women in Sweden. The highly educated have typically differed from other educational groups in their patterns of childbearing. This has particularly been the case for highly educated women, who used to be in the minority among the highly educated and who were much more likely to be childless than other women. The goal of this dissertation is to understand how the expansion of higher education has transformed  the formation of childbearing unions among the highly educated group. The context for the dissertation is the dramatic expansion of higher education which has occurred in Sweden over the last half century. As the share of cohorts graduating from post-secondary education has grown, diversity among the highly educated has also increased. This dissertation draws upon rich Swedish administrative register data to answer questions about changes in the behavior of the highly educated group, as well as emerging stratification within the group. This dissertation consists of five studies and an introductory chapter. In Study 1, we examine changes in geographical distances between young couples and their parents. We find that among younger cohorts, generations live further apart. The expansion of higher education contributes to these distances, though the introduction of regional colleges has mediated the impact of educational expansion to some extent. In Study 2, we consider how effective colleges are as partner markets. We follow one birth cohort (1970), and examine the likelihood that they form a childbearing union with someone who attended the same university at the same time. We find that colleges are an important potential meeting place for childbearing partners, and examine how the likelihood of partnering with a fellow student is related to the college composition. In Study 3, I assess changes in partner choice among the highly educated, by comparing the likelihood that highly educated men and women born in 1940-2, 1950-2, 1960-2, and 1970-2 form a childbearing union, and whether they do so with a highly or a lower educated partner. I find that female graduates are much more likely to enter unions, and to “partner down”. Men’s likelihood of forming a childbearing union hasn’t changed across cohorts, but men from later cohorts are much more likely to find a highly educated partner than men from earlier cohorts. I show that partnership outcomes for graduates are related to social class background, university experience (degree length and institution type), and post-graduation income. In Study 4, we study unions with at least one highly educated partner, including men and women born in 1950-2, 1960-2, 1970-2, and 1980-2. We examine the extent to which educational (in)equality is mirrored in other measures of status such as social class background, income, and occupational prestige. We conclude that although the number of women “partnering down” in terms of education has increased dramatically, these unions are not necessarily characterized by female status-dominance more generally. In Study 5, I focus on highly educated men who do not form any childbearing union, studying men born in the years 1945-1974. I find that the consistent levels of childlessness among highly educated men may best be explained by changes in the composition of graduates in terms of field of study and post-graduation income. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript. Paper 5: Manuscript.</p>

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La tesi analizza e riflette, criticamente e metodicamente, sulla base di precisi contenuti bibliografici, in merito a quanto l'Unione Europea ha proposto, e continua a prospettare, per ciascuno dei propri cittadini nel complesso settore formativo, educativo e didattico. La matrice della riflessione, e della conseguente azione, è data dal celeberrimo Vertice di Lisbona del marzo del 2000, in cui ciascuno degli Stati membri si impegnò affinché l'Unione Europea potesse diventare, nell'intervallo di tempo intercorrente fra il 2000 ed il 2010, "l'economia della conoscenza più forte e competitiva nel mondo". La sottolineatura relativa all'incremento del "capitale umano" e del "capitale sociale" ritorna con insistente frequenza nella maggior parte dei documenti relativi al patto formativo complessivo nella Comunità Europea. Ciò dà adito ad un corollario di riflessioni che vertono di volta in volta sull'introduzione sempre più massiccia delle Tecnologie dell'Informazione e della Comunicazione; sulla conoscenza di almeno due lingue straniere; sul collegamento sinergico fra il mondo del lavoro ed il mondo della formazione; sull'educazione lungo l'intero corso della vita; sul monitoraggio continuo della qualità dell'istruzione; sulla riforma dei curricola; sulla costruzione delle competenze, per fare solo pochi esempi. I valori che, conseguentemente, non solo in campo formativo ma anche in campo lavorativo, appaiono fondamentali, sono legati alla competitività, alla flessibilità, al cambiamento, all'adattabilità, all'apprezzamento delle eccellenze, all'innovazione ed all'imprenditorialità, considerate indispensabili in un contesto caratterizzato dalla globalizzazione. / The present degree thesis analyses and thinks over, critically and methodically, on the bases of careful bibliographical contents, the proposals that European Union has made, and is still making, for everyone of its citizens in the complicated field of formation, education and didactics. The matrix of reflection, and of the following action, has been realized by the famous Meeting of Lisbon in March 2000, during that every one of the member States committed themselves in order that European Union became, in the period between 2000 and 2010, the strongest and the most competitive economy of knowledge in the world". The underlining concerning the increase of "human capital" and of "social capital" comes back with insistent frequency in the most of documents about the overall formative agreement in European Community. It brings to a corollary of reflections in the direction, time after time, of an ever more massive introduction of Technology of Information and Communication; of the knowledge of two languages at least, of the synergistic connection between the world of work and the world of formation; of the education along the whole course of life; of the continuous monitoring of education quality; of the reformation of curricula; of the skills construction, just to bring few examples. The values that, consequently, not only in the formation field but also in the work field, seem to be essential, are connected with competitiveness, flexibility, change, adaptability, appreciation of excellence, innovation and entrepreneurship, esteemed necessary in a context characterized by globalization.

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