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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Contribuição ao estudo das características morfológicas da maxila e incisivos centrais superiores em indivíduos com oclusão normal com vistas ao diagnóstico e planejamento / Contribution to the study of morphological characteristics of the maxilla and the upper central incisors in individuals with normal occlusion aiming diagnosis and planning

Lino, Alael Barreiro Fernandes de Paiva 18 April 2008 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as características morfológicas da maxila e dos incisivos centrais superiores em relação às dimensões e posicionamento de ambos e verificar as inter-relações entre as variáveis obtidas. A amostra foi constituída de 32 telerradiografias em norma frontal, 32 em norma lateral e 32 modelos ortodônticos em gesso de 32 indivíduos leucodermas, de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 12 anos completos a 17 anos e 1 mês, na dentição permanente, portadores de oclusão dentária normal, residentes na cidade de São Paulo, sem tratamento ortodôntico e todos filhos de brasileiros. Toda amostra foi escaneada e digitalizada, e os dados gerados foram em seguida exportados para programas de análises computadorizados nos quais foram definidas grandezas lineares e angulares diretamente sobre a amostra digitalizada. Os valores obtidos foram repetidos, pelo mesmo operador, com um intervalo mínimo de 15 dias entre as medidas com o objetivo de avaliar o erro do método. Os resultados mostraram compatibilidade com as estimativas de erros operacionais. Inicialmente cada exame foi estudado separadamente e num segundo momento analisadas as diferenças entre os gêneros e os dados correlacionados. Após análise estatística e interpretação dos resultados verificou-se na telerradiografia lateral, que a posição do incisivo central superior pode ser determinada de acordo com as variações anatômicas da maxila observadas no sentido ântero-posterior estando o ápice relacionado com a crista nasal da maxila e a borda incisal e cervical com a espinha nasal anterior. No estudo da telerradiografia frontal, encontrou-se resultados semelhantes, na largura da maxila, aos padrões de normalidade. Na avaliação dos modelos ortodônticos digitalizados, verificou-se a influência dos planos de referência na determinação da inclinação vestíbulo-lingual da face vestibular dos incisivos centrais superiores. Foram observadas pequenas diferenças entre algumas grandezas, quando os gêneros foram comparados. Nesta pesquisa, foram correlacionados os dados obtidos nos exames complementares e encontrou-se diversas associações estatisticamente significativas entre as grandezas esqueléticas e dentárias confirmando a tendência de proporcionalidade. Todas estas foram submetidas à análise de regressão linear que gerou equações das variações. Com a finalidade de contribuir ao diagnóstico e planejamento, pode-se afirmar que a posição e dimensão mésio-distal dos incisivos centrais superiores podem ser determinadas individualmente a partir das grandezas intrínsecas da maxila. / The objective of this work was to analyze the morphological characteristics of the maxilla and the upper central incisors in relation to the dimensions and positioning of both and to verify the inter relations between the obtained variables. The sample was made up of 32 posteroanterior radiographs (PA), 32 lateral head radiographs and 32 orthodontic models in plaster of 32 white individuals of both genders in the age group of completed 12 years to 17 years and one month, with permanent dentition and normal dental occlusion, residing in Sao Paulo City, who have Brazilian parents and have not had orthodontic treatment. All samples were scanned and digitalized, and the generated data were exported to computerized analysis programs, in which linear and angular values were defined directly over the digitalized sample. The obtained values were repeated, by the same operator, with a minimum interval of 15 days between measurements with the objective of evaluate the error in the method. The results showed compatibility with the estimates of operational errors. Initially every exam was studied separately and in a second moment the differences between genders and the correlated data were analyzed. After the statistical analysis and the interpretation of the results, it was verified in the lateral head radiographs, that the position of the upper central incisor can be determined according to the anatomic variations of the maxilla observed in the anteropoterior position, the apex being related to the nasal crest of the maxilla and the incisal and cervical edge being related to the anterior nasal spine. In the study of posteroanterior head radiographs, it was found similar results to the normality patterns, in the width of the maxilla. In the evaluation of the digitalized orthodontic models, the influence of planes of reference was verified in the determination of the labiobuccal inclination of labial surface of the upper central incisors. Small differences between some values were observed, when genders were compared. In this research, the obtained data in the complementary exams were correlated and found several statistically significant associations between dental and skeletal values, confirming the tendency of proportionality. All these associations were submitted to the analysis of linear regression which produced equations of variation. With the purpose of contributing to the diagnosis and planning can be affirmed that the position and mesiodistal dimension of the upper central incisors can be individually determined starting from the intrinsic values of the maxilla.
2

Contribuição ao estudo das características morfológicas da maxila e incisivos centrais superiores em indivíduos com oclusão normal com vistas ao diagnóstico e planejamento / Contribution to the study of morphological characteristics of the maxilla and the upper central incisors in individuals with normal occlusion aiming diagnosis and planning

Alael Barreiro Fernandes de Paiva Lino 18 April 2008 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as características morfológicas da maxila e dos incisivos centrais superiores em relação às dimensões e posicionamento de ambos e verificar as inter-relações entre as variáveis obtidas. A amostra foi constituída de 32 telerradiografias em norma frontal, 32 em norma lateral e 32 modelos ortodônticos em gesso de 32 indivíduos leucodermas, de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 12 anos completos a 17 anos e 1 mês, na dentição permanente, portadores de oclusão dentária normal, residentes na cidade de São Paulo, sem tratamento ortodôntico e todos filhos de brasileiros. Toda amostra foi escaneada e digitalizada, e os dados gerados foram em seguida exportados para programas de análises computadorizados nos quais foram definidas grandezas lineares e angulares diretamente sobre a amostra digitalizada. Os valores obtidos foram repetidos, pelo mesmo operador, com um intervalo mínimo de 15 dias entre as medidas com o objetivo de avaliar o erro do método. Os resultados mostraram compatibilidade com as estimativas de erros operacionais. Inicialmente cada exame foi estudado separadamente e num segundo momento analisadas as diferenças entre os gêneros e os dados correlacionados. Após análise estatística e interpretação dos resultados verificou-se na telerradiografia lateral, que a posição do incisivo central superior pode ser determinada de acordo com as variações anatômicas da maxila observadas no sentido ântero-posterior estando o ápice relacionado com a crista nasal da maxila e a borda incisal e cervical com a espinha nasal anterior. No estudo da telerradiografia frontal, encontrou-se resultados semelhantes, na largura da maxila, aos padrões de normalidade. Na avaliação dos modelos ortodônticos digitalizados, verificou-se a influência dos planos de referência na determinação da inclinação vestíbulo-lingual da face vestibular dos incisivos centrais superiores. Foram observadas pequenas diferenças entre algumas grandezas, quando os gêneros foram comparados. Nesta pesquisa, foram correlacionados os dados obtidos nos exames complementares e encontrou-se diversas associações estatisticamente significativas entre as grandezas esqueléticas e dentárias confirmando a tendência de proporcionalidade. Todas estas foram submetidas à análise de regressão linear que gerou equações das variações. Com a finalidade de contribuir ao diagnóstico e planejamento, pode-se afirmar que a posição e dimensão mésio-distal dos incisivos centrais superiores podem ser determinadas individualmente a partir das grandezas intrínsecas da maxila. / The objective of this work was to analyze the morphological characteristics of the maxilla and the upper central incisors in relation to the dimensions and positioning of both and to verify the inter relations between the obtained variables. The sample was made up of 32 posteroanterior radiographs (PA), 32 lateral head radiographs and 32 orthodontic models in plaster of 32 white individuals of both genders in the age group of completed 12 years to 17 years and one month, with permanent dentition and normal dental occlusion, residing in Sao Paulo City, who have Brazilian parents and have not had orthodontic treatment. All samples were scanned and digitalized, and the generated data were exported to computerized analysis programs, in which linear and angular values were defined directly over the digitalized sample. The obtained values were repeated, by the same operator, with a minimum interval of 15 days between measurements with the objective of evaluate the error in the method. The results showed compatibility with the estimates of operational errors. Initially every exam was studied separately and in a second moment the differences between genders and the correlated data were analyzed. After the statistical analysis and the interpretation of the results, it was verified in the lateral head radiographs, that the position of the upper central incisor can be determined according to the anatomic variations of the maxilla observed in the anteropoterior position, the apex being related to the nasal crest of the maxilla and the incisal and cervical edge being related to the anterior nasal spine. In the study of posteroanterior head radiographs, it was found similar results to the normality patterns, in the width of the maxilla. In the evaluation of the digitalized orthodontic models, the influence of planes of reference was verified in the determination of the labiobuccal inclination of labial surface of the upper central incisors. Small differences between some values were observed, when genders were compared. In this research, the obtained data in the complementary exams were correlated and found several statistically significant associations between dental and skeletal values, confirming the tendency of proportionality. All these associations were submitted to the analysis of linear regression which produced equations of variation. With the purpose of contributing to the diagnosis and planning can be affirmed that the position and mesiodistal dimension of the upper central incisors can be individually determined starting from the intrinsic values of the maxilla.
3

Validation d’une méthode qualitative pour évaluer l’inclinaison de l’incisive supérieure sur téléradiographies de profil

Nammour, Caroline 04 1900 (has links)
Some orthodontics clinicians apply an empirical method to evaluate the anteroposterior inclination of the upper incisor, in order to visually and qualitatively assess its inclination. It consists in projecting the prolongation of the upper incisor’s axis in relation to the cephalometric point Orbitale (Or) without referring to the conventional cephalometric measures related to the upper incisor. However, this method does not have a scientific basis due to the lack of studies conducted to demonstrate it. Aim: To validate the new measurement I-Or as a reliable method to classify the sagittal inclination of the upper incisor. Method: A total of 305 cephalometric radiographs were selected and classified into three incisor groups: proclined, retroclined, and normal. Cephalometric analyses were performed using standard measures of upper incisor inclination such as I/FH angle, I/NA angle, I/SN angle, and I- NA distance (mm). The shortest distance between the extension of the incisor axis with the Golden point (I-Or) was measured and compared with the I/FH measurement (angle), which was considered the conventional standard to determine the classification of the incisor inclination in this study. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in I-Or values between the 3 groups identified by standard measurement I/FH (p<0.001). I-Or cut-off values of incisors having a normal inclination varied between +2 mm and -4 mm. Conclusion: I-Or is a reliable reference to determine the upper incisor’s inclination in 73% of the cases selected in this study. The sagittal position of the maxilla, the deflection of the incisor axis and cephalometric tracing errors would play a major role in the 27% of cases for which the measurement is not reliable. / Certains cliniciens orthodontistes appliquent une méthode empirique d’observation de l’inclinaison antéro postérieure de l’incisive supérieure, afin d’évaluer visuellement et de façon qualitative son inclinaison. Cette méthode consiste à projeter l’axe de l’incisive par rapport au point céphalométrique Orbitale (Or), et ceci, sans avoir recours au tracé céphalométrique incluant les mesures conventionnelles se rapportant à l’incisive supérieure. Or, cette méthode n’a aucun fondement scientifique en raison de l’absence d’études réalisées pour la démontrer. But : Valider la nouvelle mesure I-Or comme une méthode fiable pour classer l'inclinaison sagittale de l'incisive supérieure. Matériel et Méthodes : Un total de 305 radiographies céphalométriques a été sélectionné et classé en trois groupes d’incisives : proclinées, rétroclinées et normales. Les analyses céphalométriques ont été effectuées en utilisant les mesures standards d’inclinaison de l’incisive supérieure telles que I/FH angle, I/NA angle, I/SN angle et la distance I- NA (mm). La plus courte distance entre le prolongement de l’axe de l’incisive avec le point Or (I-Or) a été mesurée et comparée à la mesure I/FH (angle) qui a été considérée le standard conventionnel pour déterminer la classification de l’inclinaison de l’incisive dans cette étude. Résultats : Il y a une différence statistiquement significative des valeurs I-Or entre les 3 groupes identifiés par la mesure standard I/FH (p<0,001). Les valeurs seuils I-Or des incisives à inclinaison normale étaient de +2 mm et de -4 mm. Conclusion : I-Or est une référence fiable pour déterminer l'inclinaison de l'incisive supérieure dans 73% des cas sélectionnés dans cette étude. La position sagittale du maxillaire, la déflexion de l’axe de l’incisive et les erreurs de traçage céphalométrique joueraient un rôle majeur dans les 27% des cas pour lesquels la mesure n’est pas fiable.

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