Les usages politiques du passé de la Résistance sont au cœur de cette thèse. Cette recherche n’entend donc pas se centrer sur la Résistance au sens strict, mais sur les formes d’instrumentalisation de ce passé, au sein d’un groupe : le Parti Communiste Français. Parmi les passés choisis par le PCF, la Résistance occupe une place déterminante, en raison du réel engagement communiste dans l’armée des ombres, ainsi qu’en raison du brevet de patriotisme qu’elle offrait à une formation créditée d’une fidélité aveugle à Moscou. La participation des communistes à l’épopée résistante leur a permis de reconquérir de la crédibilité et de consolider leur position dans un espace public où ils risquaient d’être disqualifiés en raison des positions adoptées par le parti en 1939-1941. La pluralité des significations attachées à ce passé et la fluidité des interprétations attribuées ont permis l’adaptation à la réalité dans laquelle agissaient les communistes. Ainsi, il a été possible de répondre aux objectifs divers que s’assignait le PCF. La période étudiée s’ouvre en 1944, avec la libération d’une grande partie du territoire français, même si la guerre n’est alors pas finie. L’étude s’achève avec l’année 1974, date significative que signale le XXXème anniversaire de la Libération dans le contexte national de la fin des Trente Glorieuses. / The political exploitation of its involvement in the resistance movement is the subject of this thesis. The objective of this study is not the Resistance per se but how it was used for political purposes by the French Communist Party. The Resistance is an essential period for the FCP not only because of its real involvement in the Resistance movement but also because this involvement was used to hide its blind alliance to Moscow. The involvement of the FCP in the Resistance allowed it to regain credibility and to strengthen its position in despite the errors committed between 1939 and 1941. The multiple interpretations and exploitations of its involvement in the Resistance were adapted by the party according to its political objectives and needs in any given moment. The historical period of this research begin in 1944 with the Liberation and ends in 1974, the 30th Anniversary of this date.

Submitted by Suemi Higuchi (suemi.higuchi@fgv.br) on 2010-10-06T13:50:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CPDOC2010AlineSantosPortilho.pdf: 3428135 bytes, checksum: 1ca16487a35a9370885187a9327475c0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suemi Higuchi(suemi.higuchi@fgv.br) on 2010-10-06T13:50:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CPDOC2010AlineSantosPortilho.pdf: 3428135 bytes, checksum: 1ca16487a35a9370885187a9327475c0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-10-06T18:09:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CPDOC2010AlineSantosPortilho.pdf: 3428135 bytes, checksum: 1ca16487a35a9370885187a9327475c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-21 / This work aims to analyze the process of 'patrimonializacao da Uniao Nacional dos Estudantes' promoted in the articulation of memory and amends, summon elements of the institution past, especially events occurred in the old building where toke place their headquarter, in the present knew as 'UNE land', at Praia do Flamengo, 132. Its objective is understand how the militants, in the general frame of their search to revert a lack of institutional political capital, promote the reconversion of UNE symbolic capital, more ample, in political capital, more specific, powerfully the institution in the political arena again. Decurrently of that, I identified a process named patrimonialização da UNE, that is, an action to make the UNE recognized as part of the Brazilian heritage rhetorical. I search to adopt both, a diachronic and sinchronic method. At the first time, was necessary to contemplate the student institution actions were toke place in the UNE building throughout the time to later investigate the ways how this past acts were recouped and used in the present political arena. Firstly the legal acts evolving the building - land were analyzed towards to reconstruct one history to the UNE action in that place. Leave of it, I searched understand the usage of this past by the present agents promoted by the realization of cultural projects and in the process of elaboration and institution of the Law 12.260/2010, which recognize the State responsibility to the acts occurred in the Praia do Flamengo building during the military regime indemnify institution as amend. So, is in the joint of the both camps, the politic and the culture that developed the process which in this work I searched to investigate. / O presente trabalho visa analisar o processo de patrimonialização da União Nacional dos Estudantes, promovido na articulação de memória e reparação, mobilizando elementos do passado da instituição, especialmente os eventos ocorridos no antigo prédio de sua sede, no presente momento conhecido como 'terreno da UNE', na Praia do Flamengo, 132. Tem como objetivo entender como os militantes, no quadro geral de busca por reverter um processo de esvaziamento de capital político da instituição, promovem a reconversão de seu capital simbólico, mais amplo, em capital político, mais específico, potencializando-a novamente no campo político. Decorrente disso se identifica um processo a que foi nomeado patrimonialização da UNE, ou seja, a ação de reconhecê-la como elemento pertencente à retórica do patrimônio cultural brasileiro. Buscou-se adotar uma abordagem diacrônica e sincrônica. No primeiro momento, foi preciso dar conta das ações da entidade estudantil, que tiveram lugar no 'prédio da UNE', ao longo do tempo para, posteriormente, perscrutar as maneiras como estes atos do passado foram recuperados e instrumentalizados no jogo político do presente. Foram analisados, primeiramente, os atos legais que envolveram o prédio/terreno, a fim de reconstruir uma história para a atuação da UNE naquele espaço. A partir desta se procurou entender os usos deste passado pelos agentes do presente, promovidos por meio da realização de projetos culturais e do processo de elaboração e instituição da Lei 12.260/2010, que reconhece a responsabilidade do Estado pelos atos ocorridos no prédio da Praia do Flamengo durante o regime militar e indeniza a instituição como forma de reparação. Assim, é na imbricação dos campos da política e da cultura que se desenvolve o processo que neste trabalho se procurou investigar.