Les dernières réformes de la procédure pénale, telles que les lois relatives à la garde à vue ou à la participation des citoyens à la justice pénale et au jugement des mineurs, constituent autant d'illustrations qui témoignent de l'évolution de la procédure pénale. Néanmoins, que faut-il entendre réellement par le terme « réforme » ou encore quelle différence existe t-il entre une réforme et une loi ? Aucun élément de réponse ne peut être efficacement apporté au regard de l'état du droit positif. En conséquence, l'objet de cette étude est de proposer une définition juridique de la réforme de la procédure pénale. Ceci permettra de mettre un terme à la confusion qui règne en la matière et d'offrir aux règles de la procédure pénale des qualités formelles et substantielles. Particulièrement, la réforme doit être une norme juridique adéquate, provoquée, mesurée, concertée et consentie et respecter le principe d'utilité juridique. Ces caractéristiques constituent la clé de la qualification de la réforme. Elles participent également à la qualité de celle-ci, et par voie de conséquence, à la qualité de la procédure pénale, objet de la réforme. / The last reforms in criminal procedure, such as the new police custody legislation or the one about citizen participation in criminal justice and in minors' judgment, represent as many illustrations which testify of the evolution of criminal procedure. However, how can we really understand the term “reform” or moreover, what is the difference between reform and legislation? No efficient answer can be exposed as regards substantive law. Consequently, the object of the present study is to propose a legal definition of the reform of criminal procedure. It will enable to put an end to the existing confusion on the subject and finally to bring some formal and substantial qualities to the rules concerning criminal procedure. Particularly, the reform has to be an adequate, provoked, measured, concerted and granted legal norm, and has to respect the legal utility principle. These characteristics are the keys to the legal definition of the reform. They also contribute to the quality of the legal definition, thus in the quality of the criminal procedure which is the object of the reform.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Cristina Otaviani.pdf: 615650 bytes, checksum: 4c9d9c3902d84331c8dbc12d1e50b905 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) was na English philosopher who wrote about how human actions should be treated. He believed only two sovereign masters should govern us all. Pleasure and pain should tell us what is right and what is wrong. Bentham thought that every man seeks actions to maximize pleasure and diminish pain. The author believed that human actions could be treated in a scientific fashion. To his objective, he proposed a moral science and, as a criteria to measure the masters which manage human actions Bentham developed a theory to quantify pleasure and pain. Such calculus will be presented in this paper in a manner to verify its characteristics. Hereby, we will demonstrate how science and art were understood by the author, as well as, his thoughts regarding logic, language and how knowledge has been perceived by man / Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) foi um filósofo inglês que viveu durante os séculos XVIII e XIX e escreveu sobre como as ações humanas deveriam ser tratadas. Ele acreditava que somente duas forças deveriam dizer o que devemos ou não fazer. Essas forças, segundo o autor eram: o prazer e a dor. Todo homem, para Bentham, busca ações que maximizem o prazer ou diminuam a dor. O autor acreditava que as ações humanas podiam ser tratadas de maneira cientifica. Para alcançar tal objetivo ele propôs uma ciência da moral e, como critério para medir as forças que governam as ações humanas, Bentham desenvolveu um modo de mensurar o prazer e a dor. Iremos nesse trabalho expor como o autor propôs tal cálculo, buscando verificar quais eram suas características. Para isso, faremos uma apresentação de como o autor entendia ciência e arte e das suas idéias acerca da lógica, da linguagem e de como o autor acreditava que o conhecimento seria adquirido pelo homem