Hydroware Elevation Technology AB sells control and regulation equipment for hydraulic elevators. The company now wants to investigate the possibility of changing their present softstarters to frequency inverters to supply power to their pump engines. They also want to investigate the possibility of future use in so called ”intelligent” houses. The purpose of this report is to investigate these possibilities.

<p>Hydroware Elevation Technology AB sells control and regulation equipment for hydraulic elevators. The company now wants to investigate the possibility of changing their present softstarters to frequency inverters to supply power to their pump engines. They also want to investigate the possibility of future use in so called ”intelligent” houses.</p><p>The purpose of this report is to investigate these possibilities.</p>

Economic barriers remain an obstacle to ensuring that children in the United States are protected against vaccine-preventable diseases. Disparities persist despite programs in place to alleviate them, such as the Vaccines for Children program, which provides free vaccines for eligible children. Using data from the 2010 National Immunization Survey, this study addresses whether insurance status has an impact on immunization uptake by investigating associations between vaccine receipt and insurance type, VFC eligibility, and insurance continuity. Logistic regression was performed using possible important factors suggested in the literature. Among children in the national sample, results showed strong associations between up-to-date immunization status and insurance type, VFC eligibility, and insurance continuity, suggesting that additional steps must be taken to alleviate disparities in vaccine receipt. Regression analysis showed child’s age group, insurance continuity, and number of vaccine providers to be the strongest predictors of up-to-date status among children in the national sample.

Au cours des années 1980, il y a été prouvé que l’étude de la variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque (VFC) permet d’estimer de façon non invasive l’activité du système nerveux autonome. Plus spécifiquement, de nombreux travaux démontrent que des enregistrements réguliers de la VFC peuvent rendre compte de la capacité d’adaptation d’un athlète à l’entraînement mais également de son état de fatigue. Bien que plusieurs auteurs suggèrent d’utiliser cet outil directement sur le terrain, il semblerait que l’absence de méthodologie commune et unifiée rende parfois difficile l’interprétation des résultats. Par conséquent, les travaux de recherche présentés au sein de ce manuscrit suivent avant tout une orientation méthodologique avec, néanmoins, une finalité pratique. Une première étude s’intéresse au ratio Basses fréquences/hautes fréquences (LF/HF) qui est communément utilisé comme marqueur de la fatigue. Nos résultats démontrent que chez les athlètes, ce ratio est avant tout modulé par la fréquence de respiration du sujet et que, contrairement à ce qui est couramment admis, une valeur supérieure à quatre ne traduit pas forcément un état de surentraînement. La seconde étude compare l’évolution quotidienne des différents marqueurs de VFC pendant 21 jours de suivi d’athlètes dans deux situations différentes : un enregistrement réalisé en respiration libre et un autre en respiration contrôlée. Nous avons constaté que les marqueurs RMSSD et SD1 suivent exactement les mêmes tendances quel que soit la méthode de respiration. A l’inverse, nos résultats démontrent une nouvelle fois que les indices fréquentiels sont avant tout modulés par la fréquence de respiration de l’individu. La troisième étude s’intéresse à une nouvelle méthode d’évaluation de la charge d’entraînement à l’aide de la VFC. Basée sur trois enregistrements qui intègrent à la fois les perturbations homéostatiques générées par la séance et la vitesse de réactivation parasympathique, la formule proposée permet de quantifier objectivement la charge d’entraînement dans des conditions de terrain. Les fortes interactions qui existent entre la VFC et l’entraînement nous encouragent à poursuivre notre démarche d’investigation pour utiliser cet outil dans le but d’individualiser et d’optimiser la planification d’entraînement des athlètes / During the 1980s, it was demonstrated that studying heart rate variability (HRV) makes it possible to estimate the activity of the autonomic nervous system noninvasively. More specifically, many works showed that regular recording of HRV can be used to monitor an athlete’s capacity to adapt to training and their fatigue. Although several authors have suggested using this tool directly in the field, it appears that the lack of a common and uniform methodology sometimes makes it difficult to interpret results. Therefore the research presented in this manuscript follows a methodological tendency with, nonetheless, a practical objective. The first study focuses on the Low Frequency/High Frequency (LF/HF) ratio commonly used as a fatigue indicator. Our results show that in athletes, this ratio is above all modulated by the subject’s respiratory rate and that, contrary to what is currently accepted, a value higher than four does not necessarily express a state of overtraining. The second study compares the daily evolution of different HRV markers over 21 days monitoring of athletes in two different situations: recording of spontaneous breathing and of controlled respiration. We observed that RMSSD and SD1 markers follow precisely the same trends whatever the breathing method. Conversely, our results show once again that rate indexes are above all modulated by an individual’s breathing frequency. The third study focuses on a new HRV-based method for evaluating training load. Based on three recordings that include both the homeostatic disturbances generated by the session and the speed of parasympathetic reactivation, the method proposed permits objectively quantifying training load under field conditions. The strong interactions existing between HRV and training encourage us to continue our investigative approach and use this tool to individualize and optimize athletes’ training programs

This thesis includes three topics. The first topic is a low-variation 1 MHz clock generator. The second one is a high sensitivity linear voltage-to-frequency converter. The last one is a high-PSR bias circuit for NTSC SYNC separation. All of the circuits can be applied to related consumer electronic products. The low-variation 1 MHz clock generator includes a bias circuit which automatically compensates the drifting caused by temperature variations. Furthermore, the circuit contains neither BJTs nor diodes to reduce the area cost. The frequency variation is measured to be less than 2.55\% in the range of 0¢J~90¢J. The high sensitivity linear voltage-to-frequency converter is mainly constructed by a window comparator[11]. We analyze and improve the performance of accuracy to achieve both high accuracy and high sensitivity. The accuracy error is less than 1% and sensitivity is 84 KHz/V in the voltage range of 0.1V~0.8V. The high-PSR bias circuit for NTSC SYNC Separation is implemented by a bandgap reference which is controlled by a feedback loop to reduce the interference of the environment. The measurement variation of the bandgap reference is less than 1\% when the variation of power supply is 10\%. The sensitivity of the bandgap reference to temperature is measured to be 0.0006V/¢J.

Submitted by Renata Alves De Paula (medvetrenata@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-12T10:32:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Texto completo .pdf: 1611384 bytes, checksum: f6e1b93fde62170229cda125f7fbea46 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Pizzani null (luciana@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-07-13T18:50:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 paula_ra_me_bot.pdf: 1611384 bytes, checksum: f6e1b93fde62170229cda125f7fbea46 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-13T18:50:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 paula_ra_me_bot.pdf: 1611384 bytes, checksum: f6e1b93fde62170229cda125f7fbea46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-06 / A equinocultura encontra-se em constante crescimento e por isso há um maior interesse em estudos científicos que favoreçam a relação homem animal garantindo consequentemente o bem-estar animal. Discussões são cada vez mais frequentes, envolvendo não só as formas de criação como também as práticas as quais são submetidos. A feromonioterapia é uma nova alternativa que vem sendo estudada a fim de tranquilizar e reduzir os problemas relacionados ao medo, ansiedade e fobia e limitando as manifestações do sistema nervoso autônomo e consequentemente o estresse a esses animais. Para tanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) de equinos submetidos ao tratamento com Feromônio Materno Equino (FME) durante o procedimento de casqueamento. Foram avaliados 20 potros, com idade média de vinte e quatro meses, machos e fêmeas sem experiência prévia ao casqueamento que foram divididos em dois grupos (A e B) onde um deles recebeu tratamento com FME e o outro placebo (excipiente sem o princípio ativo), considerado randomizado e duplo-cego. Os parâmetros avaliados foram frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (FR), glicemia, VFC e análise de reações comportamentais. O exame clínico foi avaliado em dois momentos sendo: M1 (20 minutos previamente ao casqueamento) e M2 (20 minutos após o casqueamento). Já a VFC, foi avaliada nos momentos pré, trans e pós casqueamento. Os resultados demonstraram que não houve diferenças estatísticas dos parâmetros clínicos avaliados (FC, FR e glicemia) em comparação com os grupos (FME e placebo) em relação aos momentos M1 e M2. A FC mínima, FC média e FC máxima e principalmente os índices da VFC (SDNN, SDANN e SDNNi, RMSSD e PNN50) também não diferiram quando se comparou os grupos nos momentos pré, trans e pós casqueamento. Embora não tenha ocorrido significância, observou-se tendência a diminuição dos parâmetros FC, glicemia e reatividade em um dos grupos, havendo percepção nítida de mudança no comportamento durante o casqueamento sugerindo maior tranquilidade dos equinos durante o procedimento, com a feromonioterapia. / The horse breeding is found in constant growth and then there is a greater interest in scientific studies that favor the animal man relationship therefore ensuring animal welfare. Discussions are increasingly frequent, involving not only the forms of creation but also the practices which are submitted. Pheromone therapy is a new alternative that has been studied in order to reassure and reduce the problems related to fear, anxiety and phobia and limiting the manifestations of the autonomic nervous system and consequently the stress to these animals. For this purpose, the aim of this study was to evaluate the heart rate variability (HRV) of horses submitted to treatment with Maternal Equine Pheromone (MEP) during the hoof trimming. We evaluated 20 foals, with an average age of twenty-four months, males and females without prior experience to the hoof trimming that were divided into two groups (A and B) where one received treatment wich MEP and and the other placebo (excipient without the active ingredient), considered randomized and double-blind. The parameters evaluated were heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (FR), blood glucose, HRV and analysis of behavioral reactions. The clinical examination was studied in two moments: M1 (20 minutes before the procedure hoof trimming) and M2 (20 minutes after the procedure hoof trimming). Already the HRV was evaluated in pre, trans and post procedure hoof trimming. The results showed that there was no statistical differences of clinical parameters evaluated (FC, FR and glucose) compared to the groups (MEP and placebo) in relation to the moments M1 and M2. Minimum FC, medium FC and maximum FC and especially the index of VFC (SDNN, SDANN e SDNNi, RMSSD e PNN50) also did not differ when compared the groups in moments pre, during and after procedure hoof trimming. Although there has not been significance there was a tendency to decrease the parameters FC, blood glucose and reactivity in one of the groups, there being clear perception of change in behavior during procedure hoof trimming with pheromone therapy suggesting greater tranquility of equines during the procedure.

Orientador: Simone Biagio Chiacchio / Resumo: A equinocultura encontra-se em constante crescimento e por isso há um maior interesse em estudos científicos que favoreçam a relação homem animal garantindo consequentemente o bem-estar animal. Discussões são cada vez mais frequentes, envolvendo não só as formas de criação como também as práticas as quais são submetidos. A feromonioterapia é uma nova alternativa que vem sendo estudada a fim de tranquilizar e reduzir os problemas relacionados ao medo, ansiedade e fobia e limitando as manifestações do sistema nervoso autônomo e consequentemente o estresse a esses animais. Para tanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) de equinos submetidos ao tratamento com Feromônio Materno Equino (FME) durante o procedimento de casqueamento. Foram avaliados 20 potros, com idade média de vinte e quatro meses, machos e fêmeas sem experiência prévia ao casqueamento que foram divididos em dois grupos (A e B) onde um deles recebeu tratamento com FME e o outro placebo (excipiente sem o princípio ativo), considerado randomizado e duplo-cego. Os parâmetros avaliados foram frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (FR), glicemia, VFC e análise de reações comportamentais. O exame clínico foi avaliado em dois momentos sendo: M1 (20 minutos previamente ao casqueamento) e M2 (20 minutos após o casqueamento). Já a VFC, foi avaliada nos momentos pré, trans e pós casqueamento. Os resultados demonstraram que não houve diferenças estatísticas dos parâmetros... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The horse breeding is found in constant growth and then there is a greater interest in scientific studies that favor the animal man relationship therefore ensuring animal welfare. Discussions are increasingly frequent, involving not only the forms of creation but also the practices which are submitted. Pheromone therapy is a new alternative that has been studied in order to reassure and reduce the problems related to fear, anxiety and phobia and limiting the manifestations of the autonomic nervous system and consequently the stress to these animals. For this purpose, the aim of this study was to evaluate the heart rate variability (HRV) of horses submitted to treatment with Maternal Equine Pheromone (MEP) during the hoof trimming. We evaluated 20 foals, with an average age of twenty-four months, males and females without prior experience to the hoof trimming that were divided into two groups (A and B) where one received treatment wich MEP and and the other placebo (excipient without the active ingredient), considered randomized and double-blind. The parameters evaluated were heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (FR), blood glucose, HRV and analysis of behavioral reactions. The clinical examination was studied in two moments: M1 (20 minutes before the procedure hoof trimming) and M2 (20 minutes after the procedure hoof trimming). Already the HRV was evaluated in pre, trans and post procedure hoof trimming. The results showed that there was no statistical differences of clinical p... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Antonio Carlos Paes / Resumo: A ehrlichiose monocítica canina (EMC) é uma enfermidade causada pela bactéria Ehrlichia canis, mundialmente difundida, principalmente em regiões de clima quente devido à maciça presença de seu vetor, o carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus. A miocardite infeciosa em cães é comprovada por estudos histopatológicos na ehrlichiose monocítica canina em fase crônica. Estudos anteriores demonstraram arritmias associadas a miocardite em cães com EMC na fase crônica, porém os estudos relacionados às afecções cardíacas na EMC durante a fase agudas são escassos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações cardíacas elétricas e a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca no dominio do tempo e da frequência em cães com ehrlichiose monocítica aguda. Foram avaliados 22 animais divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle (GC) composto por 10 cães saudáveis e grupo doente (GD), composto por 12 cães infectados naturalmente por ehrlichiose, apresentando sinais clínicos e hematológicos da doença na fase aguda. Foi realizado eletrocardiograma convencional, eletrocardiograma ambulatorial Holter, aferição da pressão arterial sistêmica, hemograma e análises bioquimicas (uréia, creatinina, ALT, FA e GGT). Os resultados encontrados no GD demonstraram predomínio da atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo simpático sobre o parassimpático com aumento da frequência cardíaca média e diminuição dos índices de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca no domínio do tempo e da frequência. Quanto ao ritmo cardíac... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a disease caused by the bacteria Ehrlichia canis, which is widespread worldwide, especially in hot climates due to the massive presence of its vector, the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The infectious myocarditis in dogs is confirmed by histopathological studies on canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in the chronic phase. Previous studies have demonstrated arrhythmias associated with myocarditis in dogs with chronic phase EMC, but studies related to heart conditions in acute phase EMC are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate cardiac changes and heart rate variability in time and frequency domain. Twenty-two animals were divided into two groups: a control group (CG) composed of 10 healthy dogs and a sick group (DG), composed of twelve dogs naturally infected by ehrlichiosis, presenting clinical and haematological signs of the disease in the acute phase. A conventional electrocardiogram, Holter ambulatory electrocardiogram, blood pressure measurement, blood count and biochemical analyzes (urea, creatinine, ALP, ALT, and GGT) were performed. In GD, the predominance of sympathetic autonomic nervous system activity on the parasympathetic was observed, with an increase in mean heart rate and a decrease in heart rate variability indexes in time and frequency domain. As to heart rate, 58.33% of the animals presented predominant sinus tachycardia. No significant clinical repercussion arrhythmias were observed during the monitoring of the animals... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-23T21:52:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroIvoDeSouzaPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1470768 bytes, checksum: 95e0a6d8271caf71927f8658f369b623 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-28T21:55:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroIvoDeSouzaPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1470768 bytes, checksum: 95e0a6d8271caf71927f8658f369b623 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-28T21:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroIvoDeSouzaPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1470768 bytes, checksum: 95e0a6d8271caf71927f8658f369b623 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-27 / O exerc?cio intervalado de alta intensidade tem sido apontado como op??o para o aumento da pr?tica da atividade f?sica al?m de ser sugerido no manejo terap?utico de diversas condi??es como diabetes mellitus e insufici?ncia card?aca. Contudo, o conhecimento pleno das suas repercuss?es fisiol?gicas e dos par?metros que possam trazer maior seguran?a quanto ? sua prescri??o; em especial os efeitos a curto e m?dio prazo (24 horas ap?s o exerc?cio) sobre a recupera??o do exerc?cio, necessitam ser esclarecidos. O objetivo do presente trabalho ? avaliar a repercuss?o de uma sess?o de exerc?cio aer?bico cont?nuo e intervalado no controle auton?mico card?aco imediato e em m?dio prazo (24 horas), atrav?s da avalia??o da variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca (VFC). Trata-se de um ensaio cl?nico randomizado do tipo crossover onde indiv?duos jovens saud?veis e com baixo n?vel de atividade f?sica tiveram a VFC de 24 horas mensurada atrav?s de frequenc?metro e aceler?metro port?til (eMotion HRV 3D, Kuopio, Finl?ndia) antes e ap?s sess?o de exerc?cio aer?bio cont?nuo (60-70% FCmax, 21min.) e intervalado (ciclo 1 min. a 80-90% FCmax, 2 min. a 50-60% FCmax, dura??o 21 min.). A VFC foi avaliada nos dom?nio tempo e frequ?ncia e o balan?o simpatovagal determinado pela raz?o LF/HF. Avalia??o n?o linear foi calculada pela entropia de Shannon. O dados demonstraram retardo na recupera??o imediata da frequ?ncia card?aca p?s exerc?cio e menor FC 24 horas comparados a valores pr? interven??o, principalmente no exerc?cio intervalado. Houve tend?ncia ? maior predom?nio e valores de ?ndices representantes da estimula??o simp?tica durante o dia no grupo de exerc?cio intervalado; contudo, sem signific?ncia estat?stica. O resultados do estudo auxiliam no esclarecimento das repercuss?es do exerc?cio intervalado nas 24 horas que sucedem a interven??o permitindo par?metros para prescri??o e futura avalia??o de grupos de indiv?duos com patologias metab?licas e cardiovasculares. / The high-intensity interval exercise has been described as an option for increasing physical activity and its use also being suggested in the therapeutic management of many conditions such as diabetes mellitus and heart failure. However, the knowledge of its physiological effects and parameters that can assure greater safety for interval exercise prescription; especially its effect on short- and medium-term (24 hours after exercise) exercise recovery, need to be clarified. This study objective was to evaluate the effect of continuous and interval aerobic exercise on the cardiac autonomic control immediate and medium term (24 hours), by assessing heart rate variability (HRV). The present study is a randomized crossover clinical trial in which healthy young individuals with low level of physical activity had the VFC 24 hours measured by a heart rate sensor and portable accelerometer (3D eMotion HRV, Kuopio, Finland) before and after continuous aerobic exercise (60-70% HR max, 21 min.) and interval exercise (cycle 1 min. 80-90% HR max, 2 min. at 50-60% HR max, duration 21 min.). HRV was measured in the time and frequency domain and the sympathovagal balance determined by the ratio LF / HF. Nonlinear evaluation was calculated by Shannon entropy. The data demonstrated delayed heart rate recovery immediate after exercise and lower HR after 24 hours compared to pre intervention values, especially in the interval exercise group. There was a tendency to higher predominance and representatives index values of sympathetic stimulation during the day in interval exercise group; however, without statistical significance. The study results help to clarify the effects of interval exercise on the 24 hours following interval exercise, setting parameters for prescription and for further evaluation of groups with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

L'analyse de la Variabilité de la Fréquence Cardiaque est une méthode de mesure non invasive du Système Nerveux Autonome. Cette méthode d'analyse initialement utilisée dans le domaine clinique s'est progressivement installée dans le domaine de l'activité physique pour diverses applications telles que la détection précoce de la fatigue, le calibrage de l'intensité de l'entraînement, détecter les seuils ventilatoires... Les méthodes d'analyse peuvent être utilisées hors contexte de laboratoire, mais nécessitent néanmoins une attention particulière du point de vue méthodologique pour être cohérentes vis-à-vis des concepts mathématiques ou physiologiques qui les régissent. Chaque étape de cette méthode nécessite une rigueur spécifique pour ne pas conduire à une mauvaise interprétation. Ce document détaille le processus depuis la phase de mesure de l'intervalle RR en étudiant notamment la précision des appareils utilisables sur le terrain ou la correction du périodogramme obtenu en proposant différentes méthodes. Ce travail décrit également les indices de l'analyse de la VFC et les différentes limites techniques et conceptuelles. Les différents facteurs et biais influençant l'état du tonus du Système Nerveux Autonome seront décrits pour faciliter la création d'un protocole et l'analyse des indices de la VFC obtenus. / Heart Rate Variability Analysis is a non-invasive method for the evaluation of the Autonomic Nervous System activity. This analytical method initially used for clinical diagnosis progressively installed in the field of physical activity for various applications such as early detection of overreaching, calibration of training intensity, ventilatory threshold determination... These methods can be used outside the laboratory environment, but still require particular attention from a methodological aspect in order to be consistent with mathematical or physiological concepts underlying. Each step of this method requires a specific discipline not to lead to misinterpretation. This document details the process from the RR interval measurement phase including accuracy assessment of the devices used in the field or signal treatment with artifacts correction proposing several methods. This work details index from HRV analysis with their technical and conceptual limitations. External factors mat influence the Autonomic Nervous System are described to facilitate the protocol creation and results interpretation