Modalidade de ensino em crescimento no Brasil desde o início dos anos 2000 e com expectativa de contínua expansão, especialmente em função da cada vez maior facilidade de comunicação, seja via Internet, seja via celular ou tablet, a educação a distância (EaD) permite que indivíduos de áreas remotas ou aqueles com pouca disponibilidade de rotina regular para frequentar um curso tradicional, possam obter um diploma superior. Do ponto de vista das instituições de ensino, porém, as altas taxas de evasão são um obstáculo à manutenção e ampliação da oferta desta tipologia de curso. Para que haja a queda destas taxas, é necessário aumentar a lealdade dos estudantes e, para tanto, o valor percebido no curso, que, no caso da educação, faz sentido supor que seja criado entre alunos e universidade; isto porque, além de haver a necessidade de ambos os agentes para a prestação de serviço, o aluno possui papel fundamental para o sucesso do que se oferece (qualificação acadêmica). A literatura acadêmica do setor de serviços indica que, apesar de existir relação entre [cocriação de] valor e lealdade, esta, em geral, se apresenta mediada por qualidade e/ou satisfação. É neste contexto que este trabalho está inserido, apresentando como objetivo identificar os aspectos de cocriação de valor determinantes para a qualidade percebida e lealdade, com foco em educação a distância, por meio de uma pesquisa quantitativa com estudantes desta modalidade de ensino. Esta pesquisa foi antecedida pela exploração do tema com especialistas do setor que contribuíram com seus conhecimentos e experiências. Para a pesquisa quantitativa foi enviado questionário online de autopreenchimento para endereço eletrônico de estudantes de graduação EaD fornecidos por parceria com faculdades privadas e empresa de pesquisa voltada à educação. Ao final, foram obtidas 400 respostas válidas, usadas para entender o comportamento do aluno perante cocriação de valor e suas relações com demais dimensões de interesse (qualidade percebida, satisfação e lealdade). Duas vertentes mostraram-se relevantes na composição da cocriação de valor: coprodução, que engloba o compartilhamento de conhecimento, a interação faculdade-aluno e transparência na transmissão de valores e interesses da faculdade; e valor em uso, refletindo a experiência, o relacionamento e a capacidade de personalização do serviço educacional. Como era suposto, a cocriação mostrou-se influente na explicação dos construtos e tem a imagem da faculdade como uma dimensão importante em sua explicação. Quando observadas as relações entre variáveis latentes segundo o perfil do aluno, encontra-se que aqueles pertencentes à Geração Y são os que mais condicionam sua satisfação e lealdade à participação na criação do valor. / Growing type of education in Brazil since the early 2000s and with expectations of continued expansion, especially given the increasing ease of communication, whether via the Internet, whether via mobile phone or tablet, distance education (DE) allows individuals from remote areas or those with limited availability of regular routine to attend a traditional course, get a higher degree. From the perspective of educational institutions, however, the high dropout rates are an obstacle to the maintenance and expansion of supply of this type of course. In order to make these rates fall, it is necessary to increase the loyalty of students and, therefore, the perceived value, which in the case of education, it makes sense to assume created between students and university; this is because in addition to be a need for both agents to provide service, the student has fundamental role in the success of what is offered (academic qualification). The academic literature in the service sector indicates that although there is a relationship between [co-creation of] value and loyalty, this relation is usually presents mediated by quality and/or satisfaction. In this context, this work is inserted, aiming to identify the aspects of value co-creation that are determinants for perceived quality and loyalty, focusing on distance education, through a quantitative survey of students of this type of education. This research was preceded by an exploration of the theme with specialists of the sector who contributed with their knowledge and experiences. For the survey, an online self-completion questionnaire was sent to the e-mail of undergraduate students provided by a partnership with private colleges and a research company focused on education. In the end, 400 valid answers were obtained, used to understand the student\'s behavior in relation to value creation and their relationships with other dimensions of interest (perceived quality, satisfaction and loyalty). Two aspects have been relevant in the composition of value co-creation: co-production, which includes knowledge sharing, college-student interaction and transparency in the transmission of values and interests of the college; and value-in-use, reflecting the experience, the relationship and the capacity of personalization on the educational service. As was supposed, co-creation has proved to be influential in the explanation of constructs, and the image of college is an important dimension in its explanation. When the relationships between latent variables were observed according to the profile of the student, it was found that those belonging to Y Generation are the ones that present their satisfaction and loyalty conditioned to participation in the creation of value.

L'apparition de nouvelles technologiques de l'information et de la communication, et plus particulièrement l'avènement du Web 2.0, offre des opportunités de co-création de valeur pour les entreprises et leurs clients. La "communauté en ligne de co-création" est une des diverses formes de co-création de valeur identifiées dans la littérature. Ce pendant, la majorité des recherches ont été menées autour des biens tangibles (chaussures de sport pour le cas de Nike, ou le secteur de l'automobile avec BMW). L'objectif de cette recherche est de comprendre en profondeur le concept de co-création de valeur, appliquée au secteur du tourisme (bien intangible),et d'identifier les opportunités qui peuvent s'offrir aux touristes et aux destinations, grâce à une collaboration créative à travers les interactions dans une communauté en ligne. Pour répondre à cette problématique, trois éléments théoriques de base ont été mobilisées: la co-création de valeur, la communauté en ligne et l'expérience touristique. Une étude de cas basée sur une approche qualitative - menée auprès de l'Office Régional du Tourisme ANAlamanga (ou ORTANA) - a permis d'éclairer cette problématique. / The new information and communication technology especially the uprising of the Web 2.0 gives opportunity for the co-creation of value between businesses and their customers. The “online co-creation communities” is one of the many varieties of co-creation of value identified in the literature. Meanwhile, the majority of researches were conducted by the tangible goods suppliers (Like the sportswear for Nike, or car manufacturing for BMW). The objective of this research is to understand in depth the concept of value co-creation when applied to the tourism industry and to identify opportunities that the tourists and destinations could have working together through online community interactions. To resolve this issue, three basic theory elements were put into place: co-creation of value, online community, and the touristic experience. A case study based on the qualitative approach - performed within Regional office of the Analamanga tourism ( Madagascar) - enabled us to clarify this issue.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2019-01-22T11:23:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Laurentino_.pdf: 2042175 bytes, checksum: 337314ffc10cc5bf0976577e8911e870 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-22T11:23:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Laurentino_.pdf: 2042175 bytes, checksum: 337314ffc10cc5bf0976577e8911e870 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-29 / UNIDAVI - Centro Universitário para o Desenvolvimento do Alto Vale do Itajaí / Evolução tecnológica, uso de "robôs" nos atendimentos, consumidores mais exigentes, ativos e com comportamentos mais complexos e difíceis de serem previstos, enxergar o consumidor além de um mero receptor passivo, são alguns dos desafios a serem enfrentados pelas organizações. Compreender os motivadores comportamentais dos consumidores é fator imprescindível para a competitividade de um negócio. Este trabalho buscou analisar a intenção de uso da tecnologia de atendimento autônomo e a disposição do consumidor em cocriar quando no uso dos serviços prestados por um Agente Virtual de Atendimento (AVA), tendo por mediadores do processo, no modelo proposto, a percepção de utilidade, facilidade de uso e atitude. Como antecedentes, no modelo construído com base na revisão da literatura, seis foram propostos (Normas Subjetivas, Necessidade de Interação, Experiência, Auto-eficácia, Controle e Ansiedade). O método utilizado neste trabalho é o quantitativo com uma abordagem conclusiva descritiva que utilizou um levantamento com 943 respondentes de todo o Brasil, com idades entre 15 e 65 anos, a partir de uma survey com escala intervalar de sete pontos. A análise dos resultados foi feita com base em estatísticas multivariadas, utilizando-se como método de análise a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais no intuito de testar o modelo, investigar e analisar os elementos propostos e suas relações. O trabalho apresentou 18 hipóteses das quais 12 apresentaram-se significantes e 6 não apresentaram níveis de significância adequados. Como resultado mais relevante encontrou-se um forte caminho que propõe uma influência significante e positiva da facilidade de uso sobre a utilidade (sig<0,001 e β = 0,543), utilidade influenciando a atitude (sig<0,001 e β = 0,745), atitude impactando positivamente a intenção de uso (sig<0,001 e β = 0,917) e intenção de uso influenciando positivamente a disposição para cocriar (sig<0,001 e β = 0,656). Esta pesquisa demonstrou que o consumidor percebe-se inserido no processo de cocriação e encontra valor nesta relação, mesmo quando no uso de serviços prestados por Agentes Virtuais de Atendimento. Demonstrou também que um Agente Virtual de Atendimento pode ser uma boa solução na prestação de serviços uma vez que seja útil e eficaz do ponto de vista dos consumidores. / Technological evolution, the use of "robots" in the services, more demanding consumers, more active and with more complex behaviors and difficult to be foreseen, to see the consumer as well as a mere passive receiver are some of the challenges to be faced by the organizations. Understanding the behavioral motivators of consumers is an essential factor for the competitiveness of a business. This work sought to analyze the intention to use the technology of autonomous service and the willingness of the consumer to co-create when using the services provided by a Virtual Attendance Agent (AVA), having as mediators of the process, in the proposed model, the perception of utility , ease of use and attitude. As background, in the model built on the literature review, six were proposed (Subjective Norms, Need for Interaction, Experience, Self-efficacy, Control and Anxiety). The method used in this work is the quantitative one with a conclusive descriptive approach that used a survey with 943 respondents from all over Brazil, aged between 15 and 65 years, from a survey with an interval of seven points. The analysis of the results was made based on multivariate statistics, using as a method of analysis the Modeling of Structural Equations in order to test the model, investigate and analyze the proposed elements and their relationships. The study presented 18 hypotheses of which 12 were significant and 6 did not present adequate levels of significance. As a more relevant result, we found a strong path that proposes a significant and positive influence of ease of use on utility (sig <0.001 and β = 0.543), utility influencing attitude (sig <0.001 and β = 0.745), attitude impacting positively the intention to use (sig <0.001 and β = 0.917) and intention of use positively influencing the willingness to co-create (sig <0.001 and β = 0.656). This research demonstrated that the consumer perceives himself inserted in the process of co-creation and finds value in this relation, even when in the use of services provided by Virtual Agents of Attendance. It has also demonstrated that a Virtual Attendance Agent can be a good service delivery solution as it is useful and effective from the point of view of consumers.

以Web 2.0 模式經營的網站正飛快的成長，這些經營者巧妙地引進外部的開發能力，與顧客或企業夥伴共創價值的商業模式非常值得深究。但國內的學術理論針對Web2.0商業模式發表的論文並不多，對於價值共創的商業模式了解有限，本研究整理並分析實際案例中關於Web2.0價值共創的商業模式的資訊，希望能夠針對價值共創的商業模式提供更系統化的解釋。 本研究架構分為兩個構面，分別為商業模式的解構及分析價值網絡中的價值交換，希望進一步探討的問題如下: 1. Web2.0價值共創的商業模式對參與的顧客和企業夥伴產生甚麼樣的價值? 如何吸引顧客與企業夥伴加入共創? 2. 能夠與顧客或企業夥伴共創價值的Web2.0商業模式中需要具備哪些要素? 3. Web2.0價值共創的商業模式如何創造營收? 本研究結合文獻探討及此研究的目的，獲得以下研究結論: 1. 參與共創為顧客帶來無形價值的滿足，為企業夥伴帶來直接收益或是間接轉移價值的機會; 經營者應維護顧客參與創作的園地，重視社群間互動的基礎滿足感，並且為企業夥伴舖設可以擷取利潤或轉移價值的管道。 2. Web2.0價值共創的商業模式，首先應具備4個基礎架構的建設，分別是(1)共創平台的建立(2)參與規則的建立(3)持續滿足顧客經驗的能力(4)企業夥伴價值轉移的機制。 3. Web2.0價值共創的商業模式中，經由「免付費服務」吸引人潮或潛在顧客加入共創，在營收模式上運用到免費增值的商業模式，藉由一部分的會員付費購買增值的附加商品或訂購產品來營利，或者是藉由第三方廣告商付費的模式，由廣告商付費給經營者以獲取營收。而部分網站經營者會透過發行虛擬貨幣，作為網站交易的媒介，透過參與活動累積虛擬貨幣，類似航空公司的飛行里程獎勵，可以提升會員的忠誠度。 / Websites managed via the Web 2.0 model are currently growing quickly,These managers have delicately introduced external developmental abilities, and the business model that works with clients and corporate partners to create value. However, there are very few domestic researches on the academic theories concerning the Web2.0 business model, and there is limited understanding for the business model of value co-creation. This study organizes and analyzes the information on business models with Web2.0 value co-creation in case study, in order to provide a more systematic explanation for value co-creation business models. The framework of this study is divided into two aspects, which are the deconstruction of business model and analysis of value exchange in the value network. The questions to be explored are as follows: 1. What kind of value does the business model of Web2.0 value co-creation create for participating customers and corporate partners? How to attract customers and corporate partners to participate in co-creation? 2. What are the crucial elements in Web2.0 business models that can co-create value with customers and corporate partners? 3. How does the business model of Web2.0 value co-creation create profit? To the above purposes, this study conducted literature review and acquired the following conclusions: 1. Participation in co-creation provides customers with the intangible value of satisfaction, and brings direct profit or opportunities for indirect transfer of value for corporate partners. Managers should protect the environment for customers to participate in creation, emphasize the basic satisfaction of interaction among social networks, and create channels for corporate partners to gain profits or to transfer value. 2. The business model of Web2.0 value co-creation should have four basic infrastructure established, which are (1) establishment of co-creation platform; (2) establishment of participation rules; (3) the ability to continuously satisfy customer experiences; and (4) mechanisms for value transfer for corporate partners. 3. In the business model of Web2.0 value co-creation, “free services” are used to attract people or potential customers to participate in co-creation, and the operational model utilizes a free value-added business model, in which profit is produced when some members pay to buy value-added products or order products, or when a third-party advertiser pays managers. Some website managers would issue virtual currency as a medium for website transactions. Participation in events accumulates virtual currency which can be used to enhance member loyalty.

The customer’s role as a co-creator of value is an essential element in the service-dominant (S-D) logic, highlighting the importance for firms to develop relationships with customers through dialogue. By providing feedback customers become co-developers, and help create a competitive advantage. Moreover, the Internet offers an abundance of digital channels for dialogue. Payne et al (2008) have developed a framework for value co-creation, which in this paper is adapted to communication in digital channels, focusing on a company perspective. The purpose of this study is to investigate how companies in the Swedish telecommunication industry use digital channels, including social media, for value co-creation with customers. To enable this a case study is conducted with three network operators. The data collection consists of several interviews. Findings indicate that the companies are indeed customer-centric in their offerings, and that communication and feedback in digital channels are of strategic importance. Furthermore, changes in technology, industry logics and customer preferences offer opportunities as well as challenges. Another challenge lies in finding suitable metrics and in knowledge management. The concept of lead users is presented as a potential resource. It is concluded that communication in digital channels enhances the features of the S-D logic.

Service science is an emerging multidisciplinary field concerned with the study of service systems and value co-creation. In recent years, the field has expanded considerably, growing to encompass a community of researchers and practitioners from a range of backgrounds and knowledge domains. However, very little research has focused on the study of service systems within the context of social-purpose organizations (SPOs), such as a nonprofit charitable organization or academic institution. We contend that SPOs represent a class of service systems that are understudied in service science, and the goal of this thesis was to contribute to the ongoing development of the disciplines theoretical foundations through an empirical study of a special type of SPO, the social enterprise. Through case-study research we surveyed five social enterprise organizations across Canada. Our findings point to a number of areas that suggest a conceptual bias towards service systems that are economically motivated and profit driven.

Service science is an emerging multidisciplinary field concerned with the study of service systems and value co-creation. In recent years, the field has expanded considerably, growing to encompass a community of researchers and practitioners from a range of backgrounds and knowledge domains. However, very little research has focused on the study of service systems within the context of social-purpose organizations (SPOs), such as a nonprofit charitable organization or academic institution. We contend that SPOs represent a class of service systems that are understudied in service science, and the goal of this thesis was to contribute to the ongoing development of the disciplines theoretical foundations through an empirical study of a special type of SPO, the social enterprise. Through case-study research we surveyed five social enterprise organizations across Canada. Our findings point to a number of areas that suggest a conceptual bias towards service systems that are economically motivated and profit driven.

In order for firms to be able to compete on the market, it is of importance for them to create value for their customers. Value is not only the outcome from providing the customer with a product of high quality, since value co-creation can occur when firms interact with their customers and create strong relationships with them. Therefore, relationship quality is of interest for any firm that want to succeed with their sales proposals. However, although firms work with value creation for their customers, there is always a risk for the defection of customers. Firms need to gain knowledge about the reasons why customers decide to switch to another supplier. The aim of this study is to investigate why Swedish firms that operate in the industrial business-to-business (B2B) sector’s customers switch to another supplier, despite the supplying firms’ efforts in working with value creation. This is a qualitative study, where in-depth interviews have been conducted with employees at two different industrial, manufacturing companies. It was found that the aspects that have been stated as valuable for customers in business relationships; product quality, delivery, service, price, communication and distance, are also reasons why customers decide to leave a cooperation. Meaning that these aspects can create value for customers, however, when it is not managed properly there is a high risk that customers will switch suppliers since the value the firm created for the customer is not enough. In addition to this, factors that can be hard for firms to control, such as distance, time differences and language can have a great impact on customer value and retention.

This research paper explores the value co-creating activities from a micro-level healthcare perspective by investigating value co-creation in dental clinics. Previous research on the subject of co-creation of value has directed its focus to higher-level healthcare with advanced illnesses, chronic diseases and complicated processes with many interactions. This research paper expands the theoretical research and provides valuable practical insight for dental clinics by adding a perspective where there is a low level of interaction. Through interviews with dentists and a focus group discussion with patients it is concluded that the co-creating activities of: cooperating, colearning, collating information, integrating networks, providing options, and designing environments, are present on the micro-level healthcare. Furthermore, contrary to existing literature, it is concluded that the co-creation is commonly instigated by the dentist rather than the patient, and that the value co-creation can also be active on a psychological level, and not solely through physical interactions and activities.

In this thesis, we have studied the phenomena of value co-creation in IoT ecosystem, while considering the potential impacts of GDPR on IT value co-creation in the IoT ecosystem. IT firms’ ability to create value is an important aspect of their existence and growth in which case they pursuit different and several means to accomplish this task. IT firms that operate within the IoT ecosystem are categorised as Enablers, Engagers, and Enhancers who interact, work together to provide the technology and services needed to both market the IoT and to deploy it for their own business operations. These actors usually deem it necessary to create value through a co-creation process with customers in order to create well needed, tailored and up-to-date IoT solutions. In such case, customers’ data play a significant role in the development process. Through computer analysis, these data can reveal insightful information that can lead to the creation of relevant and appropriate IT solutions. However, the EU new and upcoming General Data Protection Regulation stand to have some impacts on this creative process, by regulating data practices in technological activities, thereby, creating several concerns among the IT community.