Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-04-04T13:23:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Selma Culturati Vasquez.pdf: 1150063 bytes, checksum: bfc80f42a447cf6d00f20de8dbfb6936 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-04T13:23:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Selma Culturati Vasquez.pdf: 1150063 bytes, checksum: bfc80f42a447cf6d00f20de8dbfb6936 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / Management models based on the generation of value for the company's competitiveness and, especially, for the society in which the company is inserted, are now gaining strength, due to the current attitude of consumers to judge them in relation to commitment to public and social problems. The motto has been to focus on increasing revenues and profits without neglecting meeting the needs of society. Porter and Kramer (2011), claiming that it is not just about social responsibility, philanthropy or even sustainability, advocate that the sustainable solution to contemporary challenges lies in the principle of shared value, which involves generating economic value at the same time as value is created for society. The purpose of this case study is to analyze the applicability of the Shared Value Creation strategy in the company DSOP Educação Financeira, with a view to develop policies and operational practices that aims to increase the company's competitiveness while improving economic and social conditions of the community/clientele with which DSOP operates / Ganham força, na atualidade, modelos de gestão baseados na geração de valor para a competitividade da empresa e, principalmente, para a sociedade na qual essa empresa está inserida, em decorrência da atitude bastante corrente por parte dos consumidores de julgá-las com relação ao seu comprometimento com problemas públicos e sociais. O mote tem sido focar no aumento de receitas e lucros sem deixar de lado o atendimento às necessidades da sociedade. Porter e Kramer (2011), afirmando que não se trata apenas de responsabilidade social, filantropia ou mesmo sustentabilidade, advogam que a solução sustentável para os desafios contemporâneos está no princípio do valor compartilhado, que envolve a geração de valor econômico ao mesmo tempo em que se cria valor para a sociedade. O presente estudo de caso tem por objetivo analisar a aplicabilidade da estratégia de Criação de Valor Compartilhado na empresa DSOP Educação Financeira tendo em vista o desenvolvimento de políticas e práticas operacionais que visem aumentar a competitividade da empresa ao mesmo tempo em que melhorem as condições econômicas e sociais da comunidade/clientela com a qual a DSOP opera

O desenvolvimento humano tem ocorrido de forma desequilibrada: a maximização da riqueza econômica, paradoxalmente, maximiza a desigualdade social e a degradação ambiental. As organizações são os principais agentes do capitalismo, de modo que a estratégia das companhias interferem no desenvolvimento socioambiental e econômico. Neste contexto, a abordagem da criação de valor compartilhado (CVC) parece ter potencial para minimizar este paradoxo do desenvolvimento, ao considerar a geração de valor socioambiental como core business da organização. No entanto, existe sobreposição deste conceito com o conceito de negócios sociais. Assim, este estudo busca compreender como a estratégia de CVC está integrada aos negócios sociais em clínicas populares de saúde preventiva, a fim de identificar como a CVC e os negócios sociais podem contribuir para o equilíbrio do desenvolvimento econômico, social e ambiental. Para atingir este objetivo, foi conduzida uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva desenvolvida por meio do método de estudo de múltiplos casos com dois negócios sociais que atuam no ramo de clínicas populares de saúde. Utilizou-se a entrevista em profundidade, o questionário e a observação direta. Os dados coletados foram comparados, buscando encontrar padrões comuns e aspectos conflitantes em cada um dos casos. Privilegiou-se a análise de conteúdo como técnica do estudo. Os casos foram classificados e comparados num continuum de negócio sociais, que varia de lógica de mercado a lógica social. Como resultado, verificou-se que os negócios sociais estudados criam valor compartilhado, apesar da limitação conceitual dos entrevistados. Notou-se que o continuum de negócios sociais não é suficiente para delimitar um negócio social, de modo que qualquer organização, independentemente do modelo, pode ser classificada entre lógica social e de mercado. Ademais, foram identificados dezenove fatores essenciais e periféricos para a CVC em negócios sociais, de modo que sete são essenciais e doze periféricos. As conclusões apontam que CVC e negócios sociais apresentam propósito semelhantes, mas se diferenciam em sua concepção. Observou-se que a CVC, assim como os negócios sociais, podem contribuir para o equilíbrio do paradoxo do desenvolvimento, mas não são suficientes para eliminá-lo. A resolução deste paradoxo depende de mudanças de paradigmas que vão além dessas estratégias. / Human development has occurred in an unbalanced way: maximizing economic wealth, paradoxically, maximizes social inequality and environmental degradation. Organizations are the main agents of capitalism, so that companies\' strategies interfere with socio-environmental and economic development. In this context, the shared value creation (SVC) approach seems to have the potential to minimize this development paradox by considering the generation of socio-environmental value as the organization\'s core business. However, there is overlap of this concept with the concept of social business. Thus, this study seeks to understand how the SVC strategy is integrated into social business, in order to identify how the SVC and social business can contribute to the balance of economic, social and environmental development. In order to achieve this goal, an exploratory and descriptive study was carried out using a multiple case study method with two social businesses that work in the field of popular health clinics. The in-depth interview, the questionnaire and the direct observation were used. The data collected were compared, seeking to find common patterns and conflicting aspects in each case. Content analysis was privileged as study technique. The cases were classified and compared in a social business continuum, which varies from market logic to social logic. As a result, it was verified that the social businesses studied create shared value, despite the conceptual limitation of the interviewees. It was noted that the social business continuum is not sufficient to delimit a social business, so that any organization, regardless of the model, can be classified between social and market logic. In addition, nineteen essential and peripheral factors were identified for the SVC in social businesses, so that eight are essential and eleven peripherals. The conclusions indicate that SVC and social businesses have similar purposes, but differ in their conception. It was observed that the SVC, as well as social business, can contribute to the balance of the development paradox, but they are not enough to eliminate it. The resolution of this paradox depends on paradigm shifts that go beyond these strategies.

This thesis is about exploring the suitable business model framework for open innovation projects in incumbent organizations like Ericsson. Due to the rise in global competition and digitalization incumbent companies cannot innovate in closed innovation systems. Open innovation accelerates the flow of internal and external knowledge for expanding to the new markets by the use of innovation. Companies need reliable and working tools to innovate their business models. Along with technological innovation, business models also play a dominant role in businesses. Companies need to protect their business models by building them strong.  Through making them hard to replicate for placing companies ahead of their competition. Companies employ the business model to understand value creation, delivery, and capture mechanisms. Open innovation explicitly incorporates the business model as a source of both value creation and value capture.  Later role of the business model is to enable the organization to sustain its position in the industry(West et al. 2006). The content of the thesis is explaining how the early stage startups and innovation projects are building their business models in incumbent organizations — then developing a suitable business model framework for such projects in incumbent organizations to building their business ideas.  Using design thinking methodologies proposed a business modeling approach with existing tools from the literature for creating a viable business model and using a value-based approach to quantify the value propositions by understanding value delivered to the customer and developing capturing model.  By converting those values in monetary terms, it makes it easy to propose a value-based price for the solution. Through this thesis, the author has introduced a framework and process model for business modeling by early stage projects. The contributions were in empirical findings and analysis focused on design thinking-based business modeling approach for MVBM framework and process model.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Estebao de Oliveira Neto.pdf: 1669457 bytes, checksum: 963666a8cfdfb2d10671cf8f29c0d6f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-07 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / In the past few years, strategic alliances have been more and more used as alternatives to the vertical integration of companies. Continuing a line of investigation that began in the middle of the eighties with the classic article written by McConnell e Nantell (1985), the purpose of this essay is to evaluate the impact of announcements of strategic alliances formations, in all their many forms, over the stock prices of the companies participating in the alliances. From a sample formed by 147 announcements of strategic alliances formations, published from 1996 to 2006, involving 48 companies from different areas, an event study was developed based on the Market Efficiency Hypothesis s theory, as postulated by Fama (1970). The results obtained from the total sample suggest that the Brazilian s capital market reacts positively to announcements of strategic alliances formations, and in a very consistent way with the market efficiency s hypotheses, presenting statistically significant results considering an event window of two days length. The results obtained from the sample segmentations also suggest significant indications that investors perceive joint ventures as a type of association that have a higher potential to aggregate value to companies, when compared to other forms of alliances. / Nos anos recentes, as alianças estratégicas têm sido cada vez mais utilizadas como alternativas à integração vertical das empresas. Dando continuidade a uma linha de investigação que teve início em meados da década de 1980 com o artigo clássico de McConnell e Nantell (1985), este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto dos anúncios de formação de alianças estratégicas, em todas as suas diversas formas, sobre os preços das ações das empresas participantes das alianças. A partir de uma amostra constituída por 147 anúncios de formação de alianças estratégicas, publicados no período de 1996 a 2006, envolvendo 48 empresas de diferentes setores, desenvolveu-se estudo de evento apoiado no eixo teórico da Hipótese da Eficiência de Mercado, postulada por Fama (1970). Os resultados obtidos a partir da amostra total sugerem que o mercado brasileiro de capitais reage positivamente a anúncios de formação de alianças e de maneira bastante consistente com a suposição de eficiência de mercado, apresentando resultados estatisticamente significantes para uma janela do evento de dois dias. Os resultados obtidos a partir das segmentações da amostra também sugerem significativos indícios de que as joint ventures são percebidas pelos investidores como formas de associação que possuem maior potencial de agregação de valor para as empresas, quando comparadas às outras formas de alianças.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Albuquerquer Saliba.pdf: 1153089 bytes, checksum: 3e44bc91df3992d6dd16d73ec82ce69e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-08 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The objective of this work is to implement and test constructs, proposed by Gu and Lev (2003, 2011) to measure intangible assets, in the consumer goods sector of public American companies.Using data gathered from DataStream/Thomson-Reuters, were investigated, through panel data analysis, potential linear relationships among constructs denoted by Intangible Driven Earnings (IDE) and Intangible Capital (IC) and financial statement variables that are commonly associated with intangibility, as for instance, Research and Development investments (R&D), Sales, General and Administrative expenses (SGA) and Capital Expenditures (CAPEX); it was also investigated if the Intangibles Driven Earnings (IDE) and the operational performance (EARN) represented by EBITDA can explain the creation of value measured by total shareholder return (TSR); the relation between the Comprehensive Value and the market value of the company; and, finally had been investigated relations between indexes of intangibility with the total shareholder return, representing the value creating of company for the period from 2003 to 2007.In particular, results from data between 2003 and 2007 suggest that (i) the constructs IDE and IC are positively related to variables associated with intangibility, (ii) variations of earnings have a positive relationship with shareholder return, (iii) the Comprehensive Value (CV), which tries to express the real value of a firm, is positively related to its market value and (iv) indexes of intangibility denoted by Intangible Capital Margin (ICM), Intangible Capital Operating (ICOM) and Market to Comprehensive Value (MtCV) have a positive and significant impact on shareholder return. / Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo testar a teoria proposta por Gu e Lev (2003, 2011) para mensuração dos ativos intangíveis para o setor de bens de consumo do mercado norte americano.Usando variáveis da base de dados da DataStream da Thomson Reuters, investigou-se através de análise de dados em painel a relação das variáveis associadas a intangibilidade, tais como pesquisa e desenvolvimento (RD), gastos com capital (CAPEX) e gastos administrativos, gerais e com vendas (SGA), no constructo IDE e no capital intangível (IC); foi investigado também se o constructo de intangibilidade (IDE) e o desempenho operacional (EARN) representado pelo EBITDA podem explicar a criação de valor medida pela variável retorno ao acionista (TSR); a relação entre o Comprehensive Value e o valor de mercado da empresa; e, por último foram investigadas relações entre os índices de intangibilidade com o retorno ao acionista, representando a criação de valor da empresa para o período de 2003 a 2007.Os resultados indicam que: (i) o constructo IDE e o capital intangível (IC) apresentam relações positivas com variáveis ligadas a intangibilidade, que (ii) IDE e ΔEARN possuem relação positiva com o retorno ao acionista, que (iii) o real valor da empresa o Comprehensive Value possui relação positiva com o valor de mercado da empresa, e que (iv) os índices de intangibilidade IDEM, ICOM E MtCV demonstram relação positiva e significativa com o retorno ao acionista

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Erica Sumoyama Braune.pdf: 1695612 bytes, checksum: 77d29d722c605b6606c7ccbb7676468f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-08 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / Companies are focusing on intangible assets with the intention of gaining competitive advantage. However, there is not a systematic way to calculate them. Gu and Lev (2003; 2011) propose a model of measurement of intangible assets, where the company's economic performance is generated by physical, financial and intangible assets. Based on this proposal, we calculate the Intangible Capital (IC) and Intangibles-Driven-Earnings (IDE) for companies in the consumer services sector of the United States according to data availability in the period from 2001 to 2010. We also investigate intangibility indexes proposed by Lev (1999); Gu e Lev (2003) and their relationship with value creation to shareholders. So we intend to provide a response to the following survey problem: Which is the influence of intangible assets on the value creation of consumer services companies? Based on a panel data, results show that the Comprehensive Value (CV) has a positive and significant relationship with the market value of firms and that there Intangible Capital (IC) and Intangibles-Driven-Earnings (IDE) are positively related to Research and Development (RD) and Capital Expenditure (CAPEX), financial variables that are commonly used to measure intangibles. In addition, we found most of the indices of intangibility have positive and significant relationship with the total shareholder return, showing they can be good indicators of intangibility. / As empresas estão focando nos ativos intangíveis com a intenção de obter vantagem competitiva. Contudo, não há uma forma sistemática de calculá-los. Gu e Lev (2003; 2011) propõem um modelo de mensuração dos ativos intangíveis, onde o desempenho econômico da empresa é gerado por ativos físicos, financeiros e intangíveis. Baseado nessa proposta nós calculamos o Intangible Capital (IC) e o Intangibles-Driven-Earnings (IDE) para empresas do setor de serviços ao consumidor dos Estados Unidos de acordo com a disponibilidade de dados no período de 2001 a 2010. Também investigamos os índices de intangibilidade propostos por Lev (1999); Gu e Lev (2003) e sua relação com a criação de valor aos acionistas. Assim pretendemos responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: Qual a influência dos ativos intangíveis na criação de valor de empresas do setor de serviços ao consumidor? Baseado no modelo de dados em painel, os resultados mostram que o Comprehensive Value tem uma relação positiva e significante com o valor de mercado das empresas e que o Intangible Capital (IC) e o Intangibles-Driven-Earnings (IDE) são positivamente relacionados com as variáveis de pesquisa e desenvolvimento (RD) e dispêndio de capital (CAPEX), variáveis financeiras que são comumente utilizadas para medir os intangíveis. Além disso, verificamos a maioria dos índices de intangibilidade, possuem relação positiva e significante com o retorno total ao acionista, mostrando que podem ser bons indicadores de intangibilidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Albuquerquer Saliba.pdf: 1154072 bytes, checksum: 8704c7f53448fef0453b8daada621021 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this work is to implement and test constructs, proposed by Gu and Lev (2003, 2011) to measure intangible assets, in the consumer goods sector of public American companies. Using data gathered from DataStream/Thomson-Reuters, were investigated, through panel data analysis, potential linear relationships among constructs denoted by Intangible Driven Earnings (IDE) and Intangible Capital (IC) and financial statement variables that are commonly associated with intangibility, as for instance, Research and Development investments (R&D), Sales, General and Administrative expenses (SGA) and Capital Expenditures (CAPEX); it was also investigated if the Intangibles Driven Earnings (IDE) and the operational performance (EARN) represented by EBITDA can explain the creation of value measured by total shareholder return (TSR); the relation between the Comprehensive Value and the market value of the company; and, finally had been investigated relations between indexes of intangibility with the total shareholder return, representing the value creating of company for the period from 2003 to 2007. In particular, results from data between 2003 and 2007 suggest that (i) the constructs IDE and IC are positively related to variables associated with intangibility, (ii) variations of earnings have a positive relationship with shareholder return, (iii) the Comprehensive Value (CV), which tries to express the real value of a firm, is positively related to its market value and (iv) indexes of intangibility denoted by Intangible Capital Margin (ICM), Intangible Capital Operating (ICOM) and Market to Comprehensive Value (MtCV) have a positive and significant impact on shareholder return. / Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo testar a teoria proposta por Gu e Lev (2003, 2011) para mensuração dos ativos intangíveis para o setor de bens de consumo do mercado norte americano. Usando variáveis da base de dados da DataStream da Thomson Reuters, investigou-se através de análise de dados em painel a relação das variáveis associadas a intangibilidade, tais como pesquisa e desenvolvimento (RD), gastos com capital (CAPEX) e gastos administrativos, gerais e com vendas (SGA), no constructo IDE e no capital intangível (IC); foi investigado também se o constructo de intangibilidade (IDE) e o desempenho operacional (EARN) representado pelo EBITDA podem explicar a criação de valor medida pela variável retorno ao acionista (TSR); a relação entre o Comprehensive Value e o valor de mercado da empresa; e, por último foram investigadas relações entre os índices de intangibilidade com o retorno ao acionista, representando a criação de valor da empresa para o período de 2003 a 2007. Os resultados indicam que: (i) o constructo IDE e o capital intangível (IC) apresentam relações positivas com variáveis ligadas a intangibilidade, que (ii) IDE e ΔEARN possuem relação positiva com o retorno ao acionista, que (iii) o real valor da empresa o Comprehensive Value possui relação positiva com o valor de mercado da empresa, e que (iv) os índices de intangibilidade IDEM, ICOM E MtCV demonstram relação positiva e significativa com o retorno ao acionista.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ullisses Kazumi Shimizu.pdf: 1138667 bytes, checksum: 5f969a0c29cc54301de351e3a3b813b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-09 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The purpose of this work was to study value creation at companies from the Brazilian sector of agricultural machinery and implements, which strategically opted to implement the Lean Manufacturing program. Lean Manufacturing was related to the firm s Resource Based View RBV, as lean production can be understood as a non-imitable internal resource, and in accordance with this view, is just as important as external market factors in obtaining a sustainable competitive advantage, as it creates a barrier to imitation by competitors (LEWIS, 2000). The variables defined and studied herein were based on the research of Soriano-Meier and Forrester (2002), where nine independent variables were defined to measure the degree of adoption of the program, which was summarized in a dependent variable designated degree of Leanness. Another benchmark was also developed to identify the degree of commitment to the program. After obtaining these two variables, the authors verified their relationship with performance, which was measured through the ratios of sales by employee and asset turnover, calculated with a basis on secondary data. Thirty-two firms from the aforementioned sector took part in the survey. Two questionnaires were applied by firm, the first intended for the CEO and the second for the operations manager (COO). The study proposed three theoretical situations :H1: firms with a high degree of managerial commitment to the program (measured by Com-to-JIT and Com-to-TQM) simultaneously maintain this commitment with investments to support the manufacturing infrastructure, measured by quality leadership (QLEAD), problem solving groups (GROUP), training (TRAIN) and empowerment (WEMP).H2: firms that adopted the lean principles (measured by degree of adoption - DOA) have made changes in the direction of these principles (measured by elimination of waste EW , continuous improvement CI , zero defects ZD , JIT deliveries JIT , pull of materials PULL , multifunctional teams MFT , decentralization DEC , integration of functions IF and vertical information system VIS ).H3: firms that have made continuous investments in manufacturing infrastructure in the direction of lean principles (measured by degree of Leanness DOL and degree of adoption DOC ) have better performances (measured by PERF). A correlation and multiple regression analysis was applied to test H1. Based on the statistical analyses performed, it was observed that there is support to accept H1. For H2, it was verified that the degree of adoption relationship of the model (measured by DOA) appeared significant when compared with the elimination of waste (measured by EW) and continuous improvement (measured by CI) variables. The relationship with the other variables did not prove statistically significant, for which reason it was not possible to accept this hypothesis for the Brazilian sector of agricultural machinery and implements. Correlation and multiple regression, cluster and one-way ANOVA analyses followed by Tukey s HSD test were applied to test H3. With a basis on the data and on the proposed analyses, it was observed that the data corroborates to validate H3. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a criação de valor nas empresas do setor de máquinas e implementos agrícolas no Brasil, que optaram estrategicamente pela implementação do programa Lean Manufacturing. O Lean Manufacturing foi relacionado com a visão baseada nos recursos da firma (Resource Based View - RBV), pois a produção enxuta pode ser entendida como um recurso interno não imitável e de acordo com esta visão, é tão importante quanto os fatores externos de mercado para se obter uma vantagem competitiva sustentável, na medida em que cria uma barreira à imitação pelos concorrentes (LEWIS, 2000). As variáveis definidas e estudadas neste trabalho foram baseadas na pesquisa de Soriano-Meier e Forrester (2002), onde foram definidas nove variáveis independentes para se medir o grau de adoção do programa, que foi sintetizada em uma variável dependente denominada grau de Leaness . Foi também desenvolvida outra métrica para se identificar o grau de comprometimento com o programa. Obtidas estas duas variáveis, foi verificado o relacionamento destas com a performance, que foi medida através dos índices de faturamento por funcionário e giro do ativo, calculadas a partir de dados secundários. 32 firmas do setor de máquinas e implementos agrícolas participaram da pesquisa. Dois questionários por firma foram aplicados, o primeiro para o diretor-presidente e o segundo para o diretor de operações. O estudo propôs três hipóteses: H1: firmas com alto grau de compromisso gerencial ao programa (mensurado por Com-to-JIT e Com-to-TQM) simultaneamente suportam este comprometimento com investimentos em suporte à infra-estrutura de fábrica, medido por liderança de qualidade (QLEAD), grupos de solução de problemas (GROUP), treinamento (TRAIN) e empowerment (WEMP). H2: firmas que adotaram os princípios do lean (medido por grau de adoção DOA) têm feito mudanças na direção destes princípios (medidos por eliminação de desperdício EW , melhoria contínua CI , defeito zero ZD , entregas JIT JIT , puxada de materiais PULL , times multifuncionais MFT , descentralização DEC , integração de funções IF e sistema vertical de informações VIS ). H3: firmas que fizeram investimentos contínuos em infra-estrutura de fábrica (SMI) na direção dos princípios do lean (medidos por grau de Leaness DOL e grau de adoção DOC ) têm melhores performances (medido por PERF). Foi aplicado análise de correlação e regressão múltipla a fim de testar H1. Com base nas análises estatísticas realizadas, foi verificado que há suporte para aceitar H1. Para H2, foi verificado que o relacionamento de grau de adoção do modelo (medido por DOA) se mostrou significante quando comparado com as variáveis: eliminação de desperdício (medido por EW) e melhoria contínua (medido por CI). O relacionamento com as demais variáveis, não se mostrou significante estatisticamente, motivo pelo qual não foi possível aceitar para o setor de máquinas e implementos agrícolas no Brasil esta hipótese.Análises de: correlação, regressão múltipla, Cluster (agrupamento) e one-way ANOVA seguido de teste de Turkey HSD foram aplicados para testar H3. Com base nos dados e as análises propostas, verificou-se que os dados corroboram para a validação de H3.

<p>The understanding of value is often described in terms of an industrial view in which value creation is linear, additive process. The emerging view takes a different approach to value creation: it’s interactive, relationships-based and synchronic. But either of these views capture fully the value creating importance of elements present especially in converging industries: coopetition, networks and external relationships. This thesis has been conducted by gathering primary data from telecommunication industry companies in forms of interviews. The studied companies are engaged in numerous different kinds of external relationships and they are viewed as strategically important. Additionally, respondents believed that their companieswere part of a network but no clear illustration of it could be given. For the purpose of describing some of the complexity present, the value network -framework has been developed.</p>

The understanding of value is often described in terms of an industrial view in which value creation is linear, additive process. The emerging view takes a different approach to value creation: it’s interactive, relationships-based and synchronic. But either of these views capture fully the value creating importance of elements present especially in converging industries: coopetition, networks and external relationships. This thesis has been conducted by gathering primary data from telecommunication industry companies in forms of interviews. The studied companies are engaged in numerous different kinds of external relationships and they are viewed as strategically important. Additionally, respondents believed that their companieswere part of a network but no clear illustration of it could be given. For the purpose of describing some of the complexity present, the value network -framework has been developed.