Estudamos uma classe de sistemas elípticos - \'elipson POT 2\' \'DELTA\' u + u = g(v) em \'ÔMEGA\' - \'elipson POT 2\' \'DELTA\' v + v f(u) em ÔMEGA \' PARTIAL\'u SOBRE \'PARTIAL n = \'PARTIAL v SOBRE PARTIAL n = O sobre \"PARTIAL\'\' ÔMEGA\' onde \' ÔMEGA ESTA CONTIDO EM R POT. N\' é um domínio limitado, com bordo regular e N \' > ou =\' 3. As não linearidades f e g são funções com crescimento superlinear e subcrítico no infinito. Estudamos resultados sobre a existência de uma sequência de soluções que se concentram, quando o parâmetro \'epsilon\' tende a zero, em um ponto da fronteira que maximiza a sua curvatura. Para isso utilizamos um resultado abstrato sobre existência de pontos críticos para funcionais fortemente indefinidos / We study an singularly perturbed Hamiltonean elliptic system - \'elipson POT 2\' \'DELTA\' u + u = g(v) in \'ÔMEGA\' - \'elipson POT 2\' \'DELTA\' v + v f(u) in ÔMEGA \' PARTIAL\'u ON \'PARTIAL n = \'PARTIAL v ON PARTIAL n\' = O sobre \"PARTIAL\'\' ÔMEGA\' when \'ÔMEGA THIS CONTAINED R POT. N\' is a smooth bounded domain, N \' > or =\' 3 and f and g are nonlinearities having superlinear and subcritical growth at infinity. We study an abstract result about existence of critical points of strongly as \' epsilon\' goes to zero, at a point of the boundary which maximizes the mean curvature of the boundary

The method described here for recovering the shape of a surface from a shaded image can deal with complex, wrinkled surfaces. Integrability can be enforced easily because both surface height and gradient are represented. The robustness of the method stems in part from linearization of the reflectance map about the current estimate of the surface orientation at each picture cell. The new scheme can find an exact solution of a given shape-from-shading problem even though a regularizing term is included. This is a reflection of the fact that shape-from-shading problems are not ill-posed when boundary conditions are available or when the image contains singular points.

Note de l'administrateur du service : le résumé de cette thèse est disponible dans le fichier déposé par l'auteur. Il ne peut techniquement pas être placé sous cette rubrique, dans la mesure où il contient des formules mathématiques avec des caractères grecs.

This research seeks to expand the role of variational and adjoint processing methods into segments of the sonar, radar, and nondestructive testing communities where they have not yet been widely introduced. First, synthetic aperture reconstruction is expressed in terms of the adjoint operator. Many, if not all, practical imaging modalities can be traced back to this general result, as the adjoint is the foundation for backprojection-type algorithms. Next, active surfaces are developed in the context of the Helmholtz equation for the cases of opaque scatterers (i.e., with no interior field) embedded in free space, and penetrable scatterers embedded in a volume which may be bounded. The latter are demonstrated numerically using closed-form solutions based on spherical harmonics. The former case was chosen as the basis for a laboratory experiment using Lamb waves in an aluminum plate. Lamb wave propagation in plates is accurately described by the Helmholtz equation, where the field quantity is the displacement potential. However, the boundary conditions associated with the displacement potential formulation of Lamb waves are incompatible with the shape gradient derived for the Helmholtz equation, except for very long or very short wavelengths. Lastly, optical flow is used to solve a new and unique problem in the field of synthetic aperture sonar. Areas of acoustic focusing and dilution attributable to refraction can sometimes resemble the natural bathymetry of the ocean floor. The difference is often visually indistinguishable, so it is desirable to have a means of detecting these transient refractive effects without having to repeat the survey. Optical flow proved to be effective for this purpose, and it is shown that the parameters used to control the algorithm can be linked to known properties of the data collection and scattering physics.

Diss. Uppsala : Univ., 2002.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-10T17:08:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALAN CARLOS BAIA DOS SANTOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2015..pdf: 514416 bytes, checksum: d8457c84d59d8f7ec7033999105c2f07 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T17:08:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALAN CARLOS BAIA DOS SANTOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2015..pdf: 514416 bytes, checksum: d8457c84d59d8f7ec7033999105c2f07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02 / CNPq / Para ler o resumo deste trabalho recomendamos o download do arquivo, uma vez que o mesmo possui fórmulas e caracteres matemáticos que não foram possíveis trascreve-los aqui. / To read the summary of this work we recommend downloading the file, since it has formulas and mathematical characters that were not possible to transcribe them here.

L’imagerie médicale joue un rôle de plus en plus important avec le développement de nombreuses techniques d’acquisition. Il faut principalement pouvoir restaurer (débruiter) les images et en faire une segmentation. Ainsi toute l’information qualitative et quantitative sera disponible pour affiner les diagnostics. Dans cette thèse nous proposons une contribution à cette analyse dans un contexte 3D. Nous étudions deux grands types de méthodes : les méthodes variationnelles et les méthodes par ondelettes. Nous commençons par présenter les modèles variationnels du second ordre, qui s’avèrent plus performants que la classique méthode du premier ordre de Rudin-Osher-Fatemi. Nous l’utilisons pour débruiter et segmenter après avoir donné un bref état de l’art des procédés d’acquisition des images en médecine. Nous introduisons ensuite la transformée en ondelettes et présentons des algorithmes basés sur cette méthode. Les résultats numériques montrent que ces méthodes sont performantes et compétitives. Le coeur de notre travail est de développer des rerésentations 3D qui sont bien adaptées à des données médicales complexes comme des images IRM sous échantillonnées, peu contrastées (cervelets de souris) ou des images IRM d’angiographie (cerveaux de souris). Chaque technique a ses avantages et ses inconvénients. Aussi nous proposons un modèle variationnel mixte second ordre / seuillage par ondelettes. Ce modèle se comporte particulièrement bien : le bruit est correctement éliminé et les contours et textures préservés. Pour finir, nous adaptons plusieurs méthodes de fermeture de contours (hystérésis et distance de chanfrein) dans un contexte 3D. Le mémoire se termine par une synthèses des résultats et une présentation de futures directions de recherche. / Medical procedures have become a critical application area that makes substantial use of image processing. Medical image processing tasks mainly deal with image restoration, image segmentation that bring out medical image details, measure quantitatively medical conditions etc. The diagnosis of a health problem is now highly dependent on the quality and the credibility of the image analysis. The practical contributions of this thesis can be considered in many directions for medical domain. This manuscript addresses a 3D image analysis with variational methods and wavelet transform in the context of medical image processing. We first survey the second-order variational minimization model, which was proved that better than the classical Rudin-Osher-Fatemi model. This method is considered in problems associated to image denoising, image segmentation, that makes a short state of the art on medical imaging processing techniques. Then we introduce the concept of wavelet transform and present some algorithms that also used in this domain. Experimental results show that these tools are very useful and competitive. The core of this research is the development of new 3D representations, which are well adapted to representing complicated medical data, and filament structures in 3D volumes: the cerebellum and mice vessels network. Each of these two based methods has advantages and disadvantages, we then propose a new modified model that combines these schemes in the rest of the thesis. In this situation we propose a new modified model that combines these schemes. With the new decomposition model, in the reconstructed image, noise can be removed successfully and contours, textures are well preserved. This leads to further improvements in denoising performance. Finally, the further part of the thesis is devoted to the description of contribution to extend some classical contour closing methods, namely hysteresis thresholding and contour closing based on chamfer distance transform, in the 3D context. The thesis concludes with a review of our main results and with a discussion of a few of many open problems and promising directions for further research and application.

Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Ilma Aparecida Marques Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Matemática , 2015.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-15T11:46:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 700931 bytes, checksum: e90ff8d817f64f35c7f45fb88026619e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this work, we will use the Mountain Pass Theorem, Ekeland s Variational Principle, the Concentration-Compactness Principle, the Brezis & Nirenberg Method, Penalization Method and some properties involving Nehari manifolds to obtain existence and multiplicity of solutions for the following class of elliptic systems. () 8<: u + V (x)u + u = r(x; u) em R3; = u2 em R3; where r : R3 R ! R is a function that has critical growth. / Neste trabalho, usaremos o Teorema do Passo da Montanha, Princípio Variacional de Ekeland, o Princípio de Concentração de Compacidade, o Método de Brezis & Nirenberga, o Método de Penalização e propriedades envolvendo Variedades de Nehari para obter resultados de existência e multiplicidade de soluções positivas para uma classe de sistemas elípticos ( também conhecidos como sistemas do tipo Schrödinger- Poisson)(-) 8<: -u + V (x)u + u = r(x; u) em R3; = u2 em R3; onde r : R3 R ! R é uma função que possui crescimento crítico.

Estudamos uma classe de sistemas elípticos - \'elipson POT 2\' \'DELTA\' u + u = g(v) em \'ÔMEGA\' - \'elipson POT 2\' \'DELTA\' v + v f(u) em ÔMEGA \' PARTIAL\'u SOBRE \'PARTIAL n = \'PARTIAL v SOBRE PARTIAL n = O sobre \"PARTIAL\'\' ÔMEGA\' onde \' ÔMEGA ESTA CONTIDO EM R POT. N\' é um domínio limitado, com bordo regular e N \' > ou =\' 3. As não linearidades f e g são funções com crescimento superlinear e subcrítico no infinito. Estudamos resultados sobre a existência de uma sequência de soluções que se concentram, quando o parâmetro \'epsilon\' tende a zero, em um ponto da fronteira que maximiza a sua curvatura. Para isso utilizamos um resultado abstrato sobre existência de pontos críticos para funcionais fortemente indefinidos / We study an singularly perturbed Hamiltonean elliptic system - \'elipson POT 2\' \'DELTA\' u + u = g(v) in \'ÔMEGA\' - \'elipson POT 2\' \'DELTA\' v + v f(u) in ÔMEGA \' PARTIAL\'u ON \'PARTIAL n = \'PARTIAL v ON PARTIAL n\' = O sobre \"PARTIAL\'\' ÔMEGA\' when \'ÔMEGA THIS CONTAINED R POT. N\' is a smooth bounded domain, N \' > or =\' 3 and f and g are nonlinearities having superlinear and subcritical growth at infinity. We study an abstract result about existence of critical points of strongly as \' epsilon\' goes to zero, at a point of the boundary which maximizes the mean curvature of the boundary