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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Capacidade funcional de pacientes adultos e idosos com úlceras venosas: um estudo de avaliação da enfermagem

Santos, Renata da Costa January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Fabiana Gonçalves Pinto (benf@ndc.uff.br) on 2015-12-09T15:56:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata da Costa Santos.pdf: 2120962 bytes, checksum: 03e02b4276cbd26da72b952e7768dc34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-09T15:56:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata da Costa Santos.pdf: 2120962 bytes, checksum: 03e02b4276cbd26da72b952e7768dc34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências do Cuidado em Saúde / A perda da capacidade funcional em pacientes adultos e idosos portadores de úlcera venosa prejudica a realização das atividades básicas e instrumentais do seu cotidiano. Mediante este fato, emerge a necessidade da avaliação da capacidade funcional com a proposta de melhorar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes através da prevenção de complicações e possibilidade de tratamentos que até alguns anos atrás eram impensados na perspectiva de um prognóstico de vida favorável para enfermidades, principalmente as crônicas. Partindo desse pressuposto, o objeto de estudo desta pesquisa é a avaliação da capacidade funcional em pacientes adultos e idosos portadores de úlceras venosas. E com base no pensamento apresentado anteriormente, emergiu como problema de pesquisa a seguinte questão: como a úlcera venosa pode influenciar na qualidade de vida do paciente adulto e idoso? Partindo das considerações realizadas, esta pesquisa vislumbrou os seguintes objetivos: avaliar a capacidade funcional de pacientes adultos e idosos portadores de úlceras venosas, identificar o impacto das limitações funcionais no auto-cuidado de pacientes adultos e idosos portadores de úlceras venosas e discutir a relação da capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida em pacientes adultos e idosos portadores de úlceras venosas. O estudo abordado nesta dissertação teve o delineamento do tipo transversal com enfoque observacional através avaliação da capacidade funcional dos pacientes adultos e idosos com úlceras com abordagem quantitativa descritiva simples, com amostra de 35 pacientes avaliados no Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro. Esta pesquisa obteve parecer favorável do comitê de ética em pesquisa, CAAE 04826812.4.0000.5243 com parecer n.128.921, da Instituição de Saúde em conformidade com a Resolução 466 de 2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de janeiro e abril de 2013 e para análise dos dados foi utilizada a estatística descritiva. A análise descritiva apresentou na forma de tabelas os dados observados, expressos pela média, desvio padrão, mediana, mínimo e máximo para dados numéricos, e freqüência (n) e percentual (%) para dados categóricos. Como resultado identificamos uma predominância do sexo feminino, idade média de 61,1, baixo nível de escolaridade e de renda familiar. Ao avaliar os idosos e adultos portadores de úlceras venosas através da escala de vida diária e instrumental de vida diária foi possível observar que eles apresentaram grau de independência satisfatório e um escore máximo de satisfação em relação à qualidade de vida por não apresentarem no momento complicações que levam à incapacidade funcional por perda de força muscular. Contudo, mediante os objetivos propostos deste estudo comprovou-se que o portador de úlcera venosa consegue sim desenvolver a maioria das atividades do seu cotidiano, embora receba assistência em alguma delas. Mas não é um fator preditivo. Porém a dependência, mesmo que parcial, interfere na qualidade de vida do sujeito. Principalmente quando este se encontra em pleno exercício de suas atividades laborais como os sujeitos adultos desta pesquisa. / The loss of functional capacity in adult and elderly patients with venous ulcers affect the realization of basic and instrumental activities of their everyday life. Thus, emerges the need for assessment of functional capacity with the proposal to improve these patients life quality by preventing complications and enabling treatments that were until unthought in a perspective of a life favorable prognosis for diseases, especially chronic ones. Based on these facts, the object of this research is the assessment of functional capacity in adults and elderly patients with venous ulcer patients, emerging as a research problem the following question: how venous ulcer can influence the adult and elderly patient life quality? Starting from these considerations, this research present the following objectives : assess the functional capacity of adult and elderly patients with venous ulcers , identify the impact of functional limitations in self - care of adult and elderly patients with venous ulcers and discuss the relationship of functional capacity and quality of life in adults and elderly patients with venous ulcer patients. The study discussed in this dissertation was designed by cross-sectional observational approach to functional capacity evaluation through adult and elderly patients with ulcers with simple descriptive quantitative approach with a sample of 35 patients evaluated at the University Hospital Antonio Pedro . This research obtained the assent of the research ethics committee, CAAE 04826812.4.0000.5243 with n.128.921 opinion, the Institution of Health in accordance with Resolution 466 of the 2012 National Health Council. Data were collected between January and April 2013 and analysed using descriptive statistics. Descriptive analysis showed the observed data , expressed as mean , standard deviation, median , minimum and maximum for numeric data , and frequency ( n ) and percentage ( % ) for categorical data in tables . As a result we identified a predominance of females, mean age 61.1, low education level and family income. In assessing the elderly and adults with venous ulcers across the range of daily living and instrumental daily life we observed that they had satisfactory degree of independence and a maximum score of satisfaction with the life quality for not having the time complications lead to functional impairment for loss of muscle strength. However, this study proved venous ulcers patient can develop most of their daily activities, needing assistance to execute any of them. This is not a predictive factor, but dependence, even partial, interferes on subject’s life quality, especially when it is in full exercise of their professional activities, as we can see in adult subjects in this study.
42

Fatores de crescimento para tratamento de úlceras venosas: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Carvalho, Magali Rezende de January 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Fabiana Gonçalves Pinto (benf@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-02-23T17:18:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Magali Rezende de Carvalho.pdf: 3727493 bytes, checksum: cd7ca0e5fa89bc698cb1c0a9fe619926 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-23T17:18:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magali Rezende de Carvalho.pdf: 3727493 bytes, checksum: cd7ca0e5fa89bc698cb1c0a9fe619926 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências do Cuidado em Saúde / Contextualização: Os fatores de crescimento atuam no reparo tecidual emitindo sinais modulatórios estimulando ou inibindo os processos celulares. Objetivo: Analisar a eficácia dos fatores de crescimento no processo cicatricial de úlceras venosas através da busca de evidência na literatura científica. Método: Revisão sistemática segundo as recomendações da Colaboração Cochrane. Critérios de inclusão: Ensaios clínicos randomizados sobre o uso dos fatores de crescimento no tratamento de úlceras venosas; abordando o número total de úlceras cicatrizadas, redução da área e/ou tempo de cicatrização. Exclusão: estudos em andamento, protocolos de pesquisa; artigos que associam fatores de crescimento ao enxerto de pele e estudos que incluíram úlceras de múltiplas etiologias sem análise por subgrupo. Bases de dados consultadas: Ovid MEDLINE(R); Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations; Ovid MEDLINE(R) Epub Ahead of Print; EMBASE; CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS e Web of Science. Também foram consultados a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e Google Acadêmico, além da busca manual através da lista de referências dos estudos incluídos. Não houve restrição temporal ou de idioma. A análise estatística foi realizada através do programa Review Manager 5.3 (Colaboração Cochrane). Para variáveis dicotômicas, foram calculados o risco relativo considerando um intervalo de confiança de 95%. A metanálise foi realizada utilizado o modelo de efeito fixo de Mantel-Haenszel quando I2 < 50% e modelo randômico para I2 > 50%. Resultados: A aplicação de fatores de crescimento para tratamento de úlceras venosas não acelerou o reparo tecidual comparado como tratamento padrão/placebo (RR 1,01 [IC 95%: 0,88-1,16]). Resultados semelhantes foram encontrados ao analisar os subgrupos PRP (RR 1,01 [IC 95%: 0,80-1,28]); KGF (RR 0,93 [IC 95%:0,78-1,11]); PDGF (RR 1,17 [IC 95%: 0,78-1,74]); EGF (RR 2,87 [IC 95%: 0,65-12,73; p=0,17]); TGF (RR 1,14 [IC 95%: 0,41-3,15]). Conclusão: Os resultados dessa revisão foram baseados em estudos classificados como moderado a alto risco de viés, portanto, precisam ser interpretados com cautela. Portanto, não há evidências para afirmar que os fatores de crescimento influenciam positivamente na cicatrização de úlceras venosas. Estudos mais robustos, com maior poder e melhor qualidade metodológica são necessários para de determinar melhores recomendações sobre o uso dos fatores de crescimento no tratamento de úlceras venosas. (Registro PROSPERO: CRD42016038390). / Background: Growth factors act in tissue repair by sending modulated signals stimulating or inhibiting cellular processes. Aim: To analyze the efficacy of growth factors in the healing process of venous ulcers by seeking evidence in the scientific literature. Method: Systematic review according to Cochrane Collaboration. Inclusion criteria: Randomized controlled trials using growth factors in the treatment of venous leg ulcers; approaching the total number of healed ulcers, wound area reduction and healing time. Exclusion: ongoing studies, research protocols; articles linking growth factors to the skin graft and studies that included ulcers of multiple etiologies without subgroup analysis. Databases consulted: Ovid MEDLINE (R); Ovid MEDLINE (R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations; Ovid MEDLINE (R) Epub Ahead of Print; EMBASE; CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS and Web of Science. Also, the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations and Google Scholar were consulted, as well as hand search through the list of references of included studies. There was no time or language restrictions. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software (Cochrane Collaboration). For dichotomous variables, the relative risk was calculated considering a 95% confidence interval. The meta-analysis was performed using the fixed-effect model of Mantel-Haenszel when I2 <50% and a random model for I2> 50%. Results: The application of growth factors for the treatment of venous ulcers did not accelerate the healing process compared to standard treatment/placebo (RR 1.01 [95% CI: 0.88 to 1.16]). Similar results were found when analyzing the following subgroups: PRP (RR 1.01 [95% CI: 0.80 to 1.28]); KGF (RR 0.93 [95% CI: 0.78 to 1.11]); PDGF (RR 1.17 [95% CI: 0.78 to 1.74]); EGF (RR 2.87 [95% CI: 0.65 to 12.73, p = 0.17]); TGF (RR 1.14 [95% CI: 0.41 to 3.15]). Conclusion: The results of this review were based on studies classified as moderate to high risk of bias, therefore need to be interpreted with caution. So there is no evidence that the growth factors positively influence the healing of venous leg ulcers. More robust studies, more power and better methodological quality are needed to determine the best recommendations on the use of growth factors in the treatment of venous leg ulcers. (PROSPERO Registration: CRD42016038390).
43

Clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of three alternative compression systems used in the management of venous leg ulcers

Guest, J.F., Gerrish, A., Ayoub, N., Vowden, Kath, Vowden, Peter January 2015 (has links)
No / OBJECTIVE: To assess clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of using a two-layer cohesive compression bandage (TLCCB; Coban 2) compared with a two-layer compression system (TLCS; Ktwo) and a four-layer compression system (FLCS; Profore) in treating venous leg ulcers (VLUs) in clinical practice in the UK, from the perspective of the National Health Service (NHS). METHOD: This was a retrospective analysis of the case records of VLU patients, randomly extracted from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database (a nationally representative database of clinical practice among patients registered with general practitioners in the UK), who were treated with either TLCCB (n=250), TLCS (n=250) or FLCS (n=175). Clinical outcomes and health-care resource use (and costs) over six months after starting treatment with each compression system were estimated. Differences in outcomes and resource use between treatments were adjusted for differences in baseline covariates. RESULTS: Patients' mean age was 75 years old and 57% were female. The mean time with a VLU was 6-7 months and the mean initial wound size was 77-85 cm2. The overall VLU healing rate, irrespective of bandage type, was 44% over the six months' study period. In the TLCCB group, 51% of wounds had healed by six months compared with 40% (p=0.03) and 28% (p=0.001) in the TLCS and FLCS groups, respectively. The mean time to healing was 2.5 months. Patients in the TLCCB group experienced better health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over six months (0.374 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) per patient), compared with the TLCS (0.368 QALYs per patient) and FLCS (0.353 QALYs per patient). The mean six-monthly NHS management cost was pound2,413, pound2,707 and pound2,648 per patient in the TLCCB, TLCS and FLCS groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: Despite the systems studied reporting similar compression levels when tested in controlled studies, real-world evidence demonstrates that initiating treatment with TLCCB, compared with the other two compression systems, affords a more cost-effective use of NHS-funded resources in clinical practice, since it resulted in an increased healing rate, better HRQoL and a reduction in NHS management cost. The evidence also highlighted the lack of continuity between clinicians managing a wound, the inconsistent nature of the administered treatments and the lack of specialist involvement, all of which may impact on healing. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: This study was supported by an unrestricted research grant from 3M Health Care, UK. 3M Health Care had no influence on the study design, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or on the writing of, and decision to submit for publication, the manuscript.

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