Internationaliseringen av näringslivet har lett till att svenska företag tenderar att samarbeta mer med andra bolag. Exempel på en sådan samarbetsform är joint ventures, det innebär att två eller fler företag bildar ett nytt samägt bolag. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det uppstår abnormal avkastning hos svenska företag vid tillkännagivandet av ett ingått joint venture. Vidare undersöks som underliggande faktorer om nationella och internationella joint ventures och relativa storleksskillnaden mellan moderbolagen påverkar en eventuell abnormal avkastning. Studien är kvantitativ och för att undersöka marknadsreaktionen används en eventstudie. Urvalet består av 198 joint ventures från perioden 2000-2016 som ingåtts av företag noterade på NASDAQ OMX Stockholm large, mid och small cap. Resultatet visar att det generellt uppstår en positiv abnormal avkastning i samband med tillkännagivandet av ett ingått joint venture. Dock tycks ingen av de undersökta faktorerna vara drivande bakom marknadsreaktionen.

La recherche sur la coopération internationale inter-firmes a pris son envol en 1988 lors de la publication d’un numéro spécial de Management International Review, et de deux articles théoriques populaires de Kogut (1988) et Hennart (1988) dans Strategic Management Journal. Plusieurs numéros spéciaux ont été par la suite consacrés à ce sujet dans les revuesréputées en sciences de gestion (par exemple : Management International Review, 1990 ; Academy of Management Journal, 1996 ; Journal of International Business Studies, 1996).Depuis lors, les managers appréciant la coopération inter-firmes dans les opérations d’investissement à l’étranger, la recherche sur la coentreprise ou Joint-venture Internationale (JVI) continue à s’approfondir. Notre recherche doctorale porte sur le courant récent et prometteur de la survie-interruption des JVI. Nous cherchons à étudier l’impact des expériences passées du partenaire sur la survie de la JVI dans le contexte d’un pays émergent, le Vietnam. Sur la base de la théorie del’apprentissage organisationnel, nous développons un cadre conceptuel de l’apprentissage d’expériences du partenaire. Ensuite, nous proposons un modèle et dix-huit hypothèses de recherche liées aux retours positifs des différents types d’expériences globales, spécifiques et vicariantes du partenaire sur la survie-interruption de la JVI. Les résultats de notre étude empirique sur la population des 2378 JVI au Vietnam nous permettent de constater le rôle indéniable des expériences sur la survie-interruption de la JVI du double point de vue du partenaire étranger et du partenaire local.A partir de modèles de survie de Cox estimés dans cette recherche, nous constatons que ce ne sont pas les expériences globales, mais les expériences spécifiques du partenaire qui influencent directement la survie de la JVI. Il s’agit des expériences du même mode d’entrée, du même type de répartition du capital, dans le même secteur d’activité, avec le même partenaire ou des liens répétés entre les partenaires et les expériences vicariantes du partenaire. Ainsi, la performance d’expériences passées liées aux anciens investissements (en activité ou interrompus) a des impacts sur la longévité de la JVI.Cependant, l’orientation (positive ou négative) des impacts se différencie en fonction de la nature d’expériences accumulées et du point de vue du partenaire étranger ou local. Nous constatons que les expériences du partenaire local sont plus bénéfiques : à l’exception de celles d’interruption dans le passé, la plupart contribuent à la longévité de la JVI. La JVI profite également des expériences du même mode du partenaire étranger, et notamment des liens répétés entre les partenaires. Contre nos attentes, les expériences du même type du partenaire étranger n’ont pas d’impact, et celles du même secteur sont très défavorables à la survie de la JVI. / Our doctoral research focuses on the survival of international Joint venture (JVI). We analyze the impact of partner’s past experiences on the survival of JVI in the context of an emerging country of Vietnam. Based on the theory of organizational learning, we develop a conceptual framework for the partner’s experiential learning. Then, we propose a research model and eighteen hypotheses related to positive feedback from various types of partner’s global, specific and vicarious experiences on the survival of JVI. The results of our empirical study on the population of 2378 JVI in Vietnam confirm the important role of foreign and local partner’s experiences on the survival of the JVI. According to Cox survival models, we find that it is not the partner’s global experiences, but the specific experiences influencing directly the survival of the JVI. These are their experiences in the same entry mode, the same type of capital allocation, in the same industry, with the same partner or repeated links between partners and vicarious experiences. The performance of partner’s experiences related to older investments (actually in activity or terminated) has also an impact on the longevity of the JVI.However, the direction (positive or negative) of these impacts differs depending on the nature of experiences and from the point of view of the foreign or local partner. We find that the local partner’s experiences are more beneficial than those of foreign partner: excepting of termination experiences, all of local partner’s experiences contribute to the longevity of theJVI. The JVI is also benefiting from experiences in the same entry mode of foreign partners, particularly repeated links between partners. Against our expectations, foreign partner’s experiences in the same type and in the same industry of JVI are unfavorable to the survival of the JVI.

As competitive advantage is becoming more difficult to reach in the intense business world of today, many companies are turning towards cooperation to enhance their performance. A common way to achieve cooperation between firms has been through strategic alliances, where firms can fill their gaps in terms of resources and create common strategies for success. When creating a common legal organization, it is usually done through a joint venture. Joint ventures are often used as a way for private firms to expand internationally. However, lately it is not only the private organizations that are facing this competitive business climate, but the historical view on the public sector as being inefficient and rather bureaucratic in its coordination of business development, has also put an emphasis on markets and competition in the public sector. This has lately resulted in joining forces with the private sector, to create public-private joint ventures. As the literature published on the nature of these public-joint venture is still limited to few studies and cases, this called for further exploration of the phenomena. Thus, this study aimed at exploring the dynamics of strategic alliances in a public-private joint venture. More specifically, this was done by looking at a public-private joint venture consisting of a municipality and the enterprise, using the case of Tillväxt Lidköping AB. By exploring these dynamics, the research wished to gain insight into the motives and objectives of why firms enter, stay and leave a public-private joint venture, as well as success factors and risk of failures. This was done through answering the following research question: How do the dynamics of strategic alliances unfold in a public-private joint venture? Through a qualitative case study with data collected from semi-structured interviews, this study operated inductively but in constant comparison with existent literature to formulate a model of the dynamics of strategic alliance in a public-private joint venture. The model includes a process starting with the motives and objectives to why companies and individuals engage in a public-private joint venture. After, influenced by the motives and objectives, the actual operation of the public-private joint venture including membership, strategies and management is presented, to end the process with impact of growth and cooperation. The practical contributions of this study will help managers of public-private joint venture with tools, such as how to avoid certain pitfalls and fill crucial positions. In term of theoretical contributions, this study added in exploring the gap of public-private joint venture by providing a conceptual model, as well as gave additional insights to how public-private joint ventures relates with social network theory. Moreover, the study provides policy implications, foremost for municipal and governmental bodies on how better access to centralized services can be implemented. Providing one place where all services can be accessed, can if successful facilitate smoother information sharing and enhanced competitive advantage.

by Lam Wai Hung, Even. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-63). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.v / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- UPDATE SITUATION IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (PRC) --- p.5 / Recent development of Special Economic Zones --- p.5 / New Classification of Enterprises --- p.7 / Foreign Funded Enterprises (FFEs) in 1992 and 1993 --- p.10 / More developing zones to be opened --- p.13 / Labor in China --- p.14 / Chapter III. --- THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDS --- p.21 / Reviews on Western Motivation Theories --- p.21 / Chapter - --- Need Theories --- p.21 / Chapter - --- Expectations --- p.23 / Chapter - --- Reinforcement Theory --- p.24 / "Motivation, Ability and Performance" --- p.25 / Western Motivation Theories Applied to Chinese Cultural Context --- p.31 / Chapter IV. --- THE STUDY --- p.34 / Aim --- p.34 / Methodology --- p.35 / Sampling --- p.37 / Chapter V. --- QUESTIONNAIRE --- p.41 / Chapter VI. --- RESULT AND FINDINGS --- p.44 / Findings --- p.50 / Chapter VII. --- MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS --- p.56 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.62 / APPENDIX

by Lau Pui-yin & Lee Hon-cheung. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-92). / ABSTRACT --- p.iv / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi / LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.ix / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Retailing Trend in China --- p.1 / Research Objectives --- p.4 / Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.5 / Primary Research --- p.5 / Secondary Research --- p.7 / Chapter III. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.8 / Chapter IV. --- ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS --- p.13 / Political Environment --- p.13 / Historical Environment --- p.14 / Geographical Environment --- p.16 / Socio- cultural Environment --- p.17 / Regulatory Environment --- p.18 / Regulations for FIDSs --- p.18 / Tax regime for the FIDSs --- p.20 / Co-operative Joint Ventures Approved by the Municipal Government --- p.23 / Demographic Environment --- p.25 / Population --- p.25 / Working Population --- p.32 / Illiteracy Rate --- p.33 / Economic Environment --- p.34 / Economic Performance --- p.34 / Income Level and Living Standard --- p.36 / Market Potential --- p.39 / Infrastructural Environment --- p.45 / A Concluding Comment --- p.48 / Chapter V. --- INDUSTRY ANALYSIS --- p.49 / Supplier --- p.49 / Buyer --- p.55 / Substitute --- p.62 / New Entrants --- p.66 / Intensity of Rivalry among Existing Competitors --- p.70 / Chapter VI. --- INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS AND FUTURE TRENDS --- p.79 / Chapter VII. --- RESEARCH LIMITATIONS --- p.85 / Chapter VIII. --- FUTURE RESEARCH AREAS --- p.87 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.88

by Lee Hon-man Eric, Lee Kin-man Samson. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-107). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF EXHIBITS --- p.v / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Joint Venture Manufacturing in Southern China --- p.1 / Research Objectives --- p.3 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5 / Background of Joint Venture Investments in Southern China --- p.5 / General Problems of Manufacturing Joint Ventures in Southern China --- p.8 / Socialist Chinese Manufacturing Management --- p.10 / Chapter III. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.13 / Questionnaire Survey --- p.13 / Case Study --- p.15 / Chapter IV. --- RESEARCH FINDINGS --- p.16 / Questionnaire Survey --- p.16 / Company Description and Background Information --- p.17 / Sales Forecasting --- p.20 / Production Planning and Scheduling … --- p.22 / Shop Floor Control…… --- p.27 / Materials Management --- p.29 / Comments Received in Questionnaire Survey --- p.31 / Limitations of Questionnaire Survey --- p.32 / Case Study --- p.33 / Chapter V. --- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS --- p.36 / APPENDIX 1 TYPES OF MANUFACTURING JOINT VENTURE IN SOUTHERN CHINA --- p.41 / APPENDIX 2 SATISFYING LABOR LAW IN CHINA --- p.46 / APPENDIX 3 COMPARING MANUFACTURING PRACTICES IN CHINA AND SOUTH KOREA --- p.51 / APPENDIX 4 QUESTIONNAIRE --- p.53 / APPENDIX 5 SUMMARY OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSES --- p.79 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.106

Wong Chai Ming, Simon. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstract --- p.ii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter ´ؤ --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Objectives --- p.1 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Methodology --- p.2 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Limitations --- p.3 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- China's Economy / Chapter ´ؤ --- Introduction --- p.4 / Chapter ´ؤ --- China before1949 --- p.4 / Chapter ´ؤ --- "Economic Development, 1949-77" --- p.5 / Chapter ´ؤ --- "Economic Reforms & Open Door Policy, 1978-91" --- p.7 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Economic Structure & Problems9 --- p.9 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Foreign Trade --- p.11 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Summary --- p.12 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Foreign Direct Investment in China / Chapter ´ؤ --- Introduction --- p.14 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Foreign Direct Investment --- p.14 / Chapter ´ؤ --- "Foreign Direct Investment in china, 1979-91" --- p.14 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Why Does China Need Foreign Direct Investment --- p.15 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Why do Foreigners Invest in China --- p.17 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Forms of Foreign Investment --- p.18 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Where Does Foreign Investment Take place --- p.20 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Who are the Investors and What do they Invest --- p.24 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Approval of Joint Ventures --- p.25 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Summary --- p.26 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Export Share Requirements in china / Chapter ´ؤ --- Introduction --- p.31 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Export Share Requirements --- p.31 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Contractual Export share Requirements in China --- p.32 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Why Does China use Export Share Policy --- p.34 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Export Enterprises & Technologically Advanced Enterprises --- p.41 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Attitudes of Foreign Investors on Export Share Requirements --- p.42 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Interplay of China's Policy and Investors' Strategies --- p.44 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Summary --- p.46 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Surveys of Export Share Requirements in china / Chapter ´ؤ --- Introduction --- p.50 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Cases Reported in the Literature --- p.50 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Interpretation of Cases with the Factor-Share Matrix --- p.55 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Summary of Case Survey Findings --- p.56 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Questionnaire Survey --- p.56 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Interpretation of Questionnaire results with the Factor-Share Matrix --- p.57 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Summary of Questionnaire Survey Findings --- p.59 / Chapter 一 --- Comparison of Case and Questionnaire Survey Findings --- p.59 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Appraisal of Export Share Requirements in China / Chapter ´ؤ --- Introduction --- p.84 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Theoretical Basis --- p.84 / Chapter 一 --- International Comparison --- p.86 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Economic Performance Appraisal --- p.89 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Future Directions --- p.93 / Chapter ´ؤ --- Summary --- p.95 / Chapter Appendix A --- The Questionnaire --- p.101 / Bibliography --- p.105

by Chan Tsz Fai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-136). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / 撮要 --- p.v / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi / LIST OF TABLES --- p.x / Chapter CHAPTER I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / Contemporary IJVs in China --- p.6 / Prior Analysis of IJV Partnership and Performance --- p.9 / Definition of JVs Partnership --- p.9 / Performance --- p.10 / Relationship between Partnership and Performance --- p.10 / Japanese Investment in China --- p.12 / IJVs Problem in China: A Global Perspective --- p.15 / Cultural Differences --- p.16 / Language Barrier --- p.18 / Cross Cultural Negotiation Style --- p.19 / Management Style --- p.20 / Government Policies --- p.22 / Disparate Management Style between Foreign-Chinese IJVs Partnership --- p.23 / Chinese Enterprises with Foreign Exchange Shortages --- p.25 / Lack of Strong Technology Base of Chinese Enterprises --- p.26 / Inadequate Infrastructure Support --- p.31 / Hong Kong Firms' Advantage in Interconnecting Economic and Socio-Cultural Systems between the East and the West --- p.35 / The Role of Hong Kong Companies: the Source of Boosting the Competitive Advantage of Future Foreign-Chinese Joint Venture --- p.35 / Intermediary Organization --- p.37 / Hong Kong: as an Economic Center for Trade and Investment to China --- p.40 / The Japan --- p.41 / China --- p.42 / "Opportunities, Geographical Location and Human Factors have Brought About Hong Kong's Unique Status and Role in China's Opening Up" --- p.42 / "Similarity Between Hong Kong, China and The West (Japan)" --- p.43 / Trade Policy --- p.43 / Language --- p.44 / Geographical Proximity --- p.44 / Infrastructure --- p.45 / "Similarity in Cultural Systems Between Hong Kong, China and the West" --- p.45 / Why the Intermediary Organization Formed: The Theory of International Trade in Intermediary Services --- p.50 / Decentralization and Intermediation --- p.51 / Hong Kong Firm as a Facilitator --- p.52 / Chapter (1) --- Hong Kong as a Local Conduit/Gateway to the Local Market --- p.52 / Chapter (2) --- Hong Kong as a Location for Different Kind of Firms --- p.56 / Chapter (3) --- Hong Kong as a Training Center for Foreign and Chinese Expatriates --- p.57 / Chapter (4) --- Hong Kong as Versatile Chinese Experts for Both Foreign and Chinese Firms --- p.59 / Chapter (5) --- Hong Kong as a Source of Availability of Professional Firm --- p.60 / Chapter (6) --- Hong Kong as a Trading and Infrastructure Center of China Trade --- p.61 / Hong Kong as a Financier --- p.62 / Chapter (1) --- Hong Kong Firm as the Leading Role in Syndicating Loans --- p.64 / Chapter (2) --- Hong Kong Firm as an Investor --- p.65 / Hong Kong firm as Packager and Integrator --- p.66 / Technological Propensity --- p.67 / Flexible Response in Their Strategies --- p.68 / Packaging and Integration Capability --- p.68 / Hong Kong as a Trading Partner --- p.69 / Chapter (1) --- Hong Kong as a Supply Source of Commodities-Domestic Export to China --- p.70 / Chapter (2) --- Hong Kong as a Consumer of Chinese Goods --- p.72 / Hong Kong as Middleman --- p.73 / Significance of Entrepot Trade (Re-export) --- p.73 / The Prospect of the Hong Kong Firms as a Middleman --- p.74 / Summary --- p.75 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- HYPOTHESES DEVELOPMENT --- p.79 / Hypothesis 1 --- p.83 / Hypothesis 2 --- p.85 / Comparison of IJVs' Performance in Non-metropolitan Regions against Metropolitan regions: Do Hong Kong Firms Really Help the Japanese and Chinese IJVs --- p.85 / Hypothesis 3 (a) --- p.87 / Hypothesis 3 (b) --- p.89 / Hypothesis 3 (c) --- p.91 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.93 / Sample --- p.93 / The Database of Japanese Entries --- p.93 / Measurement --- p.95 / Dependent Variables --- p.95 / Independent Variables --- p.96 / Subsidiary Type --- p.96 / Regional Variable --- p.97 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- DATA ANALYSIS --- p.99 / Chapter CHAPTER VI --- FINDING AND DISCUSSION --- p.103 / Evaluation of Hypotheses --- p.103 / Interfirm diversity and Performance --- p.104 / Local Familiarity and Performance --- p.105 / Challenges to Hong Kong firms as an Intermediators --- p.108 / The Short-sight of Hong Kong Manufacturers --- p.113 / Chapter CHAPTER VII --- CONCLUSION --- p.119 / Implication of Hong Kong Enterprises --- p.120 / Implication for Theory Development --- p.122 / Limitations --- p.123 / REFERENCES --- p.128

In this study, three theoretical frameworks (i.e., justice framework, job security framework and trust framework) and the constructs of affective commitment and loyalty to supervisor are combined in two competing models in order to study the antecedents and the consequences of organizational commitment in the context of Chinese joint ventures. The two models include distributive justice, procedural justice, job security and trust in organization as the antecedents of affective commitment; interactional justice and guanxi with an immediate supervisor as the antecedents of loyalty to supervisor; employees' turnover intention as the outcome variable of affective commitment; and employees' performance as the outcome variable of loyalty to supervisor. / Joint ventures have become a major form of foreign investment in China since it adopted its open-door economic policy, but little is known about the factors that affect job attitudes of local employees in Chinese joint ventures. Empirical studies of affective commitment and loyalty, to supervisor in Chinese joint ventures have received relatively little research attention. This dissertation fills the gap by investigating factors affecting joint venture employees' affective commitment and loyalty to supervisor in Mainland China. / The results showed that the mediation model was better supported than the direct effect model. The findings also showed that trust in organization on affective commitment mediates the relationship between perceived distributive justice, perceived procedural justice, perceived job security and affective commitment at the organizational level; trust in supervisor on loyalty to supervisor mediates the relationship between perceived interactional justice and loyalty to supervisor at the supervisory level. Practically, the findings of the antecedents and consequences of Chinese joint ventures employees' affective commitment and loyalty to supervisor have considerable implications in managing people in joint ventures. Based on the analysis, implications for future studies of joint venture employees' organizational commitment in Mainland China are also derived. / Wong Yui-tim. / "July 2000." / Adviser: Ngo Hang-yue. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-08, Section: A, page: 3258. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-163). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest dissertations and theses, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Alfred P. Sloan School of Management, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND DEWEY. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Mauricio Sancho Obregón. / M.S.