Thesis (MMedVet (Chir.))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references.

Zugl.: Berlin, Freie Universiẗat, Diss., 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Residual osteochondral debris represents a clinical problem associated with arthroscopic debridement and curettage of joint surfaces. At the Oregon State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (OSU-VTH), during a period from January, 1983 to August, 1986, incidence of radiographically recognizable osteochondral debris in the carpal joints of postarthroscopic equine patients was excessive. Uncertainty exists regarding the fate and effects of this debris on the normal equine joint. Reports in human medical literature implicate osteochondral debris as both an inflammatory stimulus and a mechanical abrasive in the pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis. This study was designed to evaluate the fate and effects of surgically implanted autogenous osteochondral fragments, intended to mimic remaining operative debris, on various physical and biochemical parameters of normal equine middle carpal joints over a six month time period. Four autogenous osteochondral fragments, removed from the lateral trochlear ridge of the talus, were arthroscopically placed as loose bodies into a randomly selected middle carpal joint in each of 10 young horses (2 to 4 years old). The contralateral middle carpal joint, subjected to a sham procedure, served as control. Postoperative therapy was consistent with usual treatment of clinical arthroscopic patients. Lameness evaluation, radiographic examination, carpal circumference measurement, and synovial fluid analysis were performed preoperatively and at scheduled intervals postoperatively. After two months of confinement, the horses were subjected to an increasing level of exercise, intended to mimic a four month conditioning program. Animals were euthanatized at 1 month (1), 2 months (2), 4 months (1), and 6 months (6). Gross and microscopic examination of remaining fragments, articular cartilage, and synovial membrane of each middle carpal joint was performed. Clinically, increased joint circumference, effusion, lameness, and radiographic appearance of degenerative joint disease distinguished implanted from control joints over the six month period. Implanted joints were grossly characterized by grooved, excoriated cartilage surfaces and synovium which was thickened, erythematous, and irregular. Loose bodies became adhered to synovium at their subchondral bone surface within four weeks after placement into the joint. At four weeks, bone within fragments was undergoing necrosis, while cartilage was preserved. At eight weeks, fragments were radiographically inapparent, grossly evident as pale plaques on the synovial surface, and composed of dense fibrous connective tissue. Histologically, synovial membrane specimens from implanted joints demonstrated significant (P < 0.05) inflammatory change two months after implantation. Mononuclear cells infiltrated the synovial layers. Significant physical damage (P < 0.05) was apparent within the articular cartilage two and six months after surgery. Chondrocyte degenerative change was significant (P < 0.05) six months after surgery. Generalized reduction in Safranin-O uptake was not apparent within each level of cartilage samples, but focal reduction in staining was readily apparent in cartilage layers adjacent to physical defects. Synovitis, physical articular damage, and focal chondrocyte degenerative change resulted from a combination of 1) direct mechnical abrasion by the implants or implant-derived debris, 2) an induced effect of osteochondral debris on the synovium, 3) synovitis-induced cartilage degeneration, and 4) supraphysiologic loading associated with exercise. In this study, osteochondral loose bodies of a defined size and shape were resorbed by the synovium within two months after joint implantation. These fragments directly and indirectly induced synovitis and significant articular cartilage degeneration. Methods to prevent and reduce residual postoperative debris and damage associated with its presence are discussed. Implementation of this methodology should reduce the potential for subsequent articular pathology. / Graduation date: 1991

Orientador: Celso Antônio Rodrigues / Banca: Ana Liz Garcia Alves / Banca: Luis Cláudio Lopes Correia da Silva / Resumo: No Brasil é crescente o número de bovinos utilizados na prática de esportes. Assim como o cavalo atleta, o bovino atleta fica sujeito a lesões ortopédicas, que a semelhança do equino, podem ser relacionadas com a modalidade esportiva. Apesar destas lesões serem amplas e exaustivamente estudadas nos equinos os estudos referentes à etiopatogenia, diagnóstico e tratamento na espécie bovina, necessitam ser incrementados. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: realizar um estudo retrospectivo dos achados radiográficos de touros atletas, acometidos de claudicação; estabelecer quais as lesões que acometem os touros atletas, correlacionado as afecções com o peso, idade, membro acometido e região do membro. Foram avaliadas 151 imagens radiográficas de 136 touros atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Dr. Halim Atique - UNIRP variando sua idade entre 4 a 13 anos, com peso médio de 800 kg e comprovada atividade física prévia, mediante participações em rodeios. Observou-se que 71,6% dos touros estudados e acometidos de claudicação, possuíam lesão radiográfica, com predomínio nos animais experientes. As enteseopatias nos touros iniciantes e experientes, artrite séptica nos iniciantes, fraturas e doença articular degenerativa nos experientes, foram as mais frequentes lesões radiográficas diagnosticadas. Os membros pélvicos foram os mais acometidos nos animais jovens, enquanto nos animais adulto a distribuição da lesão entre os membros foi equilibrada. A região do membro onde ocorreram a maioria das alterações radiográficas foi o dígito. Os fatores de risco e a ocorrência de afecções do aparelho locomotor, aos quais os touros atletas são submetidos, fazem com que as lesões se assemelhem aquelas citadas na literatura para os equinos de esporte. Este estudo possibilitou formar uma base de dados para pesquisa na área da medicina veterinária esportiva de bovinos atletas / Abstract: In Brazil, there is a growing number of bovine animals used in sports Just as the athletic horse, the athletic bovine shall be subject to orthopedic injuries, that, similar to the horse, may be related to the Sport modality. Although these lesions are extensive and thoroughly studied in equine, studies regarding the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment in the bovine species, need to be increased The objectives of this study were to establish a database for future research and demonstrate which lesions affect the athlete bulls, correlating the disorders with weight, age, affected limb and its region. Radiographic images were evaluated for 136 bulls who were taken care of at the Veterinary Hospital Dr. Halim Atique - UNIRP, ranging in age from 4 to 13 years, with an average weight of 800 kg and proven prior physical activity through participation in rodeos. It was observed that 71.6% of bulls studied and suffering from lameness, had radiographic lesions, predominantly in experienced animals the enthesopathy in starters and experienced bulls, septic arthritis in starters bulls, fractures and degenerative joint disease in experienced bulls, were the most frequent radiographic lesions diagnosed. The pelvic limbs were the most affected in starters animals, while in experienced animals the distribution of injuries among the members was balanced. The region of limb where the majority of radiographic changes occurred was the digits. Risk factors and occurrence of diseases of the locomotor system, to which athlete bulls are subjected, are similar to those of sports equines Risk factors and occurrence of diseases of the locomotor system, to which athlete bulls are subjected, are similar to those of sports equines / Mestre

Zugl.: Berlin, Freie Universiẗat, Diss., 2007.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / "August 2006" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:50:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cholfe_bf_me_botfmvz.pdf: 1229666 bytes, checksum: e834e1b96f0ab5a618064ca9adede975 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / No Brasil é crescente o número de bovinos utilizados na prática de esportes. Assim como o cavalo atleta, o bovino atleta fica sujeito a lesões ortopédicas, que a semelhança do equino, podem ser relacionadas com a modalidade esportiva. Apesar destas lesões serem amplas e exaustivamente estudadas nos equinos os estudos referentes à etiopatogenia, diagnóstico e tratamento na espécie bovina, necessitam ser incrementados. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: realizar um estudo retrospectivo dos achados radiográficos de touros atletas, acometidos de claudicação; estabelecer quais as lesões que acometem os touros atletas, correlacionado as afecções com o peso, idade, membro acometido e região do membro. Foram avaliadas 151 imagens radiográficas de 136 touros atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Dr. Halim Atique - UNIRP variando sua idade entre 4 a 13 anos, com peso médio de 800 kg e comprovada atividade física prévia, mediante participações em rodeios. Observou-se que 71,6% dos touros estudados e acometidos de claudicação, possuíam lesão radiográfica, com predomínio nos animais experientes. As enteseopatias nos touros iniciantes e experientes, artrite séptica nos iniciantes, fraturas e doença articular degenerativa nos experientes, foram as mais frequentes lesões radiográficas diagnosticadas. Os membros pélvicos foram os mais acometidos nos animais jovens, enquanto nos animais adulto a distribuição da lesão entre os membros foi equilibrada. A região do membro onde ocorreram a maioria das alterações radiográficas foi o dígito. Os fatores de risco e a ocorrência de afecções do aparelho locomotor, aos quais os touros atletas são submetidos, fazem com que as lesões se assemelhem aquelas citadas na literatura para os equinos de esporte. Este estudo possibilitou formar uma base de dados para pesquisa na área da medicina veterinária esportiva de bovinos atletas / In Brazil, there is a growing number of bovine animals used in sports Just as the athletic horse, the athletic bovine shall be subject to orthopedic injuries, that, similar to the horse, may be related to the Sport modality. Although these lesions are extensive and thoroughly studied in equine, studies regarding the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment in the bovine species, need to be increased The objectives of this study were to establish a database for future research and demonstrate which lesions affect the athlete bulls, correlating the disorders with weight, age, affected limb and its region. Radiographic images were evaluated for 136 bulls who were taken care of at the Veterinary Hospital Dr. Halim Atique – UNIRP, ranging in age from 4 to 13 years, with an average weight of 800 kg and proven prior physical activity through participation in rodeos. It was observed that 71.6% of bulls studied and suffering from lameness, had radiographic lesions, predominantly in experienced animals the enthesopathy in starters and experienced bulls, septic arthritis in starters bulls, fractures and degenerative joint disease in experienced bulls, were the most frequent radiographic lesions diagnosed. The pelvic limbs were the most affected in starters animals, while in experienced animals the distribution of injuries among the members was balanced. The region of limb where the majority of radiographic changes occurred was the digits. Risk factors and occurrence of diseases of the locomotor system, to which athlete bulls are subjected, are similar to those of sports equines Risk factors and occurrence of diseases of the locomotor system, to which athlete bulls are subjected, are similar to those of sports equines

Submitted by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2016-09-09T20:32:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 MARCELO VARASCHIN GEHM.pdf: 579818 bytes, checksum: ab3693a439153cd17184df2fc888ec66 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2016-09-09T20:33:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 MARCELO VARASCHIN GEHM.pdf: 579818 bytes, checksum: ab3693a439153cd17184df2fc888ec66 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-09T20:33:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 MARCELO VARASCHIN GEHM.pdf: 579818 bytes, checksum: ab3693a439153cd17184df2fc888ec66 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-11 / As afecções do sistema locomotor são um dos problemas mais evidenciados em equinos da raça Crioula, devido às adaptações que estes animais vêm sendo submetidos, principalmente no que tange à alimentação, manejo e treinamento. Dentre estas, destaca-se a osteoartrite társica distal, que pode acarretar perda de desempenho e, até mesmo retirada precoce da atividade atlética. Dessa forma, objetivou-se neste estudo verificar a existência e frequência de comunicação entre as articulações társicas em equinos da raça crioula, além de avaliar a eficiência da técnica de artrografia do tarso, a fim de facilitar procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos. Foram utilizados 50 (100 tarsos) cavalos crioulos de ambos os sexos, de 3 a 8 anos de idade. Destes, 30 tarsos foram excluídos do estudo devido a alterações radiográficas com perda de espaço articular. Os animais foram infiltrados na articulação intertársica distal com contraste positivo e radiografados para constatação de possível comunicação entre as articulações társicas. Verificou-se que em 42,9% dos tarsos não ocorreu qualquer passagem do contraste. Em 54,3% foi observado que o contraste passou para a articulação tarsometatársica e em 11,5% o contraste subiu para as articulações proximais do tarso. Concluiu-se com o presente trabalho que a técnica artrográfica do tarso com o acesso da articulação intertársica distal mostrou-se eficiente, porém com extravasamento do contraste para a bolsa do tendão cuneano em um número expressivo de tarsos e que existe uma porcentagem importante de comunicação entre as articulações distais e proximais do tarso na raça crioula, ressaltando a importância da artrografia antes de procedimentos diagnósticos e, principalmente, terapêuticos. / The disorders of the locomotor system in Crioulo horses are one of the most evident problems due to the adaptations they have been submitted, mainly related to feeding, management and physical training of these animals. Among these disorders, there is the distal tarsal osteoarthritis, which can cause loss of performance and even early withdrawal of athletic activity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to verify the existence of communication between the tarsal joints in Crioulo horses and to evaluate the efficiency of access to distal intertarsal joint in order to facilitate diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. 50 Crioulo horses were used, of both sexes, 3-8 years old, of which 30 tarsus were excluded from the experiment because they had radiographic changes in the region. In all the others, an infiltration of contrast in the distal intertarsal joint and a radiograph were carried out to find possible communication between the tarsal joints. It was found there was no passage of contrast in 42.9% of the tarsus. In 54.3% it was observed that the contrast has spread to the tarsometatarsal joint and 11.5% to proximal tarsal joints. We conclude with this study that tarsal arthrography technique to access the distal intertarsal joint proved to be efficient, but with contrast extravasation into the bag of cunean tendon in a significant number of shanks and that there is a significant percentage of communication between the proximal and distal tarsal joints in the Crioulo horses, highlighting the importance of arthrography before diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-15T15:51:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Durval Barauna Junior.pdf: 734474 bytes, checksum: 741df0e4a7b2278f3858f4d6f5cb23db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T15:51:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Durval Barauna Junior.pdf: 734474 bytes, checksum: 741df0e4a7b2278f3858f4d6f5cb23db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is a common disease in dogs that cause joint instability resulting in lameness and rapid development of degenerative joint disease (DJD). The aim of this work was evaluate the results of a new technique of restoration of joint femur-fabelo-tibial stability for the treatment of spontaneous CCLR in dogs, using for this purpose clinical and radiographic features. Sixteen joint of fifteen dogs were operated, six male and nine female, with weight between 2.3 to 53.0 kg (median 8.4 kg) and age between 1 year and 10 months to 11years (mean 6.1± 2.8 years), miscellaneous breed and that the interval between the suspect of lesion by the owners and the surgical procedures varied between 3 to 365 days (mean 123 ±131.5 days), were submitted to the surgical correction though the extracapsular femur-fabelo-tibial interconnection technique. The tibial compression radiographs and the distal displacement of the popliteal sesamóide were 100 per cent efficient and sensitive to the diagnostic of CCLR. In anyone of the sixteen operated joint were observed difficulty or intra-operative complication. In 3 dogs were observed discreet instability (until 2mm) in the cranial drawer test and the tibial compression test, until 180 days; however these dogs didn’t show any damage in the functional evaluation in this period. In another three operated joints a discreet degree of cranial drawer remains until the 30º day, disappearing completely at 90 days. After 30 days of the surgery all the animals showed a improvement (P≤0.05) in the evaluated parameters, with progressive improvement until the 90 days after the surgical. There was no more change statistically significant, although observed clinical improvement until 180 days, when all the animals showed complete functional recovery. The increase (90 and 180 days) in the thigh perimeter weren’t statistically significant. Among 20 joints evaluated (operated or non operated) radiographically between 0 and 180 day, the evolution of degenerative changes was seen in 90 per cent of joints. It was possible conclude that the extracapsular femur-fabelo-tibial interconnection technique evaluated in this experiment is efficient in the immediate stabilization of joint with CCLR, offering functional recovery for reduce the cranial displacement and internal rotation of the tibia, however it not arrest the osteoarthritis progression. Secondarily it can be conclude that: the nylon strands despite its elasticity and plastic deformation can produce a discreet clinical instability, it continue been a good option for joint stabilization because of its low cost, feasibility of sterilization, no production of fistulous tracts and disposability of different diameters with variable resistance adequate for the animal size. Thick strands of difficult management can be arrest through by crimp clamp system with relative facility. Another important conclusion is that like the radiographic tibial compression test, the orthopedic evaluation with tibial compression test and cranial drawer test is 100 per cent efficient in the diagnosis of CCLR, in dogs. / A ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCC) é uma afecção comum em cães, geradora de instabilidade do joelho, resultando em claudicação e rápido desenvolvimento de doença articular degenerativa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os resultados de uma nova técnica de reconstituição da estabilidade da articulação femoro-tíbio-patelar, como forma de tratamento da RLCC espontânea em cães, utilizando para isto avaliações clínicas e radiográficas. Foram operados 16 joelhos de 15 cães afetados, sendo seis machos e nove fêmeas, com peso variando entre 2.3 a 53.0 kg (mediana 8.4 kg), idades entre um ano e 10 meses a 11 anos (média 6.1 ± 2.8 anos), de raças variadas e onde o intervalo entre a suspeita da lesão por parte dos proprietários e os procedimentos cirúrgicos variaram entre três a 365 dias, (média 123 ± 131.5 dias), que foram submetidos à correção cirúrgica através da técnica de interligação extracapsular femoro-fabelo-tibial. O exame radiográfico sob teste de compressão tibial e a avaliação do deslocamento distal do sesamóide do poplíteo foram 100% eficientes e sensíveis, para o diagnóstico da RLCC. Em nenhum dos 16 joelhos operados foram observadas dificuldades ou complicações trans-operatórias. Em três cães foi observada instabilidade discreta (até 2mm) no movimento de gaveta cranial (MGC) e no teste de compressão tibial, até 180 dias; entretanto estes cães não apresentaram prejuízos na avaliação funcional neste mesmo período. Em outros três joelhos operados um grau discreto de MGC permaneceu até o trigésimo dia desaparecendo completamente no retorno aos 90 dias. Aos 30 dias após a cirurgia todos os animais apresentavam uma melhora (P≤ 0.05) nos parâmetros avaliados, com progressão da melhora até os 90 dias após a cirurgia, a partir daí não houve mais modificação estatisticamente significante, embora tenha sido observada melhora clínica até os 180 dias, quando todos os animais apresentaram plena recuperação funcional. Os incrementos (90 e 180 dias) no perímetro da coxa não foram estatisticamente significantes. Dos 20 joelhos avaliados (operados e não operados) radiograficamente nos dias zero e 180, a evolução das alterações degenerativas foi observada em 90% destes. Foi possível concluir que a técnica de interligação extracapsular femoro-fabelo-tibial avaliada neste experimento é eficiente na estabilização imediata da articulação com RLCC, oferecendo recuperação funcional ao reduzir o deslocamento cranial e a rotação interna da tíbia, porém que não impede a progressão da osteoartrite. Secundariamente pode-se concluir que: o fio de náilon, apesar da sua elasticidade e deformação plástica poder produzir uma discreta instabilidade clinica, este continua sendo uma boa opção para estabilização articular em virtude do seu baixo custo, facilidade de esterilização, não produzir tratos fistulosos, possuir diferentes diâmetros com resistências variadas adequadas ao tamanho do animal. Fios grossos de difícil manuseio podem ser presos através de grampos tubulares com relativa facilidade. Outra conclusão importante é que assim como o exame radiográfico sob o teste de compressão tibial, o exame ortopédico com testes de compressão tibial e de movimento de gaveta cranial é 100% eficiente no diagnóstico da RLCC, em cães.