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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Performance of Nonlinear Mechanical, Resonant-Shunted Piezoelectric, and Electronic Vibration Absorbers for Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Structures

Agnes, Gregory Stephen 10 September 1997 (has links)
Linear vibration absorbers are a valuable tool used to suppress vibrations due to harmonic excitation in structural systems. Limited evaluation of the performance of nonlinear vibration absorbers for nonlinear structures exists in the current literature. The state of the art is extended in this work to vibration absorbers in their three major physical implementations: the mechanical vibration absorber, the inductive-resistive shunted piezoelectric vibration absorber, and the electronic vibration absorber (also denoted a positive position feedback controller). A single, consistent, physically similar model capable of examining the response of all three devices is developed. The performance of vibration absorbers attached to single-degree-of-freedom structures is next examined for performance, robustness, and stability. Perturbation techniques and numerical analysis combine to yield insight into the tuning of nonlinear vibration absorbers for both linear and nonlinear structures. The results both clarify and validate the existing literature on mechanical vibration absorbers. Several new results, including an analytical expression for the suppression region's location and bandwidth and requirements for its robust performance, are derived. Nonlinear multiple-degree-of-freedom structures are next evaluated. The theory of Nonlinear Normal Modes is extended to include consideration of modal damping, excitation, and small linear coupling, allowing estimation of vibration absorber performance. The dynamics of the N+1-degree-of-freedom system reduce to those of a two-degree-of-freedom system on a four-dimensional nonlinear modal manifold, thereby simplifying the analysis. Quantitative agreement is shown to require a higher order model which is recommended for future investigation. Finally, experimental investigation on both single and multi-degree-of-freedom systems is performed since few experiments on this topic are reported in the literature. The experimental results qualitatively verify the analytical models derived in this work. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of future work which remains to allow nonlinear vibration absorbers, in all three physical implementations, to enter the engineer's toolbox. / Ph. D.
2

Analysis And Control Of Gun Barrel Vibrations

Buyukcivelek, Firat 01 December 2011 (has links) (PDF)
Modern battle tanks are equipped with gun stabilization systems using gyro and encoder data to stabilize the gun barrel, although these systems are very sensitive and reliable, these systems assume the gun barrel as a rigid beam, and do not use information from
3

Novel Lightweight Noise and Vibration Control Treatments for Marine Structures

Harne, Ryan 03 September 2009 (has links)
This thesis presents the development and testing of distributed vibration absorber designs with specific application to heavy plates for the reduction of vibration and sound radiation. Two particular designs, already under investigation for use on thin panels or composite materials, were adapted to passively reduce broadband vibration and noise from large and heavy plates. These absorbers are referred to as Distributed Vibration Absorbers [DVAs] and Heterogeneous [HG] Blankets. Numerical models were developed, based on the theory of sound propagation through layered media and the vibration of plates, to simulate the performance of such absorbers for a variety of applications and media characteristics. The new absorber designs were then tested on a large, marine-type plate (4 feet by 2 feet by 1/4 inch) and showed both broadband noise and vibration control from 60 Hz to 5 kHz. DVAs could reduce the vibrating plate resonance magnitudes on the order of 15 dB at their tuning frequencies while providing overall vibration reduction of 5 dB or greater at higher frequencies. HG blankets were also capable of reducing plate resonance vibration up to 15 dB at their tuning frequencies and produced overall vibration reduction of 5 dB at higher frequencies. These absorbers are entirely passive, i.e. requiring no controller or prior modal testing of the structure, were placed randomly during testing, and are designed to contribute less than 10% additional mass to the structure, making them a robust vibration and noise control solution. / Master of Science
4

Resposta ao desbalanço de rotor com absorvedor dinâmico rotativo com elemento viscoelástico / Unbalance response of rotor with rotating dynamic absorber with viscoelastic element

Fontes, Yuri Correa 19 February 2015 (has links)
O presente trabalho consiste no projeto de um modelo em elementos finitos de um absorvedor dinâmico rotativo utilizando-se um material viscoelástico como componente dissipador do sistema. O absorvedor é composto por um anel de material viscoelástico interposto entre dois anéis de aço, o qual é fixado na extremidade livre de um sistema rotativo representado por um eixo flexível, suportado por dois rolamentos, no qual estão fixos dois discos igualmente espaçados do centro entre os dois mancais. O modelo em elementos finitos do sistema rotativo é validado com os dados experimentais do modelo real e suas velocidades críticas são determinadas baseadas no diagrama de Campbell e na resposta ao desbalanço em um dos discos. O modelo inicial do absorvedor dinâmico rotativo é replicado de um modelo da literatura e as respostas a uma excitação na forma de impulso são comparadas. O modelo desenvolvido equipara-se ao da literatura para frequências até 600 Hz, intervalo que compreende as velocidades críticas a serem amortecidas. A otimização do absorvedor é realizada através de variações da geometria do mesmo e são traçadas curvas de influência de cada parâmetro sobre suas frequências naturais. Com base nestas curvas são realizadas análises de influência conjunta dos parâmetros geométricos sobre tais frequências. Pelos resultados obtidos verifica-se a possibilidade da obtenção de um modelo que atue sobre modos de flexão específicos do sistema rotativo, atenuando as amplitudes de vibração das velocidades críticas correspondentes a cada modo. Uma vez obtidos os modelos de absorvedores dinâmicos correspondentes aos dois primeiros modos de flexão do sistema rotativo, ambos são acoplados ao sistema e se observa grande redução dos picos de amplitude do primeiro modo de flexão, enquanto os picos do segundo modo sofrem baixa alteração. / The present work concerns the development, optimization and validation of a finite element model of a dynamic vibration absorber using a viscoelastic material as the damping component. The dynamic absorber consists of a ring of viscoelastic material interposed between two rings of steel, which is fixed to the free end of a rotary system represented by a flexible shaft supported by two bearings, on which are fixed two discs equally spaced in the center of both bearings. The finite element model of the rotating system is validated with experimental data from the actual model and its critical speeds are determined based on the Campbell diagram and in its response to the imbalance. The initial model of the dynamic absorber is replicated from a model of the literature and the responses to an impulse excitation are compared. The developed model matches the literature one for frequencies up to 600 Hz, range comprising the critical speeds to be damped. The absorber\'s optimization is accomplished through variations of its geometry and influence curves of each parameter over its natural frequencies are drawn. Based on these curves, combined influence analyzes of the geometrical parameters over such frequencies are performed. From the results obtained, it can be seen the possibility of achieving a model that acts on specific bending modes of the rotation system, reducing the vibration amplitudes of the critical speeds corresponding to each mode. Once obtained the dynamic absorbers models corresponding to the first two modes of vibration of the rotatative system, both models are coupled to the system and it is observed great reduction of the amplitude of the first bending mode peaks, while the second mode suffer low peaks reduction.
5

Investigation Of Stockbridge Dampers For Vibration Control Of Overhead Transmission Lines

Kasap, Huseyin 01 September 2012 (has links) (PDF)
This thesis aims to examine the performance of Stockbridge dampers used to suppress aeolian vibrations on overhead transmission lines arising from the wind. In this respect, a computer program, based on the Energy Balance Method, is developed using MATLAB. The developed computer program has also a graphical user interface (GUI), which allows the program to interactively simulate Stockbridge damper performance for vibration control of overhead transmission lines. Field tests results obtained from literature are used in various case studies in order to validate and evaluate the developed software. Moreover, sample Stockbridge damper characterization tests, which then could be introduced to the software, are performed. A custom test fixture is designed due to its unavailability of commercial alternatives in the market. In the design of the test fixture, modal and transmissibility analyses are done by using ANSYS Workbench. To further validate the test setup, transmissibility test is done and consistent results with the transmissibility analyses are observed in the range of expected aeolian vibration frequencies. Finally, the stepped-sine and swept-sine tests are performed with and without damper for the characterization test, where the latter one is performed to eliminate the negative effects of the test setup. Both tests yield almost same damper power dissipation curves.
6

Resposta ao desbalanço de rotor com absorvedor dinâmico rotativo com elemento viscoelástico / Unbalance response of rotor with rotating dynamic absorber with viscoelastic element

Yuri Correa Fontes 19 February 2015 (has links)
O presente trabalho consiste no projeto de um modelo em elementos finitos de um absorvedor dinâmico rotativo utilizando-se um material viscoelástico como componente dissipador do sistema. O absorvedor é composto por um anel de material viscoelástico interposto entre dois anéis de aço, o qual é fixado na extremidade livre de um sistema rotativo representado por um eixo flexível, suportado por dois rolamentos, no qual estão fixos dois discos igualmente espaçados do centro entre os dois mancais. O modelo em elementos finitos do sistema rotativo é validado com os dados experimentais do modelo real e suas velocidades críticas são determinadas baseadas no diagrama de Campbell e na resposta ao desbalanço em um dos discos. O modelo inicial do absorvedor dinâmico rotativo é replicado de um modelo da literatura e as respostas a uma excitação na forma de impulso são comparadas. O modelo desenvolvido equipara-se ao da literatura para frequências até 600 Hz, intervalo que compreende as velocidades críticas a serem amortecidas. A otimização do absorvedor é realizada através de variações da geometria do mesmo e são traçadas curvas de influência de cada parâmetro sobre suas frequências naturais. Com base nestas curvas são realizadas análises de influência conjunta dos parâmetros geométricos sobre tais frequências. Pelos resultados obtidos verifica-se a possibilidade da obtenção de um modelo que atue sobre modos de flexão específicos do sistema rotativo, atenuando as amplitudes de vibração das velocidades críticas correspondentes a cada modo. Uma vez obtidos os modelos de absorvedores dinâmicos correspondentes aos dois primeiros modos de flexão do sistema rotativo, ambos são acoplados ao sistema e se observa grande redução dos picos de amplitude do primeiro modo de flexão, enquanto os picos do segundo modo sofrem baixa alteração. / The present work concerns the development, optimization and validation of a finite element model of a dynamic vibration absorber using a viscoelastic material as the damping component. The dynamic absorber consists of a ring of viscoelastic material interposed between two rings of steel, which is fixed to the free end of a rotary system represented by a flexible shaft supported by two bearings, on which are fixed two discs equally spaced in the center of both bearings. The finite element model of the rotating system is validated with experimental data from the actual model and its critical speeds are determined based on the Campbell diagram and in its response to the imbalance. The initial model of the dynamic absorber is replicated from a model of the literature and the responses to an impulse excitation are compared. The developed model matches the literature one for frequencies up to 600 Hz, range comprising the critical speeds to be damped. The absorber\'s optimization is accomplished through variations of its geometry and influence curves of each parameter over its natural frequencies are drawn. Based on these curves, combined influence analyzes of the geometrical parameters over such frequencies are performed. From the results obtained, it can be seen the possibility of achieving a model that acts on specific bending modes of the rotation system, reducing the vibration amplitudes of the critical speeds corresponding to each mode. Once obtained the dynamic absorbers models corresponding to the first two modes of vibration of the rotatative system, both models are coupled to the system and it is observed great reduction of the amplitude of the first bending mode peaks, while the second mode suffer low peaks reduction.
7

Estudo teórico e numérico de absorvedores dinâmicos de vibrações ativos e adaptativos / Theoretical and numerical analysis of active and adaptive dynamic vibration absorbers

Marques, Rodrigo França Alves 05 July 2000 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Dynamic Vibration Absorbers (DVAs) have been used to attenuate vibrations in various types of mechanical systems. In its simplest form, a DVA is formed by an association of passive elements (inertia, stiffness and damping). The values of these parameters are selected so as to tune the DVA to a given value of the excitation frequency, assumed to be fixed. As a result, the attenuation capability of a passive DVA significantly decreases as the excitation frequency deviates from the nominal tuning frequency. To avoid this drawback, active and adaptive DVAs have been extensively studied lately, in an attempt to achieve larger effective bandwidths and self tunning capability. Active DVAs contain, besides the passive elements, an actuator, which applies a control force determined by an appropriate control law. Adaptive DVAs are understood as those constructed in such a way that the values of their physical parameters can be adjusted according to well-defined laws. In this work, some configurations of active and adaptive DVAs are assessed, namely: a) an active DVA using as feedback signal the timedelayed displacement response of the reactive mass (delayed resonator); b) a novel active DVA using a control law in which the control force is expressed as a linear combination of the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the reactive mass, relative to the primary mass; c) an active DVA exploring linear quadratic optimal control theory; d) a vibrating string-type adaptive DVA; e) a pendulum-type adaptive DVA; f) an adaptive DVA formed from a beam with piezoelectric patches. For each configuration the theoretical foundations are first developed. Then, numerical applications are presented to assess their main features and performance. / Os Absorvedores Dinâmicos de Vibrações (ADVs) vêm sendo largamente utilizados para a atenuação de vibrações estruturais, com aplicações nas engenharias mecânica, civil, naval e aeroespacial. Os ADVs mais comumente usados são os passivos, compostos por elementos de parâmetros concentrados de inércia, rigidez e amortecimento. Classicamente, os ADVs passivos são projetados de forma que sua freqüência natural seja sintonizada para a freqüência de excitação, admitida fixa. Entretanto, a banda de operação dos ADVs passivos é relativamente estreita, o que inviabiliza a sua aplicação para casos em que a freqüência de excitação passa a variar. Como forma de contornar esta limitação, recentemente foram desenvolvidas as concepções de ADVs ativos e adaptativos, que têm capacidade de sintonização em bandas freqüenciais mais largas. Os ADVs ativos são aqueles em que um atuador, colocado paralelamente aos elementos passivos do ADV, exerce uma força de controle que permite modificar sua sintonização. Por ADVs adaptativos entendem-se aqueles cujos parâmetros físicos de inércia, rigidez e amortecimento podem ser variados, de forma controlada proporcionando a sintonização desejada. Neste trabalho são estudadas três configurações de ADVs ativos e outras três de ADVs adaptativos. São elas: a) o ADV ativo com realimentação do sinal de deslocamento da massa do ADV, defasado no tempo (ressonador defasado); b) uma nova configuração proposta de ADV ativo com realimentação dos sinais de deslocamento, velocidade e aceleração relativos; c) o ADV ativo com controle ótimo; d) o ADV adaptativo tipo corda vibrante; e) o ADV adaptativo pendular; f) o ADV adaptativo tipo viga com atuadores piezelétricos. Neste estudo se incluem o desenvolvimento teórico e as simulações numéricas no domínio da freqüência e do tempo, realizadas com o objetivo de avaliar as características operacionais e o desempenho das configurações estudadas. / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
8

Concepçâo e avaliação numérica e experimental de um absorvedor dinâmico de vibrações termicamente sintonizável / Conception and numerical and experimental evaluation of a thermo-tunable dynamic vibration absorber

Del Claro, Vergilio Torezan Silingardi 22 February 2016 (has links)
A presente dissertação trata do estudo de um absorvedor dinâmico de vibrações (ADV) sintonizável por meio da geração voluntária de tensões induzidas por campos de temperatura aplicados a estruturas do tipo placas finas, explorando o efeito conhecido por enrijecimento por tensões (stress stiffening). Após apresentação da teoria subjacente aos absorvedores dinâmicos de vibrações e à modelagem numérica do comportamento dinâmico de placas sob a ação de tensões de origem térmica, foram realizadas simulações numéricas baseadas em discretização por elementos finitos visando à caracterização do comportamento dinâmico de placas retangulares sujeitas a diferentes tipos de carregamento térmico e condições de contorno mecânicas. Para este efeito, foi desenvolvido um procedimento de modelagem multifísica utilizando um programa comercial de análise por elementos finitos que permite considerar formas arbitrárias de carregamento térmico e condições de contorno térmicas e mecânicas. Os resultados destas simulações comprovaram que variações substanciais dos valores das frequências naturais de vibração podem resultar das tensões induzidas por campos térmicos. Com base nestes resultados, foi projetado um ADV consistindo de uma placa metálica fina circular confinada em sua borda externa por dois anéis metálicos, de sorte que a frequência natural correspondente ao primeiro modo de flexão axissimétrico possa ser ajustada pela diferença entre as temperaturas impostas à placa e aos anéis. Diversas simulações numéricas baseadas em elementos finitos foram realizadas visando à otimização da geometria e previsão do desempenho do ADV. Um protótipo do absorvedor dinâmico foi construído, dispondo de aquecedores resistivos de película para aquecimento independente e controlado de seus componentes. Diversos ensaios dinâmicos foram realizados com o protótipo visando à caracterização de seu comportamento sem e com efeitos térmicos. Os resultados experimentais confirmaram a influência significativa das tensões térmicas sobre o comportamento dinâmico do ADV e a possibilidade de obter sua sintonização. / The present work is devoted to the study of a dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) that can be tuned by the voluntary introduction of stress induced by temperature distributions in plate-like structures, based on the effect known as stress-stiffening. After summarizing the underlying theory of dynamic vibration absorbers and modeling the dynamic behavior of thin plates in the presence of thermally-induced stresses, numerical simulations based on finite element discretization have been made to characterize the dynamic behavior of rectangular plates under different thermal loads and mechanical boundary conditions. For this purpose, a general multiphysic modeling procedure based on a finite element commercial code has been developed, enabling to considerer all the possible forms of thermal load and thermal and mechanical boundary conditions. The results of these simulations have shown that significant variations of the natural frequencies can result from the induction of thermal stresses. Based on these results, a DVA has been designed, consisting of a thin circular metallic plate constrained at its outer border by thick metallic rings, in such a way that the natural frequency associated to the first axissymmetric bending mode can be adjusted according to the difference between the temperatures of the plate and the rings. A number of numerical simulations based on finite elements have been made aiming at optimizing the geometry and predicting the performance of the DVA. A prototype of the absorber has been built, having foil resistive heaters for the controlled application of heat to the plate and the rings. Dynamic tests have been carried-out on the prototype for the characterization of its dynamic behavior with and without thermal effects. The experimental results confirmed the significant influence of the thermal stresses on the natural frequencies of the DVA and the possibility of achieving frequency tuning. / Dissertação (Mestrado)
9

Modelagem e avaliação numérica de absorvedores dinâmicos de vibrações sintonizáveis baseados em ligas com memória de forma / Numerical modelling and assessment of tunable dynamic vibration absorbers based on shape memory alloys

Paulo Júnior, Wellington Luziano 10 December 2012 (has links)
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / In the context of the so-called smart materials, shape memory alloys (SMA) have been extensively investigated aiming at various applications in different types of engineering prob- lems as well as interdisciplinary problems. Specifically, SMAs have been used for the mitiga- tion of mechanical vibrations, owing to their characteristic pseudoelastic effect, which is re- sponsible for the occurrence of hysteresis. Another relevant feature of these materials is the coexistence of two crystallographic phases (martensite and austenite), which have dissimilar mechanical properties, whose relative fractions depend on temperature and stress. In the present dissertation, this latter feature is explored in association with a strategy of passive vibration control which is based on tunable dynamic vibration absorbers (TDVA). These de- vices, once connected to a vibrating structure, can have their inertia and/or stiffness and/or damping adjusted to match the excitation frequency. Specifically, such tuning is achieved by controlling the martensite/austenite fraction by applying convenient thermal loads. By means of numerical simulations, which include the integration of the equations of motion, it is put in evidence the possibility of tuning a TDVA applied to a single degree-of-freedom system, with- in a given frequency band using two configurations of the resilient element (SMA rod and helicoidal spring). The results enable to evaluate the levels of vibration mitigation achieved and confirm that the strategy investigated can provide improved performance in terms of vibration attenuation. / No contexto dos chamados materiais inteligentes, as ligas com memória de forma (Shape Memory Alloys SMA) vêm sendo intensivamente investigadas com vistas a aplicações em diversos tipos de sistemas de engenharia e em problemas interdisciplinares. Especificamente, as SMA têm sido utilizadas para a mitigação de vibrações mecânicas, graças ao chamado efeito pseudoelástico, responsável pela ocorrência de histerese. Outra característica relevante desses materiais é a coexistência de duas fases cristalográficas (martensita e austenita), com propriedades mecânicas distintas, cujas frações relativas dependem da temperatura e da tensão. No presente trabalho, esta última característica é explorada em associação com uma estratégia de controle passivo de vibrações, baseada nos chamados absorvedores dinâmicos de vibrações sintonizáveis (ADV), que são dispositivos conectados à estrutura vibratória, cuja rigidez e/ou inércia podem ser ajustados em conformidade com a frequência de excitação, de modo que a vibração da estrutura seja altenuada. Especificamente, explora-se a possibilidade de confecção de ADVs sintonizáveis cuja rigidez pode ser ajustada por meio de variações controladas da fração relativa martensita/austenita induzidas por alterações da temperatura. Por meio de simulações numéricas, evidencia-se a possibilidade de sintonizar um ADV aplicado a um sistema vibratório de um grau de liberdade, dentro de uma dada faixa de valores de frequência, utilizando duas configurações do elemento resiliente (barra e mola helicoidal de SMA), e quantificam-se as reduções de amplitudes obtidas. Os resultados das simulações confirmam o aumento da eficiência na atenuação de vibrações proporcionado pela estratégia empregada. / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
10

Londýnské oko / London Eye

Hušek, Martin January 2015 (has links)
Performance of static analysis of the London Eye structure is the subject of this diploma thesis. First chapters of the thesis analyses overview of realized structures of the Ferris wheel. The main part of the thesis analyses the London Eye structure itself. Specifically are described response analyses, sensitivity analyses, analyses of ultimate limit state and serviceability, stress analyses, analyses of fatigue stress and lifetime analyses. The thesis describes among static analysis also a design of dynamic vibration absorbers. The results of each analysis are evaluated in the final chapters.

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