Theses (M.A.)--Marshall University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains vi, 59 p. Bibliography: p. 54-57.

Thesis (M.A.) in Liberal Studies--University of Maine, 2007. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-162).

This thesis examines the current trends in skilled immigration to the U.S.: who is coming, why, and what are they doing here? The current competitive environment for attracting these skilled workers among competitor nations like Australia and Canada is assessed, and possibilities for reform that enable the U.S. to attract the right talent, minimize costs to domestic workers, and maintain dominance in international research and development are explored.

A great deal of attention has recently been focused on America’s undocumented immigrants, a population estimated at around 10 million people (Passel, Capps, and Fix 2004). Much less attention has been paid (in both scholarly and academic circles) to legal immigrants, although in 2010 (the most recent year for which complete data are available), the Department of Homeland Security granted 1,042,625 permanent resident visas. Indeed, since 1994 when the government began to publish the Annual Flow Report, we have granted between 700,000 to around 1,300,000 new legal immigrant visas annually. Legal immigration into the US involves a process of varying length. That is to say, the elapsed time between applying for a permanent resident’s visa and being granted that visa can range from as little as a few months to as long as several years. It is known that the type of visa being applied for (the various types are explained later) accounts for some of the variation in processing length, and also that lost paperwork is a significant factor (Jasso 2011). This study found no evidence of discrimination in regards to the race, skin color, and religion of the survey respondents in terms of the time it took to get their visas processed. The average wait time for visa processing was about 5 years; Mexicans and Filipinos waited longer than immigrants from other countries. For various reasons discussed in the text, our current immigration system has created a twotiered family-based immigrant visa system. That is, the system gives heavy preference to family members of persons who are already legal immigrants. The preferential status of so-called family reunification visas has been a point of controversy in immigration advocacy circles and that controversy is also reviewed.

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The aim of this study was two-fold: firstly, it attempted to focus on the earnings of foreign-born STEM professionals in the U.S. workforce to examine whether this population was at an earning disadvantage compared to the U.S. citizens. Secondly, it aimed to investigate whether legal status acquisition (from temporary work visas to permanent residency) enhanced the earnings of foreign-born STEM professionals in the U.S. workforce. This study utilized a mixed-methods (QUAN/QUAL) research design. ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) was used to test the hypothesis in order to determine any statistically significant differences between the group means. Secondary data from the National Survey of College Graduates (NSCG) was utilized for this study. The results of the ANCOVA test showed that temporary worker visa holders were not at earning advantage/disadvantage compared to the U.S. citizens, and there was no statistical evidence that legal status acquisition enhanced the salaries of the foreign-born STEM professionals in the U.S. workforce. The interviews indicated that foreign-born STEM professionals (temporary worker visa holders, LPRs, and naturalized U.S. citizens) were not at earning disadvantage compared to their U.S.-born counterparts. Although the legal status change did not enhance the salaries of the skilled immigrants, it did improve job mobility and overall flexibility.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / The influx of international graduate students in science and engineering to the U.S. has changed since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The implementation of the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) and related F-1 visa policies have required a higher level of scrutiny of the student visa procedures, and introduced strict student monitoring policies and measures. In addition, the SEVIS monitoring and compliance system has altered the operation of international student service offices, affected the students they serve, and the operation of the universities enrolling international students. This study investigated the effects of SEVIS on graduate programs in science and engineering and their students. Information was gathered from respondents from the 60 universities having the highest population of intemational students in these fields, according to NSF. Respondents included department administrators, admissions officials, and SEVIS professionals. Data V111 were collected from 75 on-line survey respondents and in 21 semi-structured interviews. The results of this study suggest that many international students are negatively affected by SEVIS, impacting their ability to remain in-status and to understand how the system works. To counter this, department administrators, SEVIS professionals, and student advisors have increased their level of support for these students, providing them guidance on how to remain in-status and how to improve their social and academic experience in the United States. As a result, relatively few international students are deported for falling out-of-status in SEVIS. The data also made clear that program administrators and admissions officials have little knowledge about SEVIS, F -1 visa policies, and their influence on international enrollments. Finally, this study provided evidence of an increased workload for international student advisors and SEVIS professionals. Universities have had to hire additional staff, increase their information technology investment in linking home-grown student service systems with SEVIS, and proactively anticipate any hurdles that international students may have and resolve them as expeditiously as possible. / 2999-01-01

Ante las grandes movilizaciones migratorias, en diversas regiones del mundo, se han dado respuestas estatales considerando la situación de vulnerabilidad de las personas migrantes. Estos contextos son el caso de, por ejemplo, los migrantes sirios y migrantes nor-africanos a Europa, los migrantes de Centro América a México y los migrantes venezolanos a Estados de Sudamérica. En ese sentido, se ha podido evidenciar que diversos Estados han optado por la formulación de mecanismos de control migratorio como es el caso de las visas humanitarias. En este contexto, existe la necesidad urgente de determinar parámetros, en base a un enfoque de derechos humanos, que permita establecer un límite razonable a la aplicación de tales mecanismos. Con ese propósito, este trabajo de investigación busca reconocer la naturaleza de las visas humanitarias, a través de la identificación de los elementos que las componen, para eventualmente, analizar su concordancia o no con el marco jurídico del Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos (DIDH). Además, una vez que se identifiquen los elementos, se podrá reconocer en la práctica cuándo un Estado las formula con la finalidad de brindar protección y cuándo, por el contrario, busca establecer barreras al acceso a su territorio, llegando a desnaturalizar la figura y configurando posibles violaciones a los derechos humanos de las personas migrantes. / Migración internacional|zVenezuela.

Diploma thesis "Influence of the European Union on the mobility of volunteers coming to the Czech Republic" deals with the mobility of volunteers from partner countries of the EU who participate in the European Voluntary Service - the EU programme of. non -formal education in the Czech Republic. The thesis follows the existing development of mobility of people till 2004, when the Council of the EU used its increased competence in the area of freedom, security and justice and approved the Directive 2004/114/EC on the conditions of admission of third - country nationals for the purpose of studies, pupils exchange, unremunerated training or voluntary service. It is the first time ever when the Directive mentions the volunteers as a specific target group of the mobility for educational purpose. The paper evaluates if the directive reflects the present challenges of recognition of the non - formal education on the European level. Further on, it focuses specifically on the year 2007 when the influence of the European legislature entered into the immigration policy of the Czech Republic, particularly in the amendment of the act on residence of foreigners on the territory of the Czech Republic n. 326/1999 Sb. which among others allows the volunteers in the age of 18 till 25 years old to apply for the...

Memoria para optar al grado de Licenciada en Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales / El presente trabajo tuvo como objeto determinar los principales argumentos jurídicos utilizados por los tribunales chilenos para revocar una medida de expulsión que recayera sobre una persona extranjera. Por medio de la recopilación de jurisprudencia emanada por los tribunales superiores de justicia, se observó su ejercicio de ponderación de bienes jurídicos, en el cual por una parte se encuentran el principio de legalidad formal y el ejercicio de la soberanía de los órganos del Estado y, como contrapeso, la libertad personal y la unidad familiar, entre otros. En la primera parte de este trabajo se presentará la reciente situación migratoria en Chile, sus tendencias en los últimos años, así como también una observación crítica de su marco normativo interno. Posteriormente pasaremos a ver diversos tratados internacionales suscritos por Chile en los cuales se trata la expulsión de inmigrantes y los principales argumentos utilizados por la jurisprudencia chilena para revocar medidas de expulsión. Para finalizar, revisaremos los hechos y principales argumentos utilizados en sentencias judiciales de tribunales chilenos en las que se revocaron medidas de expulsión, influenciados por los principios y bienes jurídicos amparados internacionalmente que estudiaremos en este trabajo. La conclusión principal de este trabajo fue la importancia del arraigo del inmigrante al país, pues en el ejercicio de ponderación de la jurisprudencia estudiada resultó determinante el desarrollo de un proyecto de vida en el país