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Environmental Impacts of Camping in Low Regulatory Wilderness: Geographic Patterns in the Allegheny National Forest and their Implications for ManagementLee, Nathaniel H. 11 April 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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A tale of two zoos : a study in watching people watching animalsFrede, David January 2007 (has links)
Doctor of Philosophy / Zoological gardens, or zoos, keep and display wild animals, mainly for the purposes of education, conservation and biological research. However, it is evident that a significant component of zoos is the vast number of people who visit them, since without the support of visitors, zoos would not be financially viable and would cease to exist. This research investigates the behaviours of these visitors and develops an understanding of their awareness relating to what they see and do while they are in the zoo, along with their motivations for visiting. The study focuses on two major metropolitan zoos in Australia: Adelaide (in South Australia) and Taronga (in Sydney, New South Wales). A brief historical account contextualises changes, raising awareness of the significance of visitors to the livelihood of zoos. More and more zoos are integrating into their management routines different programmes that relate to the care and welfare of the animals. Despite recent growth in scientific attention, which has focused on human-animal relationships, little research has been conducted relating to the human visitor in the zoo. To date, decisions made by administrators have been based upon assumptions of the visitors’ understanding of the work of zoos rather than on actual quantitative findings. This empirical research is significant in that it uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to appraise factual data and information. The data from unobtrusive tracking observations at different exhibits, combined with the results of questionnaire surveys, are used to explore and assess the perceptions of visitors. In developing a demographic profile of the people who visit zoos, this work considers the motivations and the frequency of visitors. Various factors that influence the viewing patterns of visitors are explored to assess the popularity of exhibits, and the perceptions of visitors relating to animals and enclosures are investigated, to assess the diverse levels of satisfaction. Case studies explore the perceptions and understandings of visitors towards the use of enrichment items, the use of signs and labels, and a hypothetical approach to the feeding of carnivores in zoos. The results are important in that they contribute essential knowledge that describes the perceptions of a wide range of people who visit zoos, along with their expectations, since it is crucial for these institutions to maintain their popularity with the public.
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Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Khao Yai National Park, ThailandPhumsathan, Sangsan 2010 August 1900 (has links)
Knowledge of visitor impacts is critical for sustainable tourism management in
national parks. The focus of past tourism impact research on national parks is either on
bio-physical impacts (conducted as recreation ecology research) or on social impacts
(human dimensions, including environmental perception and crowding). Research
integrating these two dimensions has been rarely conducted. This research aims to fill
this gap through the integrative approach that attempts to understand current biophysical
impacts of visitor activities in a national park, and it examines how visitors
perceive these impacts. The primary objectives of this dissertation are 1) to provide a
synthesis of existing of bio-physical impacts of visitor activities in the Khao Yai
National Park (KYNP) and 2) to examine visitors’ perception of those impacts. Also, the
factors affecting visitors’ perception are analyzed. Both qualitative and quantitative
methods were used in this study. Previous impact studies conducted in KYNP were
reviewed. A visitor survey was conducted between December 2008 and February 2009.
The questionnaires were distributed to 628 domestic and 40 international visitors. The 38
KYNP official interviews were completed.
Based on previous impact research in KYNP, the most common bio-physical
impacts include soil compaction, removal of humus layer, erosion, plant damage, soil
and root exposure, water quality deterioration, disturbance and feeding wildlife. Other
environmental impacts include noise pollution and garbage accumulation. The results
indicate that more than 30 percent of visitors do not recognize the negative results of their
activities. With the exception of vegetation and water impacts, overall, visitors perceive
the impacts as less severe than the actual impacts. Environmental impacts are rated
differently by the KYNP officials, domestic, and international visitors. Also, significant
differences were found among birders, hikers, and campers. The key factors influencing
impact perceptions include income level, education level, residential location, park
visitation experience, length of stay in KYNP, recreation activity, frequency of activity,
group type, and group size. It is suggested that both the quality and the quantity of
visitor impact research are needed to construct the body of knowledge of impacts in
KYNP. A long-term impact monitoring is required to sustain the ecological integrity in
KYNP.
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A tale of two zoos : a study in watching people watching animalsFrede, David January 2007 (has links)
Doctor of Philosophy / Zoological gardens, or zoos, keep and display wild animals, mainly for the purposes of education, conservation and biological research. However, it is evident that a significant component of zoos is the vast number of people who visit them, since without the support of visitors, zoos would not be financially viable and would cease to exist. This research investigates the behaviours of these visitors and develops an understanding of their awareness relating to what they see and do while they are in the zoo, along with their motivations for visiting. The study focuses on two major metropolitan zoos in Australia: Adelaide (in South Australia) and Taronga (in Sydney, New South Wales). A brief historical account contextualises changes, raising awareness of the significance of visitors to the livelihood of zoos. More and more zoos are integrating into their management routines different programmes that relate to the care and welfare of the animals. Despite recent growth in scientific attention, which has focused on human-animal relationships, little research has been conducted relating to the human visitor in the zoo. To date, decisions made by administrators have been based upon assumptions of the visitors’ understanding of the work of zoos rather than on actual quantitative findings. This empirical research is significant in that it uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to appraise factual data and information. The data from unobtrusive tracking observations at different exhibits, combined with the results of questionnaire surveys, are used to explore and assess the perceptions of visitors. In developing a demographic profile of the people who visit zoos, this work considers the motivations and the frequency of visitors. Various factors that influence the viewing patterns of visitors are explored to assess the popularity of exhibits, and the perceptions of visitors relating to animals and enclosures are investigated, to assess the diverse levels of satisfaction. Case studies explore the perceptions and understandings of visitors towards the use of enrichment items, the use of signs and labels, and a hypothetical approach to the feeding of carnivores in zoos. The results are important in that they contribute essential knowledge that describes the perceptions of a wide range of people who visit zoos, along with their expectations, since it is crucial for these institutions to maintain their popularity with the public.
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