Abstract Purpose — The purpose of this thesis is to find how visual identity components impact on the sales of H&M. Through the establishment of a theoretical model. Methodology/approach — Base on the model, the thesis used qualitative research and quantitative research method. The qualitative research method referred to the interview with H&M managers. The quantitative research method referred to questionnaires for 120 customers and the Eviews analysis software. Eviews analysis software was used to analyze the mathematical relationship between the visual identity components and H&M sales. Findings —Through the analysis of the questionnaire and interviews, the thesis found that logotype and/or symbol, advertising and storefront were more important components for H&M sales among the eleven visual identity components. By the Eviews analysis software, the thesis analyzed and found the quantitative relationship between these three visual identity components and the sales revenue of H&M. Research limitations — First of all, the literature on the study of the visual identity for the company is rare. Second, the result of H&M’s analysis may not be applied to all brands. Originality/value —The results showed that H&M can invest more on these three important visual identity components we identified to increase their sales revenue. This is a more effective way for brand awareness. At the same time, this paper fills the gaps in the related articles. The thesis is a detailed research of the important visual identity components impacting on the company. Keywords — Visual identity, Visual identity components, Advertising, Logotype, Storefront Paper type: Research paper

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of logotypes within the visual identity and identify possible reasons that motivate companies to change their logo. This paper should also clarify how different parts of the visual identity affect each other and how they are interconnected. The thesis research question is formulated with the purpose in mind and has led to the following question: How can a logo change contribute to enhanced visual identity?   Since we wanted to obtain a better understanding of the chosen research area with help of interviews have we chosen a qualitative method for this thesis. During the process we have let the empirical material control the chosen theories. Our gathered theories are from secondary data and the empirical material has been collected from semi-structured interviews.  In order to obtain a wider range of our research topic, we have selected the interviewed respondents from different industries and areas of work. In our work process, we have analyzed and discussed the impact of a logo and how a logo change could impact on the visual identity. Our research showed that a single logo change would not necessarily have an impact on the visual identity but would improve with a combined match of the identities other components. During our process we also identified three main ingredients that a good logo should contain. Finally, we have developed a theory that shows how visual identity components are interconnected.

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This research recommends a new approach to brand strategy for Korean professional football teams, focusing on the relationships between team brand identity as the basic element of sports team branding, team brand loyalty as the most desirable goal, and identification between fans and teams as the mediator between identity and loyalty. Nowadays, professional football teams are no longer merely sporting organisations, but organisational brands with multi-million pound revenues. It is vital for football teams to build a relevant brand strategy based on the relationship with their fans. Existing research on sports branding suggests that fans who are deeply identified with a specific team tend to possess extremely high loyalty, holding a particular team as central to their identity. Therefore, managing the relationships between team brand identity, fan-team identification, and team brand loyalty can be the most powerful brand strategy for football teams, particularly for Korean football teams that do not retain strong fan bases and yet desire to gain consumers who identify with them. Through two empirical studies and case study analysis this research investigated a construct of team brand identity in the professional football context. Consumers’ associations with football teams were examined and 13 elements of a team brand identity scale were developed. It was revealed that team brand identity is composed of four identity dimensions which are experience, visual, non-product, and product. Case studies, with a further literature review of team brand identity, clarified and confirmed the first study findings. The final empirical study tested and confirmed the correlated and serial relationships, and provided the basis for the new theoretical model on which to build the brand strategy.

Corporate sound as a company-controlled element of corporate identity management has been widely ignored in corporate identity and corporate image literature so far. Moreover, established corporate identity models show some visual dominance that has inhibited the integration of other sensory elements such as the auditory dimension. This thesis advances current knowledge in the corporate identity, corporate image and corporate communication domain by investigating the construct of auditory identity from a corporate perspective. In detail, the study investigates factors that determine the management of auditory identity as well as consequences of corporate auditory identity management (CAIM) as perceived by managers. A triangulated research approach was employed by using qualitative data from interviews with managers and consultants from UK companies as well as quantitative data from questionnaires completed by managers from UK companies in the media, information and communication as well as the banking and finance industry. While qualitative data initially was used to gain deeper understanding of the underresearched auditory topic, quantitative data was statistically examined using EFA and PLS-SEM to test the structural model. Findings suggest, inter alia, that the definition of corporate auditory identity provided in this research is widely supported by qualitative data. Moreover, quantitate data indicates that the support of the CEO is a key factor for the successful implementation of an auditory identity programme. Furthermore, all ten consequences of corporate auditory identity management such as gaining differentiation, improving corporate image, supporting consistent corporate communication and increasing recognisability just to name few are widely supported by qualitative as well as quantitative data. This thesis advances corporate identity, corporate image and communication literature in many ways. Mainly, it provides a valid definition of the new construct of auditory identity as well as scales for measuring corporate auditory identity management on which researchers can build in the future. Based on the identified potential of corporate sound academics are encouraged to overcome the visual dominance by incorporating auditory identity into future concepts, frameworks and models. Moreover, managers can benefit from this research and the provided definition of auditory identity in particular as it reduces the uncertainty about the auditory domain and suggests a more holistic view of corporate identity management. Additionally, this study provides managers with a deeper understanding of the potential of corporate sound by testing a set of consequences of auditory identity management. Consequently, managers are advised to employ a more strategic management of sonic elements and applications in the future. To sum up, this research is one of the first that investigates the management of sound from a corporate perspective and the researcher strongly believes that it constitutes a foundation that facilitates a variety of avenues for research.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-01T17:05:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabrielly Del Carlo Richene.pdf: 30781587 bytes, checksum: ccf7613eeb6fa94d049265e206710099 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-01T17:05:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabrielly Del Carlo Richene.pdf: 30781587 bytes, checksum: ccf7613eeb6fa94d049265e206710099 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A new game developer has born and needs a visual identity to represent your brand. This work covers the path used to create this identity, which seeks to analyze terms and materials in graphic design, offering solutions and ways to develop a logo properly. These paths lead us to study methods for analyzing the competition market, ranking terminologies of their visual identities and create briefings on how to develop study methodology of shapes, colors, sketches and uses to formulate a logo for that particular company / Uma nova empresa produtora de jogos eletrônicos nasce e necessita de uma identidade visual para representar sua marca. Com esta pesquisa, pretende-se problematizar sobre as questões que envolvem a criação da identidade visual de uma determinada marca. De fato, busca-se analisar os aspectos que envolvem as características do design gráfico para a apresentação de soluções e percursos para o desenvolvimento de um logo para uma desenvolvedora de jogos eletrônicos. Os caminhos que serão apresentados nos levam a refletir sobre métodos para desenvolvimento de uma identidade: elaboração de diagnóstico, análise da concorrência, elaboração de um posicionamento para a marca a partir da imagem de seu logo, definindo terminologias para essa identidade visual à partir de briefings que irão definir formas, cores, características sintáticas e semânticas. Estas serão utilizadas para formulação da identidade visual de uma empresa de jogos eletrônicos

A economia brasileira passa, no período de 2000 até meados de 2008, por uma fase de relativa estabilidade. Tal situação permitiu às empresas elaborar estratégias de médio prazo e a implementá-las, muitas vezes de maneira bem sucedida. Observa-se assim, a valorização de algumas empresas brasileiras, considerando-se não só os seus ativos físicos, mas também as suas marcas, que passaram a constituir ativos que não deviam ser desprezados. Revisões dos Sistemas de Identidade Visual têm acontecido com maior freqüência, com a atualização de Identidades Visuais defasadas e, em alguns casos, com a mudança do próprio nome da empresa. Pretende-se, neste trabalho, analisar a Identidade Visual Corporativa resultante desses processos de revisão segundo a metodologia de Norberto Chaves, e seus catorze parâmetros de alto desempenho de símbolos e logotipos. O universo de pesquisa é formado pelas dez marcas brasileiras mais valorizadas, segundo as avaliações feitas no Brasil pela consultoria inglesa Interbrand, no ano de 2007. / The Brazilian economy at 2000 decade goes through a stable period of time, between 2000 and 2008. This situation has allowed corporations to elaborate some middle term and long term strategies, and to put them into practice, many times in a successful way. As a result, there was the corporation´s value increment, not only of physical resources, but also of brand value. The brand became a resource not to be despised. Revisions on Visual Identity Systems have happened more frequently, with renew of old Visual Identities and, in some cases, with the change of the corporation´s name. In this work is intended to analyze the Visual Identify after the revision process, according to Norberto Chaves methodology and his fourteen parameters of high performance for symbols and logotypes. The research is based on the ten most valuable Brazilian brands, according to Interbrand´s 2007 evaluation.

Graphical trademarks, or logos, represent important aspects of organizational identity and have become ubiquitous in society. Although the conventional wisdom of practitioners in design and business dictates that trademarks should be unique and distinctive, anecdotal evidence suggests that many trademarks appear to be similar to one another. This dissertation attempts to understand patterns of similarity and difference in graphical trademark design through the lens of neoinstitutional theory in sociology. Using data on trademarks from the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the designs of the over 750,000 graphical trademarks filed in the United States between 1884 and 2003 are analyzed in terms of their content, design complexity, and degree of design realism or abstraction. A series of hypotheses regarding trademark design dynamics is tested. Evidence is found suggesting that, rather than providing distinctiveness, trademarks serve to provide legitimacy to organizations by imitating the symbols employed by other organizations, particularly those within the same industry. Further analysis examines the institutionalization and deinstitutionalization of norms in trademark design within industries over time. Finally, the survival of trademarks that deviate from design norms, relative to more normal trademarks, is studied. While such "deviant" trademarks do not seem more likely to be abandoned or cancelled or to expire, further study suggests that trademarks that adhere most strictly to design norms are more likely to survive in use over time.

A economia brasileira passa, no período de 2000 até meados de 2008, por uma fase de relativa estabilidade. Tal situação permitiu às empresas elaborar estratégias de médio prazo e a implementá-las, muitas vezes de maneira bem sucedida. Observa-se assim, a valorização de algumas empresas brasileiras, considerando-se não só os seus ativos físicos, mas também as suas marcas, que passaram a constituir ativos que não deviam ser desprezados. Revisões dos Sistemas de Identidade Visual têm acontecido com maior freqüência, com a atualização de Identidades Visuais defasadas e, em alguns casos, com a mudança do próprio nome da empresa. Pretende-se, neste trabalho, analisar a Identidade Visual Corporativa resultante desses processos de revisão segundo a metodologia de Norberto Chaves, e seus catorze parâmetros de alto desempenho de símbolos e logotipos. O universo de pesquisa é formado pelas dez marcas brasileiras mais valorizadas, segundo as avaliações feitas no Brasil pela consultoria inglesa Interbrand, no ano de 2007. / The Brazilian economy at 2000 decade goes through a stable period of time, between 2000 and 2008. This situation has allowed corporations to elaborate some middle term and long term strategies, and to put them into practice, many times in a successful way. As a result, there was the corporation´s value increment, not only of physical resources, but also of brand value. The brand became a resource not to be despised. Revisions on Visual Identity Systems have happened more frequently, with renew of old Visual Identities and, in some cases, with the change of the corporation´s name. In this work is intended to analyze the Visual Identify after the revision process, according to Norberto Chaves methodology and his fourteen parameters of high performance for symbols and logotypes. The research is based on the ten most valuable Brazilian brands, according to Interbrand´s 2007 evaluation.

This research is primarily concerned with extending the current knowledge of the corporate logo by developing a comprehensive conceptual model of its influence on corporate image and corporate reputation within the discipline of marketing. By examining the conceptual model, this research challenges the claim that a corporate logo, as a company’s ‘signature’, communicates corporate identity (Bromley, 2001; Van Riel et al., 2001) and enables the company to build an image of the company in the consumer’s mind (Henderson and Cote, 1998). Despite the significant and positive view of corporate logos as a communication tool, little systematic research has examined the effect of the components of logos on consumer evaluations of corporate logos (Henderson and Cote, 1998; Pittard et al., 2007; Van der Lans et al., 2009). Furthermore, too little study has been made of the relationship between the corporate logo, its dimensions, antecedents and consequences (Van Riel et al., 2001). This thesis adopts a mixed-method research design – a predominantly quantitative approach, which is supported by insights from an exploratory phase which encompasses in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The research’s conceptual model was developed on the basis of qualitative study and the existing literature. In the second phase, this conceptual model was used to examine consumers’ perceptions of the influence of the corporate logo on corporate image and corporate reputation in the context of a financial setting in the UK. A sample of 332 respondents allowed multivariate analysis of the data to be undertaken. It used exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Cronbach-alpha and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to ensure that the scales developed and adapted were robust in terms of validity and reliability. Structural equation modelling (SEM) allowed the hypotheses between constructs to be examined. The model confirmed a good fit to the data, good convergent, discriminant and nomological validity and stable reliability. Based on the statistical results, qualitative study (in-depth interviews and focus groups) and the related literature, the current research found that, apart from colour, all the antecedent factors (corporate name, design and typeface) impact favourably on the corporate logo. Furthermore, the relationship between the corporate logo and the consequences were evaluated; the results of the hypotheses testing demonstrate that that the corporate logo has greater impact on corporate image, attitude towards advertising, recognisability and familiarity. In addition, the relationship between corporate image and corporate reputation was confirmed. However, an unexpected outcome was that the relationship between attitudes towards advertising, recognisability and familiarity and corporate image were not significant. Overall, this study presents the corporate logo as a complex phenomenon. This thesis is the first systematic research to have conceptualised and operationalized the concept of the corporate logo, its antecedents and its consequences. This examination is expected to be of value in advancing current knowledge by offering a threefold theoretical contribution to the literature as theory extension, the level of conceptualisation and measurement and theory testing and generalisation. In terms of methodology, this research used a multi-disciplinary approach to the corporate logo concept since a major contribution of this research aimed to provide a holistic perspective on the domains of marketing, corporate identity, corporate visual identity and the literature on corporate logos. Furthermore, it is hoped that this investigation will make a considerable managerial contribution to the understanding of decisionmakers and graphic designers about the whole relationship between a favourable corporate logo, its antecedents and its main consequences. A clear understanding of the dimensions of the relevant concepts can help managers and designers to devise corporate logos which are more likely to advance a favourable corporate image and corporate reputation. This study seeks to develop an understanding of the construct of the corporate logo and some of its antecedents and outcomes, although the findings are not without some limitations in the methods of sampling/analysis and measurement. Additional guidelines are presented in the hope of stimulating further investigations to incorporate the novel research directions in the study of the corporate logo and its antecedents and consequences.