This dissertation takes the opportunity to explore an existing building in need of change owing to changing environments. The proposed project is situated within the city context of Pretoria and aims to address the unavoidable nature of architecture, which involves the degradation of buildings over time. The main focus of this study is the concept of waiting, where the city dweller has to endure spending time in everyday surroundings in a built environment. The study attempts to understand the deeper psychological meaning of waiting better in order to provide places that are sympathetic to the waiting person. The aim of this dissertation is to justify the importance of the waiting place and to investigate waiting places in everyday environments, in order to determine physical factors that influence the experience of people while waiting. These factors inform decisions to provide improved facilities within an informal transport system, while generating new functions in response to the behaviour of people in a transit environment. The principles of waiting are exploited to create an environment where the building acts as generator for new infill parts to serve the user. The project envisages a fresh approach to reunite the waiting place and architecture to create a social gathering space. The project’s main goal is to consider the waiting space as one that serves as a transition place for travellers, providing the commuter with the opportunity to orientate and recover from tiring daily activities. The proposed project addresses the needs of the city dweller by means of a renewed building intervention. The changing context required a site related function that serves the user and acts as a support system in the city, facilitating future growth. / Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Architecture / unrestricted

Magister Commercii (Information Management) - MCom(IM) / At public sector health facilities in Cape Town, South Africa, patients experience very high waiting times, with a medium waiting time of 3 hours which prevailed at the study facility being common. So the question arose as to why waiting times are so very high and what could be done to reduce them? While for the facility under investigation the immediate causes of the high waiting times were known, the underlying causes were quite opaque. A concern expressed therefore, was that if the underlying causes were not uncovered then efforts to reduce waiting times might not be successful, as they would just address the immediate causes. The legitimacy of the concern derives from the view that if underlying causes are not addressed, then they will continue to exert an influence on the immediate causes, and therefore perpetuate the environment which creates fertile ground for immediate causes to arise and persist, with resultant persistence of high waiting times. Hence, my interest to undertake research to explore the underlying causes of high waiting times. / 2018-12-14

Submitted by Douglas Yugi Bocal Harada null (doug_yugi@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-06T01:29:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação.pdf: 1782026 bytes, checksum: 4fca65d6b1b81ce49083cec1063ab88e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-09-06T16:46:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 harada_dyb_me_sjrp.pdf: 1782026 bytes, checksum: 4fca65d6b1b81ce49083cec1063ab88e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T16:46:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 harada_dyb_me_sjrp.pdf: 1782026 bytes, checksum: 4fca65d6b1b81ce49083cec1063ab88e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O tempo de espera é uma variável muito estudada em nosso cotidiano e não pode ser desconsiderada ou minimizada, principalmente quando algum tempo é tomado de uma pessoa por outras que não respeitam uma ordenação estabelecida em sistemas de atendimento. No caso das filas, isso poderia ser evitado em boa parte, se todos entendessem sua estrutura e sua finalidade. Esta investigação tem como objetivo desenvolver um aprendizado sobre sistemas de filas e suas possíveis aplicações, além de estabelecer alguns aspectos educacionais sobre esse assunto. Este estudo foi desenvolvido no âmbito escolar, considerando o caso da educação em filas. A investigação iniciou-se com pesquisa bibliográfica de aspectos teóricos sobre filas e sobre os conceitos de tempo de espera, tipos de filas e suas aplicações. Seguidamente, foi realizado um questionário referente à estrutura de filas e sua educação básica, com a finalidade de avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos alunos. Após a aplicação dessa etapa, foi realizada uma apresentação sobre o tema tratado e, em seguida, aplicação de outro questionário, a fim de analisar a existência de melhoria na aprendizagem. Com o desenvolvimento e aplicação deste estudo, foi possível concluir que houve significativo ganho de conhecimento e de aprendizado dos alunos com relação à educação de filas e seus aspectos. Como motivações aos alunos, foram realizadas duas aplicações simples de filas com comportamentos distintos: uma situação em que os alunos presenciam no seu cotidiano, a fila da cantina, e outra com a teoria mais conhecida e regularmente aplicada. As situações estudadas fornecem subsídios aos alunos na compreensão e na aplicação da teoria em sistemas de filas de espera. / Waiting time is a very studied variable in our daily life and can not be disregarded or minimized, especially when some time is taken from a person by others who do not respect an ordering established in care systems. In the case of queues, this could be largely avoided if everyone understood its structure and purpose. This research aims to develop a learning about queuing systems and their possible applications, besides establishing some educational aspects about this subject. This study was developed in the school context, considering the case of education in queues. The investigation began with a bibliographical research of theoretical aspects about queues and about the concepts of waiting time, types of queues and their applications. Next, a questionnaire was carried out regarding the structure of queues and their basic education, with the purpose of evaluating the students' level of knowledge. After the application of this step, a presentation was made on the subject treated and then application of another questionnaire, in order to analyze the existence of improvement in learning. With the development and application of this study, it was possible to conclude that there was a significant gain in the knowledge and learning of students regarding the education of queues and their aspects. As motivations to the students, two simple applications of queues with different behaviors were carried out: a situation in which the students see in their daily lives, the canteen queue, and another with the best known and regularly applied theory. The situations studied provide support for students in the understanding and application of the theory in queuing systems.

The controversial play Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett is a play in which nothing but waiting really seems to happen. Throughout the play, the two characters Vladimir and Estragon continue waiting for Godot despite the fact that he never comes. While they are waiting they appear to conduct absurd and meaningless exchanges and games to pass the time. This essay explores the nature of the waiting for the absent character Godot: what is implied by this persistent waiting and what is the result of them doing so? The essay tries to explain the waiting through exploring the ideas of habit. Furthermore, it also deals with existential theories of consciousness and meaning through the ideas of Sartre. The essay argues that the meaning of the play emerges through the two characters’ act of waiting, and that the seemingly meaningless activities that Vladimir and Estragon perform are highly important as they provide the two characters with their raison d’être. The essay also shows that the two characters’ existence is dependent on Godot, because through the acknowledgement that he exists and in the hope that he will come to save them, they create their own rationale for waiting, regardless of it being true or not. Thus Vladimir and Estragon are able to create their meaning by choosing to continue waiting for Godot. They are also able to create this meaning through the conscious interaction between their surroundings and one another by the games they play while waiting. The essay also argues that the waiting is a conscious choice, and that the seemingly unreflective habitual games they play are as well. Furthermore, the choice of waiting is then reflected in the audience by their conscious choice to watch the play and join the character in their waiting for Godot. Thus, Beckett has created a play in which the focus is the experience and meaning of waiting, regardless of whether the one on which we are waiting will come or not.

I read witness poetry as a model of response to suffering. Compassion is feeling together with another. Compassion is, then, opposed to empathy’s feeling as another. Compassion can be better understood through the witness poetry that privileges metonymical relationships in which readers are contiguously positioned in relationship to a speaker. This emphasis on relationship can be contrasted to the collapse of relationship in identification in which a reader reads as though he or she is the lyric I, the poetic voice, rather than a listener. I discuss this reader-as-listener in contrast to the trauma studies-influenced discourse surrounding witness poetry, a discourse which focuses on indexical poetic evidence of a poet’s wounds and the transferability of the poet’s trauma to readers. Compassionate response, as demonstrated by this poetry, is premised on a recognition of one’s intimacy with or distance from that which one witnesses. Distance is not synonymous with disengagement, but rather with the space of relationship through which connection and consideration is possible. All intimacy involves some distance; the two are not opposites, but a continuum. Witness involves waiting: response derives from the time of relation through which it might form. This waiting has reflection as its retrospective partner. Together, they form commemoration, which brings reflection into future and communal celebration and remembrance. Com-memoration is linked to com-passion in this communal element. My project engages witness poetry as a communal form inviting feeling in community, response to widespread suffering, and the establishment of relationship and connection. / Thesis (Ph.D, English) -- Queen's University, 2013-06-18 10:21:39.793

The cumulative likelihood of admission estimated for any given 'time-since-enrolment' depends on how we define membership of the population 'at-risk' and on how we handle right and left censored waiting times. As a result, published statistics will be biased because they assume that the waiting list is both stationary and closed and exclude all those not yet or never to be admitted. The cumulative likelihood of admission within three months was estimated using the Government Statistical Service method and compared with estimates which relaxed the assumption of stationarity and reflected variation in the numbers recruited to, and admitted from, the waiting list each quarter. The difference between the two estimates ranged from +5.5 to -9.1 percentage points among 11 Orthopaedic waiting lists in South Thames Region. In the absence of information on 'times-to-admission', exact 'times-since-enrolment' were extracted from Hospital Episode Statistics and assumed to be similarly distributed. In the absence of information on 'times-to-competing-event', the number of competing events falling in each waiting time category was estimated by differencing. A period lifetable was constructed using these approximations, census counts, counts of the number of new recruits and estimates of the number 'reset-to-zero' each quarter. The results support the view that the method used by the Government Statistical Service overestimates the cumulative likelihood of elective admission among those listed. The Government Statistical Service calculates the cumulative likelihood of admission within three months (range: 0.62-0.27) conditional on the fact of admission. Multiplying by the unconditional likelihood of being admitted (range: 0.93-0.31) estimates the cumulative likelihood of admission within three months among those listed (range: 0.55-0.12) and gives a rather different ranking of waiting list performance among 34 Orthopaedic waiting lists in South Thames Region.

The main objective of this paper is to utilizing the Shadow Moiré method to study the effect of IR-reflow Condition Variations on the warpage of PBGA Packages. Two combinations of different moisture and temperature status are also chosen for the purpose of the study. The result shows that the first peak temperature is the most effective variable on the warpage of PBGA packages under the IR-reflow process.

Consumers often have to wait during the process of acquiring and consuming many products and services. These waiting experiences are typically negative and have been known to affect customers¡¦ overall satisfaction with the product or service. To better manage these waiting experiences, many firms have instituted a variety of programs to reduce the actual duration of the wait. However, consumers are influenced by their perceptions of the waiting duration, not the actual one. Therefore, understanding how consumers perceive their waiting time is particularly important in the marketing of service. In this paper, I use laboratory experiment method and examine the impact of mood, distance to the goal state, and filled mechanism on consumers¡¦ perceptions of waiting time and their affective responses. A total of 206 students recruited at the university participated in the study. The results demonstrate that people in a positive mood tend to perceive shorter duration of the wait than those in a negative mood. Further, the distance to the goal state, i.e. the stage at which the delay occurs during the service encounter, has the impacts on consumers¡¦ time perception and affective responses. The delay produced longer time estimates and stronger affective responses at further from the goal state than at closer to the goal state. And filling time resulted in shorter time perception and less negative emotions. However, the relevance to the service of filled mechanism will not affect consumers¡¦ time estimates but only consumers¡¦ positive affective responses. The distance to the goal and different kind of filled mechanism have an interactive effect only on the time perceptions. Moreover, consumers¡¦ involvements toward service and time style have moderating effects. The higher the involvement, the longer the time estimates and the more negative responses. Qualitative subjects perceived longer waiting time, and quantitative ones have more positive affective responses.

Background: In Sweden the primary reason for heart transplants is severe heart failure. Heart transplants are performed both at Sahlgrenska University hospital and at Skånes University hospital. Patient undergoing several extensive investigations before he or she will be considered for the waiting list. Primary factor for receiving a heart is first of all the patient who is in the greatest need of a new heart and the patient most suited to receive the donated heart. Previous studies show that patients feel the waiting time to be unpredictable. Aim: To describe patients’ experiences of the time before a heart transplant. Method: Qualitative content analysis was used as the analysis method and seven blogs were applied. Results: Life is seen from a new and different perspective. A common factor for patients with heart failure was the physical limitation they felt. Life stopped for a while, and a waiting to regain “life” grew strong. Family and nursing staff was thought to play an important role. To maintain a positive attitude was thought to be a criterion to manage the anticipations. Conclusion: A patient waiting for a heart transplant experiences a change in their life world. To allow proper care it is important that the nurse recognizes this change and acknowledge it.

The aim of this thesis is to first give a brief review of waiting line problems which often is a subject related to queueing theory. Simple counting processes such as the Poisson process and the duration of service time of each customer being exponentially distributed are often taught in a undergraduate or graduate stochastic process course. In this thesis, we will continue discussing such waiting line problems with priority assignment on each customer. This type of queueing processes are called priority queueing models. Patients requiring ER service are triaged and the order of providing service to patients more than often reflects early symptoms and complaints than final diagnoses. Triage systems used in hospitals vary from country to country and region to region. However, the goal of using a triage system is to ensure that the sickest patients are seen first. Such wait line system is much comparable to a priority queueing system in our study. The finite Markov chain imbedding technique is very effective in obtaining the waiting time distribution of runs and patterns. Applying this technique, we are able to obtain the probability distribution of customer wait time of priority queues. The results of this research can be applied directly when studying patient wait time of emergency medical service. Lengthy ER wait time issue often is studied from the view of limited spacing and complications in hospital administration and allocation of resources. In this thesis, we would like to study priority queueing systems by mathematical and probabilistic modeling.