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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The regulation of domestic solid waste management in local government : perspectives from the Limpopo Province / Maria Marupeng Malatji

Malatji, Maria Marupeng January 2014 (has links)
In general, the improper disposal of waste may hinder the constitutional guarantee of a right to an environment to human health or well-being. This is especially true of domestic solid waste, a particular area of the waste stream frequently disposed of on South Africa's vacant land, rivers and streets amongst other. There is need therefore for municipalities as locally based authorities that are constitutionally bestowed with specific functions and duties in relation to waste, to ensure effective domestic solid waste management. The aim of this study is to investigate the content and design of some legal instruments aimed at domestic solid waste management in two municipalities of South Africa’s Limpopo Province namely the Lephalale and Greater Tzaneen Municipalities. The investigation and critical analysis of the selected instruments are based on the content of South Africa’s national waste law and policy with respect to domestic solid waste management specifically. The study concludes with a number of observations and recommendations with respect to the investigation instrumentation of Lephalale and Greater Tzaneen Municipalities. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
2

The regulation of domestic solid waste management in local government : perspectives from the Limpopo Province / Maria Marupeng Malatji

Malatji, Maria Marupeng January 2014 (has links)
In general, the improper disposal of waste may hinder the constitutional guarantee of a right to an environment to human health or well-being. This is especially true of domestic solid waste, a particular area of the waste stream frequently disposed of on South Africa's vacant land, rivers and streets amongst other. There is need therefore for municipalities as locally based authorities that are constitutionally bestowed with specific functions and duties in relation to waste, to ensure effective domestic solid waste management. The aim of this study is to investigate the content and design of some legal instruments aimed at domestic solid waste management in two municipalities of South Africa’s Limpopo Province namely the Lephalale and Greater Tzaneen Municipalities. The investigation and critical analysis of the selected instruments are based on the content of South Africa’s national waste law and policy with respect to domestic solid waste management specifically. The study concludes with a number of observations and recommendations with respect to the investigation instrumentation of Lephalale and Greater Tzaneen Municipalities. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
3

Förändringen av MARPOL Annex V år 2013 : Hur den implementerats och upplevts ombord

Rönnblom, Jenny, Sigurdh, Oskar January 2014 (has links)
Första januari år 2013 trädde den senaste versionen av MARPOL Annex V i kraft. Denna studie har genom en litteraturstudie samt intervjuer med nautiska befäl sökt svar på vilka förändringar som skedde, hur dem implementerats ombord samt hur förändringarna upplevts av sjöfarare. Syftet med studien var att bidra med en pusselbit till bilden av hur avfallssortering utövas till sjöss samt hur arbetet med det upplevs. Litteraturstudien kom fram till att den stora skillnaden är att papper, glas, metall samt aska inte längre får slängas i havet. Inom specialområde får endast matavfall destruerat genom avfallskvarn slängas överbord. Intervjuerna visade att respondenterna inte påverkats nämnvärt av förändringarna då de redan tidigare följt strängare riktlinjer och regelverk för avfallshantering. Den mest betydande arbetsuppgiften för avfallsansvarigt befäl ombord är att underrätta övrig besättning om hur avfall skall hanteras. Dock efterfrågas av samtliga befäl ytterligare internationell lagstiftning riktat mot hamnar för en global likformighet för att underlätta arbetet som annars kan ses som krångligt och omotiverat. / The first of January 2013 came an updated version of MARPOL Annex V. This research has been made with a literature study and interviews with nautical officers searched for answers to what changes have been made, how they are implemented on board and how the changes experienced by seafarers. The purpose of this study was to contribute how the waste handling works onboard, how waste sorting exercise at sea and how the work is perceived. The literature study found that the major difference is that paper, glass, metal and ashes can no longer be thrown in the sea. Food waste inside special areas must have been processed through a food waste disposer before thrown overboard. The interviews showed that respondents are not significantly affected by the changes as they have already followed a more strict version of the regulations for waste disposal. The most important task for the waste responsible officer on board is to inform the rest of the crew on how waste should be managed onboard. All the respondents ask for international legislation directed at ports of a global uniformity in order to facilitate the work that otherwise might be viewed as burdensome and unjustified.
4

O manuseio dos resíduos sólidos hospitalares em maternidade de referência em João Pessoa-PB.

OLIVEIRA, Zenóbio Fernandes Rodrigues de. 11 September 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Lucienne Costa (lucienneferreira@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-11T18:06:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ZENÓBIO FERNANDES RODRIGUES DE OLIVEIRA – TESE (PPGRN) 2017.pdf: 2285666 bytes, checksum: e755eb9e5f1b3ecb19521ad85d5b96ac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T18:06:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZENÓBIO FERNANDES RODRIGUES DE OLIVEIRA – TESE (PPGRN) 2017.pdf: 2285666 bytes, checksum: e755eb9e5f1b3ecb19521ad85d5b96ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-20 / A preocupação mundial em relação aos resíduos sólidos, em especial os Resíduos dos Serviços de Saúde (RSS), tem aumentado ante o crescimento da produção, do gerenciamento inadequado e da falta de áreas de disposição final. Neste interim, a assistência à saúde é prestada por uma rede de serviços que inclui desde atendimentos residenciais, passando por unidades básicas de saúde e hospitais de alta complexidade. O presente estudo objetivou a verificação do manejo dos resíduos sólidos de saúde na Maternidade ―Frei Damião‖, em João Pessoa-PB, com base em pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, numa investigação descritivo analítica com trinta profissionais de saúde da Maternidade no período de janeiro a junho de 2017. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas compostas de perguntas abertas, visando analisar a percepção ambiental destes trabalhadores quanto aos resíduos produzidos na unidade hospitalar. Os profissionais foram selecionados a partir de um grupo representativo de seis categorias: médicos, enfermeiros, psicólogos, assistentes sociais, farmacêuticos e fisioterapeutas. Os dados foram analisados obedecendo às seguintes etapas: reunião do corpus de análise; leitura flutuante dos achados; leitura aprofundada a fim de constituir categorias de análise; análise interpretativa das categorias; e discussão com a literatura pertinente. Os resultados permitiram concluir que: há ainda lacunas enormes para serem preenchidas no processo de gerenciamento dos resíduos de saúde do serviço hospitalar; a percepção dos profissionais envolvidos do ambiente hospitalar está ligada mais aos cuidados com os pacientes, pois nem todos vislumbram a importância da segregação, e destes alguns desconhecem o processo de destinação final dos resíduos sólidos de saúde. Para tanto, é de grande importância que a unidade invista em educação e saúde na unidade a que todos estão envolvidos, sobre o manejo correto dos resíduos sólidos de saúde da instituição. / Global concern about solid waste, especially Health Care Waste (HCW), has increased as production increases, inadequate management and lack of final disposal areas. In this interim, health care is provided by a network of services ranging from residential care, through basic health units and hospitals of high complexity. The present study aimed to verify the management of solid health wastes in the "Frei Damião" Maternity, in João Pessoa-PB, based on qualitative research, in a descriptive-analytical research with thirty Maternity health professionals in the period of January to June 2017. A descriptive analysis was conducted through semi-structured interviews with open questions, aiming to analyze the environmental perception of these workers regarding the waste produced in the hospital unit. The professionals were selected from a representative group of six categories: doctors, nurses, psychologists, social workers, pharmacists and physiotherapists. The data were analyzed obeying the following steps: meeting of the corpus of analysis; Floating reading of findings; In order to constitute categories of analysis; Interpretative analysis of categories; and discussion with relevant literature. The results allowed concluding that: 1) there are still huge gaps to be filled in the process of health waste management in the hospital service. 2) The perception of the professionals involved in the hospital environment is more related to patient care, since not everyone sees the importance of segregation, and some of them are unaware of the process of final disposal of solid health wastes. 3) Therefore, it is of great importance that the health unit must invests in education and health in the unit to which all are involved, on the correct management of the solid health residues of the institution.
5

Establishing a process to reduce, recycle and reuse the waste electrolyte from fluorine generation

Fourie, Elna 17 November 2006 (has links)
MSc dissertation - Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment / Waste electrolyte from fluorine cells is a major waste problem for the fluorine chemical industry. Processes have to be developed to reduce, recycle and re-use the spent electrolyte that has up to now been stockpiled. This dissertation is a compilation of the research work that has been done to derive a process to treat waste electrolyte for re-use. Different conversion processes were investigated to develop a Waste Management plan for the fluorine generating facility in respect of the electrolyte. Gravity settling, centrifuging, filtration, the addition of KF.HF to the to the electrolyte to decrease the HF concentration in the electrolyte and consequently decrease the solubility of Fe, Cu and Ni and addition of NaOH to the electrolyte to convert soluble Fe to the insoluble triple salt were tested. Gravity settling and centrifuging were shown to produce the best solution. However, significant sedimentation of the insoluble metal impurities in the electrolyte is timeously. The implementation of sedimentation as an industrial separation process to purify waste electrolyte of excess metal impurities is therefore impractical. The results indicated that sparging molten electrolyte with N2 gas to remove HF (thus precipitating soluble Fe, Cu and Ni, and removing moisture to reduce corrosion of metal components), followed by sediment centrifuging, appears to be a practical basis for an industrial waste electrolyte treatment process. During an assessment carried out by the Economics Trends Research Group (ETRG) (3) at the University of Cape Town a strong argument was made for the need to direct companies in South Africa to address environmental concerns with high priority. In South Africa there is very little awareness of the concept of Clean Technology. Not only must the level of contamination be reduced before waste is released into the environment, but natural resources like water must be conserved, and energy consumption must be reduced. Public concern over degradation of the environment can no longer be ignored. Globally, the chemical industries are considered to be the main culprits in the degradation of the environment. The assessment carried out by the ETRG showed that the chemical industries are classed among the top 5 generators of toxic and hazardous waste in every country. The metallurgical sector (mining) is in most cases classed as the top waste generator. Development and implementation of technologies that are more efficient are not a matter of choice any more. Each new facility that is developed should meet the challenge of generating as little waste as possible. Unfortunately, many old industries and facilities did not focus on increasing efficiency and minimising waste. These old facilities experience a challenge now to develop technology to make them part of this Cleaner Production and Technology era. Cleaner Production implies generating less effluent or waste and recycling waste to be used as raw material in the same or another facility. Cleaner Production also concentrates on the increase of efficiency but this is often limited by the chemical properties of substances. This research was based on the ideas for implementation of Cleaner Production in the fluorine generation facility at Necsa. Waste reduction almost always implies investment in equipment and development of new technologies. However there is ample evidence to show that the cost of rehabilitation of contaminated environment is exceedingly high in comparison with the precautionary steps taken to prevent contamination. Waste/Effluent Management have become new buzz words in the industrial environment.
6

SUBSÍDIOS PARA ELABORAÇÃO DE PLANO DE GERENCIAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO E DEMOLIÇÃO

Veiga, Rosângela Mendanha da 29 February 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:50:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANGELA MENDANHA DA VEIGA - PARTE 1.pdf: 15620641 bytes, checksum: 5d52ffa5ca3a1f10d3bd59d5c8266066 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-29 / The civil construction is one of the human activities that cause more impacts to the environment. It produces significant alterations in the environment along all its productive chain, especially in its principal chain where occurs the generation of construction and demolition waste, which contributes effectively to the aggravation of the questions related to the environment. The construction and demolition waste is produced in a great volume and generally does not receive appropriate destination. At the same time there is a lack of municipal policies and management plans for this kind of waste. In January 02nd 2003 came into force the CONAMA Resolution number 307 of July 5th 2002 that establishes directives, criteria and proceedings for the construction and demolition waste management. It was waited that the private sector, and mainly the public one, would take the necessary measurements to carry out the mentioned resolution, however very little or hardly anything was carried out by the social actors involved in the question and by the Brazilian cities. In most of them the corrective management prevails, and this kind of waste needs its own management. Due to this situation, it was tried to identify municipal experiences, in accordance with the legislation and standards referring to the construction and demolition waste, which could show possible solutions. There were carried out two case studies, whose focus was detained to a different management of construction and demolition waste in the cities of Belo Horizonte, the most important experience in Brazil, and São José do Rio Preto, which, in a short time, following the steps of Belo Horizonte, became also a model and a reference. The present research is a contribution to supply subsidies for the preparation of public policies and plans related to the introduction of a different management of construction and demolition waste in the Brazilian cities. / A construção civil é uma das atividades humanas mais impactantes do ponto de vista ambiental. Produz significativas alterações no meio ambiente ao longo de toda sua cadeia produtiva, sendo que na sua cadeia principal ou de processos ocorre a geração de Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD), o que contribui efetivamente para o agravamento das questões relacionadas ao saneamento ambiental. Além de ser gerado em grande volume, o RCD, geralmente, não recebe destinação adequada. Concomitantemente existe uma carência de políticas e planos municipais de gerenciamento para este resíduo. Em 02 de Janeiro de 2003 entrou em vigor a Resolução CONAMA 307 de 5 de julho de 2002 que estabelece diretrizes, critérios e procedimentos para a gestão dos resíduos da construção civil. Esperava-se que o setor privado e, principalmente, o público, tomassem as providências necessárias para cumprir a referida resolução, porém muito pouco ou quase nada foi realizado por parte dos atores sociais envolvidos na questão e dos municípios brasileiros. Na maioria deles prevalece a Gestão Corretiva, sendo que esse resíduo necessita de gerenciamento próprio. Diante deste quadro, buscou-se identificar experiências municipais, em conformidade com a legislação e normas referentes ao RCD, que pudessem nortear possíveis soluções. Assim, foram realizados dois Estudos de Casos Observacionais, cujo foco deteve-se na Gestão Diferenciada do RCD nas cidades de Belo Horizonte, considerada a experiência mais importante em Gestão Diferenciada do RCD no Brasil, e São José do Rio Preto que, seguindo os passos de Belo Horizonte, em pouco tempo tornou-se também um modelo e uma referência. A presente pesquisa é uma contribuição para fornecer subsídios para a elaboração de políticas públicas e planos correlatos para a implantação da Gestão Diferenciada do RCD nos municípios brasileiros.
7

Plano de gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde: proposta de modelo para um hospital do município do Panamá, República do Panamá / Healthcare Waste Management Plan: proposal of a model for a Hospital in Panama Municipality, Republico of Panama

Marilyn Del Carmen Thompson Ramíres 20 March 2012 (has links)
Desde há alguns anos vêm se tornado a cada vez mais evidentes, as consequências do crescimento da população mundial, da industrialização, e do consumismo que caracteriza nossa sociedade capitalista. Isto é, o aumento da produção de bens materiais, explorando as fontes de materia prima, e a geração descontrolada de resíduos, o que impacta negativamente o meio ambiente e representa riscos para a saúde humana. No contexto dessa problemática de saúde pública, destaca-se a produção de resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS). Atualmente, é sabido que os resíduos gerados em estabelecimentos de saúde devem ter um gerenciamento especial e diferenciado, pois mesmo que existam resíduos que não apresentam periculosidade, também há determinadas categorias de resíduos potencialmente perigosos. A exposição humana a esses resíduos, perigosos pela sua composição química ou infectante, pode resultar em lesão ou doença. Diferente da realidade dos países desenvolvidos, no Panamá, o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos ainda se apresenta como um tema negligenciado e que, portanto, não está de acordo com as recomendações internacionais nem cumpre com a legislação vigente do país. Esta investigação visou conhecer a estrutura do gerenciamento dos RSS gerados no Hospital del Niño do Panamá, República do Panamá, com o objetivo de elaborar uma proposta de Plano de Gerenciamento de RSS para este hospital. Partindo do fato de que o Hospital del Niño (HN) é um hospital pediátrico de grande porte, localizado no Município do Panamá, área onde se concentram os principais recursos técnicos e financeiros do país; a futura aplicação do PGRSS tem potencial de repercutir nos demais municípios e cidades do país. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, baseando-se na observação de campo e entrevistas aos sujeitos selecionados no HN. Os sujeitos selecionados constituiram-se de 2 informantes-chave, responsáveis pelo gerenciamento dos RSS no HN, nos aspectos operacional e administrativo. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio do material obtido com a aplicação do instrumento I-RAT do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD, 2009), incluindo registro fotográfico, anotações feitas em campo e entrevistas realizadas. Os resultados revelaram uma estrutura de gerenciamento de RSS que precisa e pode ser melhorada, e que o local de estudo não cumpre integralmente com as recomendações e exigências legais do país. Também permitiram adotar um modelo de PGRSS, utilizado no estado de São Paulo (COSTA, 2001) e adaptá-lo à realidade panamenha. A proposta do PGRSS resultante deste trabalho é uma ferramenta para o gerenciamento dos resíduos gerados pelo HN e demais estabelecimentos de saúde no Panamá. Este instrumento pode ser útil no sentido de colaborar para a segurança do trabalho, a saúde pública e a proteção do meio ambiente, contribuindo, assim, para uma melhor qualidade de vida / In recent years, it has become increasingly evident the consequences of world population growth, industrialization, and the excessive consumption that characterize our capitalist society. This is the increased production of material assets by exploring the sources of raw material, and uncontrolled waste generation, which impacts negatively the environment and represents risks to human health. In the context of this public health issue, we highlight the waste from health care services. Currently, it is known that the waste generated in healthcare facilities must have a special and differentiated management, this because, even though there are wastes which do not present hazardous characteristics, there are also certain categories of potentially hazardous waste. Human exposure to these hazardous wastes, because of their chemical or infective composition, may result in injury or illness. Different from the reality of developed countries, in Panama, the solid waste management still is presented as a neglected issue and therefore not in accordance with international recommendations nor complies with the current country legislation. This research aimed to getting to know the structure of medical waste management generated at the Hospital del Niño de Panama, Republic of Panama, with the main goal of developing a Medical Waste Management Plan proposal for this hospital. Based on the fact that the Hospital del Niño (HN) is a large scale pediatric hospital, located in the Panama Municipality area, where the main technical and financial resources of the country are concentrated; the future application of a Healthcare Waste Management Plan, may have the potential to positively influence the other municipalities and cities in the country. It is a descriptive research based on field observations and interviews with subjects chosen from the HN. The selected subjects were constituted by 2 key informers, responsible in the operational and administrative aspects, for managing the medical waste at the Hospital. Data analysis was performed with the collected information by the application of the United Nations Development Programmes instrument, the I-RAT (PNUD, 2009), including the photographic recording, the notes taken in field and the held interviews. The results revealed a medical waste management structure that needs and can be improved, and that the research location does not meet integrally with the recommendations and legal requirements of the country. They also allowed to adopt a Medical Waste Management Plan model, used in the state of São Paulo, BR (COSTA, 2001), and adapting it to the Panamanian reality. The proposed Medical Waste Management Plan resulting from this study is a tool for the management of waste generated by the HN and others health establishments over Panama. This tool can be useful to cooperate with occupational safety, public health and environmental protection, thus contributing to a better life quality
8

Plano de gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde: proposta de modelo para um hospital do município do Panamá, República do Panamá / Healthcare Waste Management Plan: proposal of a model for a Hospital in Panama Municipality, Republico of Panama

Ramíres, Marilyn Del Carmen Thompson 20 March 2012 (has links)
Desde há alguns anos vêm se tornado a cada vez mais evidentes, as consequências do crescimento da população mundial, da industrialização, e do consumismo que caracteriza nossa sociedade capitalista. Isto é, o aumento da produção de bens materiais, explorando as fontes de materia prima, e a geração descontrolada de resíduos, o que impacta negativamente o meio ambiente e representa riscos para a saúde humana. No contexto dessa problemática de saúde pública, destaca-se a produção de resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS). Atualmente, é sabido que os resíduos gerados em estabelecimentos de saúde devem ter um gerenciamento especial e diferenciado, pois mesmo que existam resíduos que não apresentam periculosidade, também há determinadas categorias de resíduos potencialmente perigosos. A exposição humana a esses resíduos, perigosos pela sua composição química ou infectante, pode resultar em lesão ou doença. Diferente da realidade dos países desenvolvidos, no Panamá, o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos ainda se apresenta como um tema negligenciado e que, portanto, não está de acordo com as recomendações internacionais nem cumpre com a legislação vigente do país. Esta investigação visou conhecer a estrutura do gerenciamento dos RSS gerados no Hospital del Niño do Panamá, República do Panamá, com o objetivo de elaborar uma proposta de Plano de Gerenciamento de RSS para este hospital. Partindo do fato de que o Hospital del Niño (HN) é um hospital pediátrico de grande porte, localizado no Município do Panamá, área onde se concentram os principais recursos técnicos e financeiros do país; a futura aplicação do PGRSS tem potencial de repercutir nos demais municípios e cidades do país. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, baseando-se na observação de campo e entrevistas aos sujeitos selecionados no HN. Os sujeitos selecionados constituiram-se de 2 informantes-chave, responsáveis pelo gerenciamento dos RSS no HN, nos aspectos operacional e administrativo. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio do material obtido com a aplicação do instrumento I-RAT do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD, 2009), incluindo registro fotográfico, anotações feitas em campo e entrevistas realizadas. Os resultados revelaram uma estrutura de gerenciamento de RSS que precisa e pode ser melhorada, e que o local de estudo não cumpre integralmente com as recomendações e exigências legais do país. Também permitiram adotar um modelo de PGRSS, utilizado no estado de São Paulo (COSTA, 2001) e adaptá-lo à realidade panamenha. A proposta do PGRSS resultante deste trabalho é uma ferramenta para o gerenciamento dos resíduos gerados pelo HN e demais estabelecimentos de saúde no Panamá. Este instrumento pode ser útil no sentido de colaborar para a segurança do trabalho, a saúde pública e a proteção do meio ambiente, contribuindo, assim, para uma melhor qualidade de vida / In recent years, it has become increasingly evident the consequences of world population growth, industrialization, and the excessive consumption that characterize our capitalist society. This is the increased production of material assets by exploring the sources of raw material, and uncontrolled waste generation, which impacts negatively the environment and represents risks to human health. In the context of this public health issue, we highlight the waste from health care services. Currently, it is known that the waste generated in healthcare facilities must have a special and differentiated management, this because, even though there are wastes which do not present hazardous characteristics, there are also certain categories of potentially hazardous waste. Human exposure to these hazardous wastes, because of their chemical or infective composition, may result in injury or illness. Different from the reality of developed countries, in Panama, the solid waste management still is presented as a neglected issue and therefore not in accordance with international recommendations nor complies with the current country legislation. This research aimed to getting to know the structure of medical waste management generated at the Hospital del Niño de Panama, Republic of Panama, with the main goal of developing a Medical Waste Management Plan proposal for this hospital. Based on the fact that the Hospital del Niño (HN) is a large scale pediatric hospital, located in the Panama Municipality area, where the main technical and financial resources of the country are concentrated; the future application of a Healthcare Waste Management Plan, may have the potential to positively influence the other municipalities and cities in the country. It is a descriptive research based on field observations and interviews with subjects chosen from the HN. The selected subjects were constituted by 2 key informers, responsible in the operational and administrative aspects, for managing the medical waste at the Hospital. Data analysis was performed with the collected information by the application of the United Nations Development Programmes instrument, the I-RAT (PNUD, 2009), including the photographic recording, the notes taken in field and the held interviews. The results revealed a medical waste management structure that needs and can be improved, and that the research location does not meet integrally with the recommendations and legal requirements of the country. They also allowed to adopt a Medical Waste Management Plan model, used in the state of São Paulo, BR (COSTA, 2001), and adapting it to the Panamanian reality. The proposed Medical Waste Management Plan resulting from this study is a tool for the management of waste generated by the HN and others health establishments over Panama. This tool can be useful to cooperate with occupational safety, public health and environmental protection, thus contributing to a better life quality
9

Influência de resíduos agroindustriais na saúde pública: estudo de caso em Sousa - PB. / Influence of agroindustrial residues on public health: a case study in Sousa - PB.

SARMENTO, Dayanny de Santana. 14 May 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-14T18:39:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DAYANNY DE SANTANA SARMENTO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2015..pdf: 1014503 bytes, checksum: 16d44113109fb69e702796d29612c3c0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T18:39:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DAYANNY DE SANTANA SARMENTO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2015..pdf: 1014503 bytes, checksum: 16d44113109fb69e702796d29612c3c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / esta pesquisa buscou-se verificar se a existência de agroindústrias tem efeitos significativos ou não na saúde pública do município de Sousa - PB. Para isso, foram levantados dados sobre as unidades de Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), número de pessoas atendidas por cada unidade, registros de doenças prevalentes e informações acerca das agroindústrias situadas em suas microáreas de atuação. Os principais instrumentos metodológicos utilizados foram à pesquisa documental, feitas através de pesquisa bibliográfica, entrevistas guiadas junto aos gestores da saúde do município, visitas in loco e registros fotográficos, a analise foi realizada estatisticamente com softwres. A partir dos resultados obtidos nas entrevistas, percebeu-se que as principais doenças relacionadas aos resíduos agroindustriais, em ordem de importância, são: diarreia, dengue e Leishmaniose Visceral. Os dados utilizados neste estudo compreenderam o período de janeiro a dezembro dos anos de 2013 e 2014 . Os indicadores per capita calculados para diarreia e dengue mostraram-se, em geral, maiores nas ESF que possuem agroindústrias com disposição inadequada de resíduos sólidos em seu raio de atuação que naquelas sem agroindústrias. Não houve variação significativa nos indicadores per capita de Leishmaniose Visceral entre as ESF com e sem agroindústrias em seu raio de atuação. Ao averiguar os resultados sobre a percepção dos gestores de saúde de Sousa - PB acerca do impacto dos resíduos sólidos agroindustriais na saúde local e os indicadores per capita para as doenças prevalentes obtidos na comparação das ESF com e sem agroindústrias, sugere-se que o estudo contribua para a reflexão das autoridades envolvidas, dos profissionais de saúde e principalmente da população em estudo, no que se diz respeito à disposição inadequada dos resíduos sólidos gerados na agroindústria. / This study aims at verifying whether the existence or not of agribusiness has significant effects on public health in Sousa City, Paraíba, Brazil. For this, data on the “Family Health Strategy (FHS)” units of Sousa - PB, number of people served by each unit, prevalent diseases records and information on the agribusinesses located in their respective microáreas were collected. The basic methodology consisted of using documentary research, guided interviews with city health managers, in loco visits and photographic records. Based on the results obtained from the interviews, it was noted that the prevalent diseases related to agroindustrial residues, in order of importance, are: diarrhea, dengue and Visceral Leishmaniasis. The data used in this study comprised the period from 2013 to 2014. The per capita indicators calculated for diarrhea and dengue were shown to be generally higher in the FHS units that have agribusinesses with improper disposal of solid wastes in its operating radius than in those without agribusinesses. There was no significant variation in the comparison of per capita indicators for Visceral Leishmaniasis between ESF with and without agribusinesses in its operating range. When checking the results about the perception of health managers of Sousa - PB on the impact of agroindustrial solid wastes in local health, allied to the per capita indicators for prevalent diseases obtained in terms of the ESF with and without agro-industries, it was suggested that there is a need to adopt prevention and measures to promote public health.
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Gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde: entre o discurso e a prática: estudo de casos e pesquisa-ação no Acre / Waste management of health services between theory and practice a case study and research action in the state of Acre

Oliveira, Marconi Gomes de 29 August 2011 (has links)
A proximidade entre a teoria e a prática no manejo dos resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS) é fator preponderante à obtenção de um adequado gerenciamento por parte dos estabelecimentos assistenciais de saúde, frente à responsabilidade legal de gerenciar seus resíduos. A discussão que envolve os RSS reside em questões relevantes, tais como: a crescente geração de resíduos; o potencial poluidor e contaminante dos resíduos sólidos; a obrigatoriedade legal de um plano de gerenciamento; o descumprimento da obrigatoriedade supracitada, por parte de muitos estabelecimentos de saúde; e a descontinuidade de programas e ações exitosos. Esta pesquisa analisa o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos gerados na atenção à saúde em estabelecimentos de diferentes complexidades, a partir da análise do discurso e da prática do manejo dos resíduos gerados na Fundação Hospital Estadual do Acre (FUNDHACRE) e na Unidade de Pronto Atendimento Tucumã (UPA-Tucumã), na Cidade de Rio Branco, Estado do Acre. A pesquisa é de caráter exploratório e descritivo. Em 1ª etapa houve um estudo de casos e em 2ª etapa uma pesquisa-ação, através de uma intervenção participativa do pesquisador na investigação; ocorrido de outubro/2008 a fevereiro/2011. Verificou-se que a FUNDHACRE possui um plano de gerenciamento de resíduos em desconformidade com as recomendações e exigências legais; também foram constatadas inadequações em sua prática; enquanto que a UPA-Tucumã, até então, não possuía um plano de gerenciamento. A partir da pesquisa-ação foi proposta uma atualização e ajuste do plano de gerenciamento da FUNDHACRE; também foi elaborado um plano piloto de gerenciamento de resíduos para a UPA-Tucumã. Constatou-se um acentuado distanciamento entre o discurso e a prática no gerenciamento dos RSS nos dois estabelecimentos investigados. Imprescindível maior envolvimento dos administradores para as questões relacionadas aos resíduos; ajustes na prática do manejo dos resíduos; programa de capacitação continuada; atenção especial à segregação, armazenamento, tratamento e disposição final dos resíduos; acompanhamento e fiscalização das ações. Por fim, é importante a somatória de esforços que reúna o conhecimento acadêmico, através das Instituições de Ensino e Pesquisa, ao conhecimento técnico/prático daqueles que são os protagonistas do manejo de resíduos, objetivando a intervenção positiva do discurso na prática do gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde / The closeness between the theory and actual practice of solid waste management in health services (SRHS) is a prevailing factor in obtaining an adequate administration by health establishments regarding legal responsibility in administrating their residues. The SRHS discussion are found in relevant questions as: ever-increasing residues; the potential pollutant and contaminant from solid residues; the legal obligation for an administration plan; the breaking of the above mentioned obligation by many health establishments; the abortion of exit programs and measures. This research analyzes the administration of solid waste generated by health attention in establishments of different complexities, as from speech making to practice analysis of residue management generated at the Fundação Hospital Estadual do Acre (FUNDHACRE) and at the Tucumã health outpost (UPA-Tucumã), in Rio Branco City, Acre. Research was exploratory and descriptive. First stage was a case study and the second stage an action research by the researchers own investigation; october/2008 thru february/2011. The FUNDHACRE has an administration plan for waste that runs against the legal recommendation and demands; also, they were found to be inadequate in actual practice while the UPA-Tucumã, so far, does not have any administration plan. Considering the action research, an updating and adjustment for the FUNDHACRE administrating plan was proposed. A pilot plan for waste management was drawn up for the UPA-Tucumã too. There is a marked gap between the speech making and the actual practice in SRHS administration in both establishments investigated. It is essential that administrators have a deeper involvement concerning residues; adjustment in residue management; continued capacity building programs; special attention to separation, storage, treatment and final disposal of residue; as well as the accompanying and inspection of action. Eventually, the joining of efforts that unites the academic knowledge, thru teaching and research institutions to those leading with technical/practical knowledge in the management of residues is important, aiming at a positive intervention of speech in practice Solid waste management of health services

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