Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2014-11-10T12:11:25Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T12:11:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2014-11-10T12:11:25Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T12:11:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / O diagnóstico de substâncias poluidoras, com características orgânicas e inorgânicas, encontradas nas águas superficiais e no sedimento de fundo é uma importante ferramenta na avaliação da saúde de um reservatório. Os estudos de corpos dágua e sedimentos contaminados ganharam notoriedade, constituindo objetos importantes de pesquisas ambientais, envolvendo órgãos governamentais e legisladores. A classe dos contaminantes hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs), metais e elementos-traço são as que mais contribuem para o empobrecimento da qualidade das águas superficiais, devido à sua estabilidade química e persistência. Neste trabalho, foram caracterizadas as amostras de água bruta e sedimento de fundo coletadas nos períodos de março e agosto de 2008, agosto de 2010, março e agosto de 2011 e maio de 2014 na Represa Parque Natural do Pedroso em Santo André, SP, sendo em 2008 antes da construção do Rodoanel Mario Covas, 2010 durante a construção, 2011 depois de concluída e 2014 com mais de 3 anos de uso. Foram verificadas as influências sazonais no aporte desses contaminantes durante e após a construção do Rodoanel. As técnicas analíticas empregadas foram a cromatografia líquida em fase reversa com detector UV/vis para determinação dos HPAs e Espectrometria de Emissão Óptica com Plasma de Argônio (ICP-OES) e Espectrometria de Absorção AtômicaAAS para avaliação dos metais. Os teores de vanádio (V), 0,068 a 0,073 &mu;g mL-1, encontrados respectivamente nas duas últimas coletas foram próximos ao limite de enquadramento do corpo dágua de classe II (0,1 &mu;g mL-1). Os teores de cromo (Cr), 0,01 &mu;g mL-1 e de zinco (Zn), em média, 0,06 e 0,04 &mu;g mL-1, respectivamente, nas duas últimas coletas, estiveram bem abaixo dos limites estabelecidos pelo CONAMA 357/05, de 0,05 &mu;g mL-1 para o cromo (Cr) e 0,18 &mu;g mL-1 para o zinco (Zn). Para os elementos alumínio (Al), ferro (Fe), cobre (Cu), manganês (Mn) e chumbo (Pb), foram verificados valores mais elevados em desacordo com Resolução CONAMA 357/05. O comportamento dos HPAs nos cinco pontos de coletas e períodos diferentes é muito semelhante, e esta homogeneidade sugere que a fonte de emissão para esses compostos seja a mesma. Para os HPAs e metais estudados foram encontrados resultados significativos nas coletas de 2011, período em que o anel viário estava funcionando há um ano e meio, em sua plenitude, com aumento expressivo do fluxo de veículos leves, de médio porte e pesado, próximo ao reservatório. Pela somatória dos 13 HPAs para cada ponto se observou que as concentrações obtidas nos sedimentos variaram de 456 a 2723 ng g-1 respectivamente, em agosto de 2010 (ponto 2) e em março de 2011 (ponto 5). Esse aumento na somatória dos HPAs de aproximadamente 6 vezes ultrapassa o TEL 468 ng g-1. Os compostos que percentualmente mais contribuíram com a somatória de HPAs foram: benzo[e]acenaftileno 6,2%; benzo[k]fluoranteno 6,7%; benzo[a]antraceno 7,1%; fenantreno 7,4%; fluoreno 7,8%; antraceno 8,0%; pireno 8,9%; Acenaftileno 9,1%; indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pireno 11,3% e dibenzo[a,h]antraceno 12,6%, com amplitude de concentração de < 20 a 300 ng g-1. / Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

The diploma thesis is focused on evaluation of changes in the functional use of banks of Water reservoir Slapy. It is done on the basis of study of professional literature and resources, map data and own survey. Water reservoir Slapy holds many functions, such as energetic or flow control. The main purpose of the banks is in tourism and recreation. In the thesis is emphasized the recreational function which changes are analyzed in four periods. The other analyzed functions are economic, service, transport and residential functions. Part of the thesis is also analysis of managed interviews with mayors of municipalities and representatives of recreational facilities. The thesis contributes, as a survey of changes in the landscape of the area of interest, to understanding the area of Central Vltava. Klíčová slova: Water reservoir Slapy, Vltava cascade, functional changes, recreation, tourism, second housing, Central Vltava

L'économie du Pakistan, fondée sur l'agriculture, est hautement dépendante de l'approvisionnement en eau issu de la fonte de la neige et des glaciers du Haut Bassin de l'Indus (UIB) qui s'étend sur les chaînes de l'Himalaya, du Karakoram et de l'Hindukush. Il est par conséquent essentiel pour la gestion des ressources en eau d'appréhender la dynamique de la cryosphère (neige et glace), ainsi que les régimes hydrologiques de cette région dans le contexte de scénarios de changement climatique. La base de données satellitaire du produit de couverture neigeuse MODIS MOD10A2 a été utilisée de mars 2000 à décembre 2009 pour analyser la dynamique du couvert neigeux de l'UIB. Les données journalières de débits à 13 stations hydrométriques et de précipitation et température à 18 postes météorologiques ont été exploitées sur des périodes variables selon les stations pour étudier le régime hydro-climatique de la région. Les analyses satellitaires de la couverture neigeuse et glaciaire suggèrent une très légère extension de la cryosphère au cours de la dernière décade (2000‒2009) en contradiction avec la rapide fonte des glaciers observée dans la plupart des régions du monde. Le modèle « Snowmelt Runoff » (SRM), associé aux produits neige du capteur MODIS a été utilisé avec succès pour simuler les débits journaliers et étudier les impacts du changement climatique sur ces débits dans les sous-bassins à contribution nivo-glaciaire de l'UIB. L'application de SRM pour différents scénarios futurs de changement climatique indique un doublement des débits pour le milieu du siècle actuel. La variation des écoulement de l'UIB, la capacité décroissante des réservoirs existants (barrage de Tarbela) à cause de la sédimentation, ainsi que la demande croissante pour les différents usages de l'eau, laissent penser que de nouveaux réservoirs sont à envisager pour stocker les écoulements d'été et répondre aux nécessités de l'irrigation, de la production hydro-électrique, de la prévention des crues et de l'alimentation en eau domestique. / Agriculture based economy of Pakistan is highly dependent on the snow and glacier melt water supplies from the Upper Indus River Basin (UIB), situated in the Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindukush ranges. It is therefore essential to understand the cryosphere (snow and ice) dynamics and hydrological regime of this area under changed climate scenarios, for water resource management. The MODIS MOD10A2 remote-sensing database of snow cover products from March 2000 to December 2009 was selected to analyse the snow cover dynamics in the UIB. A database of daily flows from 13 hydrometric stations and climate data (precipitation and temperature) from 18 gauging stations, over different time periods for different stations, was made available to investigate the hydro-climatological regime in the area. Analysis of remotely sensed cryosphere (snow and ice cover) data during the last decade (2000‒2009) suggest a rather slight expansion of cryosphere in the area in contrast to most of the regions in the world where glaciers are melting rapidly. The Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) integrated with MODIS remote-sensing snow cover products was successfully used to simulate the daily discharges and to study the climate change impact on these discharges in the snow and glacier fed sub-catchments of UIB. The application of the SRM under future climate change scenarios indicates a doubling of summer runoff until the middle of this century. This variation in the Upper Indus River flow, decreasing capacity of existing reservoirs (Tarbela Dam) by sedimentation and the increasing demand of water uses suggests that new reservoirs shall be planned for summer flow storage to meet with the needs of irrigation supply, increasing power generation demand, flood control and water supply.

La presente tesis tiene como finalidad demostrar que es posible la rehabilitación de un reservorio de agua de concreto armado apoyado con fisuras no estructurales usando Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM). Para el desarrollo de la tesis, se eligió como muestra uno de los trece reservorios que figuran en el estudio para la ampliación y mejoramiento de los sistemas de agua potable y alcantarillado de los sectores 311, 313, 330, 310, 312, 314, 300, 307, 319, 324, y 301 Nueva Rinconada, distritos de San Juan de Miraflores, Villa María del Triunfo y Villa el Salvador. El reservorio seleccionado fue el R -6A, el cual tiene una antigüedad de aproximadamente 30 años y tiene una capacidad de 750 m3. Para identificar la zona donde se propone la rehabilitación del reservorio seleccionado, fue necesario identificar el origen de la falla, por lo que adicionalmente al diagnóstico obtenido del expediente técnico, se realizó la configuración estructural del reservorio con los datos obtenidos en campo. De este modo, los resultados hallados permitieron verificar que el diseño planteado hace más de 30 años cumplen con la normativa actual, comprobándose que las fallas que presenta el reservorio no son estructurales. Asimismo, los cálculos permitieron conocer la ubicación del área afectada, información que fue necesaria para elaborar la propuesta de rehabilitación con TRM y la alternativa seleccionada para la rehabilitación del muro del reservorio fue una matriz de mortero Sika Rep y una malla de refuerzo Sika Ward 350 G. En la presente tesis, se realizaron los ensayos correspondientes a este material compuesto y se plantea el procedimiento para la rehabilitación, así como las pruebas de calidad necesarias para garantizar el apropiado uso de esta tecnología en constante desarrollo. / This thesis is to demonstrate that it is possible to rehabilitate a supported reinforced concrete water reservoir with the presence of non-structural cracks using Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM). For the development, one of the thirteen reservoirs that appear in the study for the expansion and improvement of the drinking water and sewerage systems of sectors 311, 313, 330, 310, 312, 314, 300, 307, was chosen as a sample. 319, 324, and 301 Nueva Rinconada, districts of San Juan de Miraflores, Villa María del Triunfo and Villa el Salvador. The selected reservoir is R -6A, which is approximately 30 years old and has a capacity of 750 m3. To propose the rehabilitation of the chosen structure, it was necessary to identify the origin of the failure, so in addition to the structural diagnosis obtained from the technical file of the profile, the structural configuration of the reservoir was obtained with the data taken in the field. In this way, the results found allowed to verify that the design proposed more than 30 years ago complies with the current regulations and it was verified that the failures that the reservoir presents are not structural. Likewise, the calculations allowed the location of the affected area to be known, information that was necessary to prepare the rehabilitation proposal with TRM. The alternative selected for the reservoir wall rehabilitation is the Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) system. In this thesis, the tests corresponding to this composite material were carried out and the procedure for rehabilitation is proposed, as well as the quality tests necessary to guarantee the appropriate use of this technology in constant development. / Tesis

This master’s thesis deals with the feasibility study of the pumped-storage hydropower plant. Design is divided at three parts – upper water-reservoir with water intake, penstock with cabel tunnel and mechanical room with four Francis reversible turbine. Study contains engineering report, hydraulic calculations, photodocumentation and drawing documentation.

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the monitoring of the Karolinka water reservoir earth dam. For the reason of seepage detected on the downstream face of the dam, the water reservoir was operated in a limited regime practically from its beginning. One of the most significant interventions aimed at reducing them was the installation of a sealing wall realized in 2013. Since 2011, the earth dam has been pilot-monitored by probes of the electrical impedance spectrometry method. The thesis deals with the processing of the data obtained by this method and with the comparison of the determined electrical conductivity of the dam soil with the data measured on the earth dam (temperature, water level in the reservoir, seepage) before and after installation of the sealing wall.

The aim of this thesis is water management analysis of the protective function of the Ryhtářov water reservoir on the Velká Haná. Thesis contains hydrological model of the basin wich is compile in HEC-HMS program. According to this model are derive flood waves PV 100, PV 1000 a PV 10 000. Within of the protective function are designed outlets and spillway. The protective function is compile in HEC-HMS program, where calculations of transformation of derived flood waves are performed. The solution provides two different variants. These variants are compared at the work.

The diploma thesis is focused on Storm water management in urban areas. The first task for processing thesis was to arrange meeting with MČ Brno - Bohunice Ing. Antonín Crha, who has provided necessary information about the targeted location the and the reservoir for accumulation of rainwater collected. The practical part of the thesis is to capture the rainwater drainage in the existing rainwater sewerage system using the newly built pumping station and then pumping into the existing, unused reservoir. Accumulated water in the reservoir is planned to be used for the needs of the city, gardeners and other customers. The first part of the diploma thesis describes the management of refined water in the Czech Republic, Denmark and Germany. The first part also provides description of measures and technologies for the management of rainwater. Finally, there is description of the pumping station and borehole objects and the program for calculating the rainfall from the urbanized area. In the practical part of the diploma thesis the selected variants are described, rewarded and evaluated. The diploma thesis deals with two variants, that are guided along the same route, with the difference of the construction of the drilled well in the second variant. Both variants are handled by pumping. The option of the gravity inflow was rejected because of the large countersink of rainwater sewerage.

The diploma thesis deals with the use of the electrical impedance spectrometry method (EIS) and the devices Z-meter II, Z-meter III and Z-meter VI based on it for the monitoring earth-fill dams of small water reservoirs. The devices were developed in the Laboratory of Water Management Research of the Institute of Water Structures of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Brno University of Technology by solving international project of applied research in the EUREKA program. The analysis of monitoring of the dam of the small water reservoir Bezedník III, which is located in the cadastre of the village Kobeřice, was carried out. Monitoring was carried out from 2006 to 2012. One-off control measurements followed by analysis of achieved results were carried out in 2016, 2018 and 2019.