Bibliography : leaves 102-106

Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-14T13:39:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JAENE FRANCISCO DE SOUZA OLIVEIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2010..PDF: 7189495 bytes, checksum: ea2d29073b35fe44ee6f5b7407f4116a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T13:39:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JAENE FRANCISCO DE SOUZA OLIVEIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2010..PDF: 7189495 bytes, checksum: ea2d29073b35fe44ee6f5b7407f4116a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08 / O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o crescimento de peixes durante a fase juvenil sob a interferência de diferentes luminosidades, utilizando quatro úpos de sombreamentos. O experimento foi realizado no setor de piscicultura, pertencente ao Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, desenvolvida no período janeiro de 2009 a maio de 2010. O trabalho foi conduzido em 16 tanques-rede com malhagem de 2mm, com volume útil de lm3 , a uma profundidade média de 1 m, colocados em viveiro escavado. Os tanques-rede foram povoados com juvenis de tilápia do Nilo com peso médio inicial de 17,59±5,53g e comprimento médio total de 9,63±0,95, numa densidade de 60 peixes/m2, perfazendo um total de 960 peixes, distribuídos em 16 tanques. Durante o cultivo foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis de qualidade de água: transparência, oxigénio dissolvido, pH e temperatura. Foi estudado o desempenho zootécnico: ganho de peso (GP), ganho de peso relativo, ganho em comprimento (GC). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC), num esquema de parcela subdividida no tempo (Split Plot in Time), onde foram testados quatro tratamentos (100%,80%,70% e 50%), com quatro repetições cada, totalizando dezesseis parcelas. Os resultados demonstraram que os parâmetros físico-químicos da água analisados estavam dentro dos níveis aceitáveis. Foi observado que os melhores índices de desempenho de ganho de peso relativo foram obtidos no tratamento 80% e o tratamento 100% obteve o pior desempenho e o pior ganho de peso relativo (%) foi no o tratamento de 100% de entrada de luz (290,20%), já o tratamento de 80% foi mais satisfatório, pois obteve o melhor ganho de peso relativo (442,29%). / The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of Nile tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus, During the juvenile phase in the interference of light using four types of shaders. The expenment was conducted by the sector of Fish Culture, belonging to the Centre for Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, was developed in the period January 2009 to May 2010. The work was conducted in 16 cages with mesh size of 2mm with a volume of lm3 , the depth average of 1 m, placed in earth pond. The cages were stocked with juvenile Nile tilápia with average imúal weight of 17.59 ± 5.53 g and average total length of 9.63 ± 0.95. Arriving at the site and after acclimation, fish were counted, weighed in batches and stored in tanks at a density of 60 peixes/m2, for a total of 960 fish distributed in 16 tanks. During cultivation, the following variables were analyzed water quality: transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature. We studied the growth performance: weight gain (WG), relative weight gain, gain in length (CG). The experimental design was completely randomized (CRD), in a split plot design in time (Split Plot in Time), where four treatments (100%, 80%, 70% and 50%) with four replicates each, totaling sixteen plots. The results showed that the physicalchemical parameters of water samples were within acceptable leveis. We observed the best performance index of relative weight gain was observed in treatment 80% and already the treatment of 100% had the worst performance. Water temperature values were similar for ali treatments. The worst relative weight gain (%) was in the treatment of 100% of incoming light (290.20%), although the treatment of 80% was more satisfactory because it had the best relative weight gain (442.29%).

?rea de concentra??o: Fisiologia do exerc?cio. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-10-10T19:50:28Z No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) fabricio_paula.pdf: 833499 bytes, checksum: 4864104f710a7129c6089e9dac7beda1 (MD5) fabricio_paula_ficha_catalografica.pdf: 6515 bytes, checksum: ceb6a05cf27cd3c4b848cec8be9fdd04 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-11-08T14:36:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) fabricio_paula.pdf: 833499 bytes, checksum: 4864104f710a7129c6089e9dac7beda1 (MD5) fabricio_paula_ficha_catalografica.pdf: 6515 bytes, checksum: ceb6a05cf27cd3c4b848cec8be9fdd04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-08T14:36:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) fabricio_paula.pdf: 833499 bytes, checksum: 4864104f710a7129c6089e9dac7beda1 (MD5) fabricio_paula_ficha_catalografica.pdf: 6515 bytes, checksum: ceb6a05cf27cd3c4b848cec8be9fdd04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Atletas de v?rias modalidades desportivas realizam mais de uma sess?o de treinamento por dia. Diversas estrat?gias t?m sido utilizadas com o intuito de acelerar a recupera??o p?s-exerc?cio. Embora a imers?o em ?gua seja uma estrat?gia comum entre os atletas, a sua efic?cia na acelera??o da recupera??o ainda n?o est? estabelecida, e os efeitos da temperatura da ?gua na imers?o sobre o desempenho n?o s?o claros. Sendo assim, este estudo avaliou os efeitos da recupera??o passiva por imers?o em ?gua, em diferentes temperaturas, sobre o desempenho ap?s uma sess?o de exerc?cio. Nove homens, jovens, fisicamente ativos, participaram de quatro sess?es experimentais randomizadas compostas por exerc?cio exc?ntrico (3 x 10 repeti??es a 100% de uma repeti??o m?xima) e 90 minutos de corrida em esteira rolante a 70% do pico de consumo de oxig?nio. Em seguida, os volunt?rios recuperaram durante 45 minutos, distribu?dos em 15 minutos de imers?o em ?gua a 15, 28 ou 38?C sentados e 30 minutos deitados em repouso a temperatura ambiente (20 ? 2? C). Na sess?o controle (CON), durante a recupera??o, os volunt?rios permaneceram sentados durante 15 minutos ? temperatura ambiente. Quatro horas ap?s o final do exerc?cio experimental, os volunt?rios foram submetidos ? corrida de intensidade autorregulada m?xima de 5 km seguido do teste de Wingate para avaliar o desempenho f?sico. A temperatura retal (Tret), a frequ?ncia card?aca (FC) e sua variabilidade (VFC) foram medidas ao longo de toda a sess?o. O consumo excessivo de oxig?nio p?s-exerc?cio (EPOC) foi medido durante a recupera??o. Os marcadores do dano muscular, creatina quinase (CK) e aspartato amino transferase (AST) e a contagem de leuc?citos totais foram medidas antes e ap?s o exerc?cio, ap?s imers?o, antes e ap?s o desempenho, e 24 horas ap?s o exerc?cio experimental. A velocidade m?dia na corrida de intensidade autorregulada m?xima de 5 km e a pot?ncia pico relativano teste de Wingate n?o foram diferentes entre as condi??es experimentais. A imers?o em ?gua a 15?C reduziu a Tret, a FC e os ?ndices de VFC a valores de repouso, ap?s a recupera??o. O EPOC foi maior na imers?o em ?gua a 15?C e a 28?C. Durante a corrida de intensidade autorregulada de 5 km e do teste Wingate, a Tret e a FC n?o foram diferentes entre as condi??es experimentais. A sess?o de exerc?cio experimental induziu dano muscular e leucocitose. Entretanto, n?o houve diferen?a nos n?veis s?ricos de CK, AST e no n?mero de leuc?citos totais entre as condi??es experimentais. A recupera??o por imers?o em ?gua,a diferentes temperaturas, n?o foi efetiva em modificar o desempenho f?sico 4 horas ap?s uma sess?o de exerc?cio prolongado. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa Multic?ntrico de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / Athletes of several sport modalities regularly train more than once a day. Several strategies have been used in order to accelerate post-exercise recovery. Although water immersion is a common strategy among athletes, it effectiveness in accelerate the recovery is not yet established, and the effects of temperature water immersion on performance are not clear. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of passive recovery water immersion at different temperatures on performance following an exercise session.Nine physically active men (24 ? 6 years old, 72 ? 13 kg, 177 ? 7 cm, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) of 55 ? 4 mL?kg- 1?min-1), participated of four randomized experimental sessions. Each session consisted of eccentric knee flexion (3 x 10 repetitions of 100% from one maximum repetition) and 90 minutes of treadmill running at 70% of VO2peak, followed by 15 minutes of passive recovery by water immersion at 15?C, 28?C or 38?C and 30 minutes resting in supine position at room temperature (20 ? 2?C). In the control session, volunteers remained seated for 15 minutes at room temperature after exercise. After four hours of resting, in order to evaluate recovery strategies, the volunteers underwent a 5 km of maximal self-paced treadmill running followed by the Wingate test. Prior to experimental sessions, rested volunteers completed 5 km of maximal self-paced running and the Wingate test, which were used as reference performance values. Rectal temperature (Tret), heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability indexes (HRV indexes) were measured through the entire session. Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) was measured during recovery period. The markers of muscle damage, creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total leukocyte count were measured before and after exercise, after immersion, before and after performance tests, and 24 hours after the experimental exercise. Average speed during 5 km of maximal self-paced treadmill running and relative peak power during Wingate test were not different between experimental conditions. Water immersion at 15?C reduced Tret, HR and HRV indexes to baseline values after recovery. EPOC was higher in water immersion at 15?C and 28?C. During 5 km of maximal self-paced treadmill running and Wingate test, Tret and HR were not different between experimental conditions. The experimental exercise session induced muscle damage and leukocytosis. However, there was no difference in serum CK, AST and total leukocyte count between experimental conditions.The recovery by water immersion at different temperatures was not effective in modify the physical performance 4 hours after a session of prolonged exercise.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Two experiments were accomplished to study the crude fiber effect on the growth, digestive parameters, and yield and carcass quality of jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) juveniles. Six treatments were evaluated (3 replications) in which 2 sources (soy hull and cotton hull) and three levels of crude fiber (4,7,10%) were tested. In the first trial (120 days), 450 fish (129,11±7,8 g) were randomly distributed in 18 net cages with 1m3 at densities of 25 fish/cage, in 0.1 ha earth fishpond to verify the growth performance: weight, total length, weight gain (g/day), biomass, survival, carcass and fillet yield, digestive and hepatic-somatic indexes, intestinal quotient, with the chemical composition values of fillet, protein and fat deposition on fillet were calculated. No difference was detected in the growth performance. Fish fed with soy hull diets presented more fat and mineral accumulation on fillets (P<0.05). Decreasing linear effect on deposition of protein in fillet was detected with soy hull crude fiber increasing (P<0.05). In the second trial (digestibility essay) 48 fish (165.45 ±30g) were maintained in a water reuse system with 6 conic tanks (200L each). Was added 0.5% of chromo oxide (Cr2O3) as an inert marker in the same diets. The feces were collected and dried, to estimate apparent digestibility of crude protein, ether extract, drying material and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in two water temperatures (18° C and 28° C). The digestibility values of nutrients showed themselves lower when water temperature is 18° C, compared to water temperature in 28° C. Soy hull (10%FB) causes reduction in crude protein digestibility and ether extract digestibility with 18°C. NDF and dry matter digestibility have the same behavior for the tested fiber sources, excepted to cotton hull 10%. In conclusion, the sources and fiber levels did not affect the jundiá s performance. The nutrients digestibility is better with 28°C water temperature. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a fração fibrosa da dieta sobre o crescimento, parâmetros digestivos e na carcaça de juvenis de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen), durante 120 dias de criação. Foram realizados 2 experimentos, um com criação em tanque-rede e um ensaio de digestibilidade. Para o experimento de crescimento foram utilizados 18 tanques-rede (1m3), em um viveiro de terra de 0,1 ha. Os 450 peixes (peso médio inicial de 129,11±7,8g) foram distribuídos ao acaso nos tanques-rede (25 peixes/tanque). Avaliou-se 6 tratamentos (com 3 repetições) em que foram testados 2 fontes (casca de soja e casca de algodão) e 3 níveis de fibra (4, 7, 10%) na dieta. A cada 20 dias foram realizadas pesagens e medições para o acompanhamento do crescimento. Foram estimadas as variáveis: peso final (g), comprimento total (cm), ganho em peso diário (g/dia), biomassa (kg), sobrevivência (%), rendimento de carcaça e de filé (%), índices digestivo-somático e hepato-somático (%), quociente intestinal (%). Com os valores de composição química do filé, foram calculadas a deposição de proteína e de gordura no filé. O segundo estudo foi um ensaio de digestibilidade das dietas do experimento de crescimento, em que se utilizou 48 jundiás (peso médio inicial=165,45±5,30g) instalados em um sistema de recirculação de água, termoregulado, contendo 6 tanques de formato cônico com capacidade para 200L. Foi adicionado às dietas 0,5% de óxido de cromo (Cr2O3) como marcador inerte. As amostras, após as coletas, foram secas em estufa e analisadas pelo método de Weende e fibra em detergente neutro. Foi estimado a digestibilidade aparente da proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, matéria seca e fibra (FDN), em 2 temperaturas da água. Não foi verificado efeito dos fatores estudados (fontes e níveis de fibra) para as variáveis de desempenho produtivo. Para a composição química, a casca de soja na alimentação proporcionou maior acúmulo de lipídios e de matéria mineral nos filés dos peixes (P<0,05). Houve efeito linear decrescente com o aumento dos níveis de fibra das dietas com casca de soja para deposição de proteína no filé (P<0,05). Os valores de digestibilidade dos nutrientes se mostram mais baixos quando a temperatura da água é 18°C, comparados com temperatura da água em 28°C. A dieta com casca de soja (10% FB) obteve diminuição na digestibilidade da proteína bruta e do extrato etéreo, em 18°C. A digestibilidade da matéria seca e FDN têm o mesmo comportamento para as fontes de fibra testadas, sendo que a dieta com casca de algodão em 10% mostra valores menores. Conclui-se que as fontes e os níveis de fibra estudados não afetam o desenvovimento de jundiás criados em tanques-rede. A digestibilidade dos nutrientes das dietas é maior com temperatura da água em 28°C.

No description available.

A model for the prediction of color release from a pilot distribution system was created in 2003 by Imran. This model allows prediction of the release of color from aged cast iron and galvanized steel pipes as a function of water quality and hydraulic residence time. Color was used as a surrogate measurement for iron, which exhibited a strong linear correlation. An anomaly of this model was an absence of a term to account for pH, due to the influent water being well stabilized. A new study was completed to evaluate the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors against traditional adjustment. Two control lines were supplied with nearly same water qualities, one at pH close to pHs and one at pH well above pHs. The resulting data showed that effluent iron values were typically greater in the line with lower pH. The non-linear color model by Imran shows good agreement when the LSI was largely positive, but underpredicted the color release from the lower LSI line. A modification to the Larson Ratio proposed by Imran was able to give a reasonable agreement to the data at lower LSI values. LSI showed no definite relation to iron release, although a visual trend of higher LSI mitigating iron release can be seen. An iron flux model was also developed on the same pilot system by Mutoti. This model was based on a steady state mass balance of iron in a pipe. The constants for the model were empirically derived from experiments at different hydraulic conditions with a constant water quality. Experiments were assumed to reach steady state at 3 pipe volumes due to the near constant effluent turbidity achieved at this point. The model proposes that the iron flux under laminar flow conditions is constant, while the iron flux is linearly related to the Reynolds Number under turbulent conditions. This model incorporates the color release models developed by Imran to calculate flux values from different water qualities. A limited number of experiments were performed in the current study using desalinated and ground water sources at Reynolds Numbers ranging from 50 to 200. The results of these limited experiments showed that the iron flux for cast iron pipe was approximately one-half of the predicted values from Mutoti. This discrepancy may be caused by the more extensive flushing of the pipes performed on the current experiments which allowed attainment of a true steady state. Model changes were proposed to distinguish between near stagnant flow and the upper laminar region, with the upper laminar region showing a slight linear increase. Predictions using the galvanized flux model were not accurate due to an inferior color release model that was developed for galvanized pipes. The model exhibits a high dependence on sulfate concentrations, but concentrations of sulfates in the current experiments were low. This led to low predicted flux values when the actual data showed otherwise. A new galvanized model was developed from a combination of data from the original and current experiments. The predicted flux values using the new model showed great improvement over the old model, but the new model database was limited and the resulting model was not able to be independently tested.

No description available.

No description available.

Water temperature, ice cover, and lake stratification are important physical properties of lakes and reservoirs that control mixing as well as bio-geo-chemical processes and thus influence the water quality. We used an ensemble of vertical onedimensional hydrodynamic lake models driven with regional climate projections to calculate water temperature, stratification, and ice cover under the A1B emission scenario for the German drinking water reservoir Lichtenberg. We used an analysis of variance method to estimate the contributions of the considered sources of uncertainty on the ensemble output. For all simulated variables, epistemic uncertainty, which is related to the model structure, is the dominant source throughout the simulation period. Nonetheless, the calculated trends are coherent among the five models and in line with historical observations. The ensemble predicts an increase in surface water temperature of 0.34 K per decade, a lengthening of the summer stratification of 3.2 days per decade, as well as decreased probabilities of the occurrence of ice cover and winter inverse stratification by 2100. These expected changes are likely to influence the water quality of the reservoir. Similar trends are to be expected in other reservoirs and lakes in comparable regions.

In addition to the hydromorphological pressure on the ecological conditions of free-flowing river courses, increasing water temperature is affecting the water bodies, particularly by changing freshwater community compositions. The low discharge of numerous European rivers in the dry and hot hydrological year 2022 proves this relevance. Therefore, ecological assessment tools such as habitat modeling should take these factors into account when assessing the quantity and quality of habitats. In this paper, the habitat modeling tool “Transient River Habitat Modeling for Macrozoobenthos” (TRiMM) is improved by incorporating a fuzzy logic approach and adding water temperature to the set of parameters determining habitat suitability for macrozoobenthos. Habitat-relevant parameters, including hydromorphological factors (depth, velocity, mineral and organic substrate) and a water quality factor (temperature), are combined in the habitat model so that it can more broadly characterize river physical conditions and their interactions with biological indicators. Habitat modeling employed the mentioned parameters to simulate suitability for the macrozoobenthos in a small river in central Saxony, Germany. Due to its deteriorated condition, this river was selected as a representative for thousands of kilometers of small rivers across the region, which have been restored. The model simulated the status quo of river conditions from spring to summer for three macrozoobenthos species (Ancylus fluviatilis, Ephemera danica and Gammarus fossarum). The results showed that the natural flow resulted in dynamic habitat suitability both spatially and temporally, which differs for each species. Remarkably, the five-parameter model (depth, velocity, temperature, mineral, and organic substrate) generally performed better compared to a similar model without temperature.