Web application servers are rapidly becoming the essential resources for competitive advantage, because e-businesses can gain amount of revenues. However, benefits are coming from consumers, more consumers cause more benefits. So web application server, which can provide more efficient services, will attract more people. To gain the biggest advantage, we research in Internet to find out a new method. A web application server means it will have frequent transactions. And it will access data in database and produce new web pages to respond consumers through the CGI (Common Gateway Interface) programs. In this paper, we present a new method that can improve performance of web application server through saving network¡¦s bandwidth, reducing web server loading and cutting wait-time of end user. The method primarily uses divided dedicated data and common information of the source web page. With saving the multiple download time of the common information, the efficiency of network¡¦s bandwidth and the user waiting time can be improved effectively. The method also can be easily combined with other existed technologies that can solve Internet efficiency problems. And we developed an approach to design and implement an efficient web application server. Finally, we measure the result of the traditional method and the new method to prove that our method really can save network¡¦s bandwidth, reduce web server loading and cut wait-time of end user. We hope the method can improve general existed problems in Internet.

Au cours des dernières années, l'intérêt porté aux performances de la navigation internet n'a cessé de croître au sein de la communauté scientifique. Afin de comprendre la perception qu'a l'utilisateur des performances de la navigation Web, au cours de cette thèse nous abordons différents problèmes liés aux performances de la navigation Internet telle qu'elle est perçue par l'utilisateur final. Cette thèse se compose de trois parties: la première partie présente notre nouvelle plateforme basée sur des mesures faites au niveau du navigateur. Nous présentons les différents paramètres que nous obtenons facilement à partir du navigateur, ainsi que des indicateurs du ressenti de l'utilisateur final. Ensuite nous utilisons des techniques de partitionnement de données afin de trouver les corrélations existantes entre performances de haut niveau et de bas niveau. Dans une seconde partie, nous présentons notre outil de diagnostic appelé “Firelog”. Nous étudions tout d'abord les différentes causes qui peuvent affecter le rendu d'une page Web. Ensuite nous décrivons en détails les différents composant de notre outil et les mesures qu'il effectue. Sur la base des paramètres mesurés, nous illustrons notre modèle pour le diagnostic des performances d'une manière automatique. Dans la dernière partie, nous proposons une nouvelle méthodologie, “Critical Path Method” (ou Méthode du Chemin Critique) pour l'analyse des performances de la navigation Web. Nous expliquons d'abord en détails les caractéristiques intrinsèques du Navigateur lors du rendu d'une page Web, puis nous présentons formellement notre méthodologie. / In recent years, the interest of the research community in the performance of Web browsing has grown steadily. In order to reveal end-user perceived performance of Web browsing, in this thesis work, we address multiple issues of Web browsing performance from the perspective of the end-user. The thesis is composed by three parts: the first part introduces our initial platform which is based on browser-level measurements. We explain measurement metrics that can be easily acquired from the browser and indicators for end-user experience. Then, we use clustering techniques to correlate higher-level performance metrics with lower level metrics. In the second part, we present our diagnosis tool called FireLog. We first discuss different possible causes that can prevent a Web page to achieve fast rendering; then, we describe details of the tool's components and its measurements. Based on the measured metrics, we illustrate our model for the performance diagnosis in an automatic fashion. In the last part, we propose a new methodology named Critical Path Method for the Web performance analysis. We first explain details about Web browser's intrinsic features during page rendering and then we formalize our the methodology.

User experience (UX) is one of the most popular subjects in the industry nowadays and plays a significant role in the business success. As the growth of a business depends on customers, it is essential to emphasize on the UX that can help to enhance customer satisfaction. There has been statements that the overall end-user experience is to a great extent influenced by page load time, and that UX is primarily associated with performance of applications. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of performance optimization techniques and their impact on user experience. Principally, the web performance optimization techniques used in this study were caching data, fewer HTTP requests, Web Workers and prioritizing content. A profiling method Manual Logging was utilized to measure performance improvements. A UX survey consists of User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) and three qualitative questions, was conducted for UX testing before and after performance improvements. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyze collected data. Implementations and experiments in this study are based on an existing tool, a web-based application. Evaluation results show an improvement of 45% on app load time, but no significant impact on the user experience after performance optimizations, which entails that web performance does not really matter for the user experience. Limitation of the performance techniques and other factors that influence the performance were found during the study. / Användarupplevelse (UX) är idag en av de mest populära ämnena inom IT-branschen och spelar en viktig roll i affärsframgångar. Eftersom tillväxten av ett företag beror på kunder är det viktigt att betona på UX som kan bidra till att öka kundnöjdheten. Det har konstaterats att den övergripande slutanvändarupplevelsen i stor utsträckning påverkas av sidladdningstiden och att UX huvudsakligen är förknippad med applikationernas prestanda. I denna studie analyseras effektiviteten av optimeringstekniker och deras inverkan på användarupplevelse. Huvudsakligen, optimeringstekniker som användes i denna studie var cache-lösning, färre HTTP-förfrågningar, Web Workers och prioritering av innehåll. Profileringsmetoden "Manual Logging" användes för att mäta prestandaförbättringar. En enkätutvärdering som består av User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) och tre kvalitativa frågor, genomfördes med fokus på användarupplevelsen före och efter prestandaförbättringar. Kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder användes för att analysera insamlade data. Implementeringar och experiment i denna studie är baserade på ett befintligt verktyg, en webbaserad applikation. Utvärderingsresultatet visar en förbättring på 45% när det gäller sidladdningstid men ingen signifikant inverkan på användarupplevelsen efter prestandaförbättringar, vilket innebär att webbprestanda inte spelar någon roll för användarupplevelsen. Begränsning av optimeringstekniker och andra faktorer som påverkar prestationen hittades under studien.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / The size, diversity and continued growth of the World Wide Web combine to make its understanding difficult even at the most basic levels. The focus of our work is in developing novel methods for measuring and analyzing the Web which lead to a deeper understanding of its performance. We describe a methodology and a distributed infrastructure for taking measurements in both the network and end-hosts. The first unique characteristic of the infrastructure is our ability to generate requests at our Web server which closely imitate actual users. This ability is based on detailed analysis of Web client behavior and the creation of the Scalable URL Request Generator (SURGE) tool. SURGE provides us with the flexibility to test different aspects of Web performance. We demonstrate this flexibility in an evaluation of the 1.0 and 1.1 versions of the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. The second unique aspect of our approach is that we analyze the details of Web transactions by applying critical path analysis (CPA). CPA enables us to precisely decompose latency in Web transactions into propagation delay, network variation, server delay, client delay and packet loss delays. We present analysis of pe1formance data collected in our infrastructure. Our results show that our methods can expose surprising behavior in Web servers, and can yield considerable insight into the causes of delay variability in Web transactions. / 2031-01-01

The Internet, thirty-three year ago, fighting for recognition into the mainstream market, is being emerged as a single biggest application in the history of last century. Today, vast majority of people use Internet services, specifically, web which is a single most key driver of internet offering services ranging from social networking, VoIP (voice over IP), online gaming, entertainment and other professional services. Due to its rapidly emerging status from a facility to a necessity, Internet is becoming a basic utility in human day to day life. However, together with advancement in terms of bandwidth and usability of Internet services, human psychological behaviors like human patience, consciousness and expectation towards web services are also increasing proportionally. The future Internet paradigm is becoming more and more user centric. Therefore, Quality of experience, which is a process of gauging user subjective experience towards particular service, has its vital importance in future. However in current scenario a missing attribute of QoE is ‘context’ and within context there is human conscious behavior that is change from one instance to another. The aforementioned attribute often neglected by service providers and research community during web QoE (Quality of Experience) in controlled test environment. Due to the fact that Internet is everywhere e.g. at home, office and during mobility, web users activities are not always restricted to particular location and user web consciousness about performance may vary from context to context. The user centric approach in future Internet poses a real challenge to application and service providers towards provision of web services. That meets accordingly with human psychological requirements e.g. user satisfaction, consciousness, emotions etc. The empirical part of the research is to investigate the impact of user environmental and psychological context on user conscious behavior towards web performance. The purpose to quantify up to what extent this can create a significant impact on quality of experience.

Visualizing large datasets poses challenges in terms of how to create visualization applications with good performance. Due to the amount of data, transfer speed and processing speed may lead to waiting times that cause users to abandon the application. It is therefore important to select methods and techniques that can handle the data in as efficient a way as possible. The aim of this study was to investigate if a server-client architecture had better performance in a visualization web application than a purely client-side architecture in terms of selected performance metrics and network load, and whether the selection of implementation language and tools affected the performance of the server-client architecture implementation. To answer these questions, a visualization application was implemented in three different ways: a purely client-side implementation, a server-client implementation using Node.js for the server, and a server-client implementation using Flask for the server. The results showed that the purely client-side architecture suffered from a very long page loading time and high network load but was able to process data quickly in response to user actions in the application. The server-client architecture implementations could load the page faster, but responding to requests took longer, whereas the amount of data transferred was much lower. Furthermore, the server-client architecture implemented with a Node.js server performed better on all metrics than the application implemented with a Flask server. Overall, when taking all measurements into consideration, the Node.js server architecture may be the best choice among the three when working with a large dataset, although the longer response time compared to the purely client-side architecture may cause the application to seem less responsive.

Las nuevas aplicaciones y servicios web, cada vez má¡s populares en nuestro día a día, han cambiado completamente la forma en la que los usuarios interactúan con la Web. En menos de media década, el papel que juegan los usuarios ha evolucionado de meros consumidores pasivos de información a activos colaboradores en la creación de contenidos dinámicos, típicos de la Web actual. Y, además, esta tendencia se espera que aumente y se consolide con el paso del tiempo. Este comportamiento dinámico de los usuarios es una de las principales claves en la definición de cargas de trabajo adecuadas para estimar con precisión el rendimiento de los sistemas web. No obstante, la dificultad intrínseca a la caracterización del dinamismo del usuario y su aplicación en un modelo de carga, propicia que muchos trabajos de investigación sigan todavía empleando cargas no representativas de las navegaciones web actuales. Esta tesis doctoral se centra en la caracterización y reproducción, para estudios de evaluación de prestaciones, de un tipo de carga web más realista, capaz de imitar el comportamiento de los usuarios de la Web actual. El estado del arte en el modelado y generación de cargas para los estudios de prestaciones de la Web presenta varias carencias en relación a modelos y aplicaciones software que representen los diferentes niveles de dinamismo del usuario. Este hecho nos motiva a proponer un modelo más preciso y a desarrollar un nuevo generador de carga basado en este nuevo modelo. Ambas propuestas han sido validadas en relación a una aproximación tradicional de generación de carga web. Con este fin, se ha desarrollado un nuevo entorno de experimentación con la capacidad de reproducir cargas web tradicionales y dinámicas, mediante la integración del generador propuesto con un benchmark de uso común. En esta tesis doctoral también se analiza y evalúa por primera vez, según nuestro saber y entender, el impacto que tiene el empleo de cargas de trabajo dinámicas en las métrica / Peña Ortiz, R. (2013). Accurate workload design for web performance evaluation [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/21054 / Palancia

The amount of active websites on the internet is claimed to have increased by almost half a billion in the last decade. With that, the amount of tools available to help develop them has increased as well. One type of these tools is called website builders. In the past few years, the market has seen a big increase in software often referred to as no-code tools. By visualizing most, if not all, of the otherwise manual coding process, they aim to give users an increased amount of flexibility without having to possess a lot of previous web development knowledge. However, despite their current popularity, no-code tools do not seem to be the target of much research. This study aims to measure the performance of Webflow, a browser based software that fits both the category of a website builder as well as a no-code tool. This is done by comparing its performance to Wordpress, arguably the most established website builder on the market. The performance analysis is conducted through automated performance audits using Google Lighthouse and its 6 performance metrics. By developing an identical website using both builders, two versions of the website have been analyzed; one static snapshot deployed on the same hosting environment and one dynamic version deployed using Webflows’ internal cloud hosting environment, and Wordpress deployed on an AWS EC2 instance. The results showed that while Wordpress outperformed Webflow in a majority of individual performance metrics in both experiments, Webflow performed better overall on the desktop breakpoint on both the static and dynamic version of the websites.

The transition of businesses to the digital marketplace has presented many opportunities and challenges for e-commerce and ICT services providers. This research was carried out during the ongoing diffusion of a technological innovation, at Telia Company's Content Delivery Network (CDN) unit, in a bid to understand the technology adoption process. The researchers' approachwas to get insights from different stakeholders in the Swedish e-commerce industry and to compare the qualitative research findings with theoretical secondary data and definitions. Six interviews were performed, constituting the empirical data. After the analysis and discussion of the results and frameworks, the researchers propose a merged theoretical framework thatcould be used for designing compelling value propositions, and as such improve the conveying of the value of an offering. The thesis concludes with recommendations to further validate the proposed framework through further research.

The transition of businesses to the digital marketplace has presented many opportunities andchallenges for e-commerce and ICT services providers. This research was carried out during theongoing diffusion of a technological innovation, at Telia Company's Content Delivery Network(CDN) unit, in a bid to understand the technology adoption process. The researchers' approachwas to get insights from different stakeholders in the Swedish e-commerce industry and tocompare the qualitative research findings with theoretical secondary data and definitions. Sixinterviews were performed, constituting the empirical data. After the analysis and discussion ofthe results and frameworks, the researchers propose a merged theoretical framework thatcould be used for designing compelling value propositions, and as such improve the conveyingof the value of an offering. The thesis concludes with recommendations to further validate theproposed framework through further research.