No description available.

Este trabalho aborda ligações semi-rígidas com o objetivo de verificar a influência da flexibilidade na análise de estruturas metálicas, com o propósito de apresentar um modelo que represente o real comportamento das conexões assumindo uma situação intermediária entre totalmente rígida e totalmente flexível. Os procedimentos empregados para determinar as propriedades destas conexões estão embasados nos métodos descritos pelo anexo J do Eurocode 3 e recomendações do BCSA/SCI. Com intuito de automatizar o cálculo das conexões semi-rígidas foi implementado um programa computacional que fornece as propriedades necessárias das ligações entre vigas e pilares através da entrada de dados geométricos e especificações do material empregado. São abordadas ligações soldadas e ligações parafusadas com chapa de extremidade.O trabalho apresenta, ainda, uma avaliação da redistribuição de solicitações nas estruturas de aço. Fazendo a análise de um pórtico plano empregando molas rotacionais nos nós de encontro entre vigas e pilares inserindo a rigidez rotacional obtida através dos procedimentos numéricos apresentados neste trabalho. Esta mesma estrutura foi analisada da maneira tradicional, ou seja, considerando nós rígidos no encontro entre vigas e pilares. Através da analogia entre os resultados obtidos pelas duas análises é possível visualizar a diferença entre a distribuição nas solicitações. Dessa forma, é possível verificar a influência da rigidez das ligações na análise das estruturas metálicas. / This work approaches semi-rigid connections with the purpose to verify the influence of connections in the analysis of steel structures, with the intention to present a model that represents the real behavior of the connections assuming an intermediate situation between totally rigid and totally pinned. The used procedures to determine the properties of these connections are based in the described methods for the Annex J of the Eurocode 3 and BCSA/SCI. With intention to speed the calculations of the semi-rigid connections a computational program was implemented that supplies to the necessary properties of the connections between beams and columns through the geometric data entry and specifications of the employed material. They are boarded welded connections and connections bolted with extend end plate. The work presents, still, an evaluation of the new distribution of loads in the steel structures. Making the analysis of a plain frame using rotational springs between beams and columns inserting the gotten rotational rigidity through the presented numerical procedures in this work. This same structure was analyzed in the traditional way, that is, considering rigid we in the meeting between beams and columns. Through the analogy it enters the results gotten for the two analyses is possible to visualize the difference enters the distribution in the requests. Of this form, it is possible to verify the influence of flexibility in the analysis of the metallic structures.

Este trabalho aborda ligações semi-rígidas com o objetivo de verificar a influência da flexibilidade na análise de estruturas metálicas, com o propósito de apresentar um modelo que represente o real comportamento das conexões assumindo uma situação intermediária entre totalmente rígida e totalmente flexível. Os procedimentos empregados para determinar as propriedades destas conexões estão embasados nos métodos descritos pelo anexo J do Eurocode 3 e recomendações do BCSA/SCI. Com intuito de automatizar o cálculo das conexões semi-rígidas foi implementado um programa computacional que fornece as propriedades necessárias das ligações entre vigas e pilares através da entrada de dados geométricos e especificações do material empregado. São abordadas ligações soldadas e ligações parafusadas com chapa de extremidade.O trabalho apresenta, ainda, uma avaliação da redistribuição de solicitações nas estruturas de aço. Fazendo a análise de um pórtico plano empregando molas rotacionais nos nós de encontro entre vigas e pilares inserindo a rigidez rotacional obtida através dos procedimentos numéricos apresentados neste trabalho. Esta mesma estrutura foi analisada da maneira tradicional, ou seja, considerando nós rígidos no encontro entre vigas e pilares. Através da analogia entre os resultados obtidos pelas duas análises é possível visualizar a diferença entre a distribuição nas solicitações. Dessa forma, é possível verificar a influência da rigidez das ligações na análise das estruturas metálicas. / This work approaches semi-rigid connections with the purpose to verify the influence of connections in the analysis of steel structures, with the intention to present a model that represents the real behavior of the connections assuming an intermediate situation between totally rigid and totally pinned. The used procedures to determine the properties of these connections are based in the described methods for the Annex J of the Eurocode 3 and BCSA/SCI. With intention to speed the calculations of the semi-rigid connections a computational program was implemented that supplies to the necessary properties of the connections between beams and columns through the geometric data entry and specifications of the employed material. They are boarded welded connections and connections bolted with extend end plate. The work presents, still, an evaluation of the new distribution of loads in the steel structures. Making the analysis of a plain frame using rotational springs between beams and columns inserting the gotten rotational rigidity through the presented numerical procedures in this work. This same structure was analyzed in the traditional way, that is, considering rigid we in the meeting between beams and columns. Through the analogy it enters the results gotten for the two analyses is possible to visualize the difference enters the distribution in the requests. Of this form, it is possible to verify the influence of flexibility in the analysis of the metallic structures.

Este trabalho aborda ligações semi-rígidas com o objetivo de verificar a influência da flexibilidade na análise de estruturas metálicas, com o propósito de apresentar um modelo que represente o real comportamento das conexões assumindo uma situação intermediária entre totalmente rígida e totalmente flexível. Os procedimentos empregados para determinar as propriedades destas conexões estão embasados nos métodos descritos pelo anexo J do Eurocode 3 e recomendações do BCSA/SCI. Com intuito de automatizar o cálculo das conexões semi-rígidas foi implementado um programa computacional que fornece as propriedades necessárias das ligações entre vigas e pilares através da entrada de dados geométricos e especificações do material empregado. São abordadas ligações soldadas e ligações parafusadas com chapa de extremidade.O trabalho apresenta, ainda, uma avaliação da redistribuição de solicitações nas estruturas de aço. Fazendo a análise de um pórtico plano empregando molas rotacionais nos nós de encontro entre vigas e pilares inserindo a rigidez rotacional obtida através dos procedimentos numéricos apresentados neste trabalho. Esta mesma estrutura foi analisada da maneira tradicional, ou seja, considerando nós rígidos no encontro entre vigas e pilares. Através da analogia entre os resultados obtidos pelas duas análises é possível visualizar a diferença entre a distribuição nas solicitações. Dessa forma, é possível verificar a influência da rigidez das ligações na análise das estruturas metálicas. / This work approaches semi-rigid connections with the purpose to verify the influence of connections in the analysis of steel structures, with the intention to present a model that represents the real behavior of the connections assuming an intermediate situation between totally rigid and totally pinned. The used procedures to determine the properties of these connections are based in the described methods for the Annex J of the Eurocode 3 and BCSA/SCI. With intention to speed the calculations of the semi-rigid connections a computational program was implemented that supplies to the necessary properties of the connections between beams and columns through the geometric data entry and specifications of the employed material. They are boarded welded connections and connections bolted with extend end plate. The work presents, still, an evaluation of the new distribution of loads in the steel structures. Making the analysis of a plain frame using rotational springs between beams and columns inserting the gotten rotational rigidity through the presented numerical procedures in this work. This same structure was analyzed in the traditional way, that is, considering rigid we in the meeting between beams and columns. Through the analogy it enters the results gotten for the two analyses is possible to visualize the difference enters the distribution in the requests. Of this form, it is possible to verify the influence of flexibility in the analysis of the metallic structures.

No description available.

No description available.

Denna rapport fokuserar på att hitta hållbara lösningar inom byggindustrin med inriktning på återanvändning av prefabricerade betongelement. Betong är ett vanligt byggmaterial, men tillverkningen och användningen av betong medför höga kostnader och stor miljöpåverkan. För att minska dessa negativa effekter har användningen av prefabricerade betongelement som kan demonteras och återanvändas blivit allt vanligare. Detta steg mot en cirkulär och hållbar byggindustri har flera fördelar, inklusive minskade kostnader och minskad miljöpåverkan. En viktig aspekt när det gäller återanvändning av betongelement är anslutningarna mellan dessa element. Dessa anslutningar måste vara både starka och demonterbara för att möjliggöra enkel demontering. Genom att återanvända prefabricerade betongelement kan man uppnå besparingar i tid och pengar, eftersom det är enklare och snabbare att demontera och återmontera dessa element jämfört med att bygga nyproducerad varje gång. Denna rapport presenterar resultaten av en studie som undersöker olika typer av anslutningar mellan prefabricerade betongelement i byggnader med pelar-/balkstomme och bärande väggar/bjälklag. Målet är att klassificera anslutningarna baserat på deras demonterbarhet och återmonterbarhet. Studien inleds med en litteraturgenomgång för att undersöka befintliga metoder och tekniker för anslutningar i prefabricerade betongelement. Baserat på denna genomgång utarbetades en klassificering av anslutningarna utifrån förutsättningarna för demontering och återmontering. Klassificeringen framhöll att bultade anslutningar är de enklaste att demontera och återmontera, därvid sammangjutna anslutningar med genomgående armeringsjärn visade sig vara de mest utmanande när det kommer till demontering och återmontering.  En byggnad valdes som fallstudie för att visa tillämpningen av anslutningar mellan prefabricerade betongelement. Med hjälp av den utvecklade klassificeringen anpassades och föreslogs nya anslutningar för den prefabricerade betongstommen i den valda byggnaden. För att säkerställa att de föreslagna anslutningarna klarade av byggnadens laster genomfördes kontrollberäkningar. I dessa beräkningar ingick en bedömning av anslutningarnas hållfasthet och stabilitet vid olika belastnings- och påfrestningsscenarion. Samtliga valda anslutningar klarade alla belastningar utmärkt.  Avsikten med denna rapport är att bidra till en ökad förståelse för anslutningar i prefabricerade betongelement och ge förslag till praktisk tillämpning genom fallstudien. Den kan vara till nytta för ingenjörer, arkitekter och yrkesverksamma inom byggsektorn som är involverade i utformningen och konstruktionen av prefabricerade betongbyggnader, särskilt nu när miljörelaterade frågor har blivit allt viktigare. / This report focuses on sustainable solutions in construction, emphasizing the reuse of prefabricated concrete elements. Making concrete has so many negative environmental impacts. One way of tackling these impacts is minimizing the production of concrete through the growing use of prefabricated elements that can be dismantled and reused, leading to cost reduction and environmental benefits. An important aspect concerning the reuse of concrete elements is the connections between these elements which should be both strong and detachable to enable easy disassembly. The reuse of elements saves both time and concrete.  In this thesis, a comprehensive study has been made on different types of connections between precast concrete elements in buildings with column and beam structures, as well as load-bearing walls and floors. The study is then used to classify the connection types according to their ease and capability of disassembly.  In order to implement the result of the classification, a building is selected, and connections are suggested between the load-bearing elements. The strength of the connections are then controlled with the help of detailed calculations to see if the suggested connection types can bear the load of the building. The primary aim of this report is to contribute to a better understanding of connections in prefabricated concrete elements and provide a practical example through the case study. It can be beneficial for engineers, architects, and professionals in the construction sector involved in the design and construction of prefabricated concrete buildings.

The calculation of the loadbearing capacity of hollow section joints using the design formulas according to EN 1993-1-8 assumes full-strength welded connections if the non-linear stress distribution over the circumference is not covered by calculation. Sufficient ductility in the connections ensures a plastic redistribution capacity within each joint. In the case of hollow section structures made of high-strength steels, it becomes more difficult to meet the requirement for full-strength welds as the yield strength of the base material increases. This article begins with a summary of the current rules for the design and execution of welded hollow section joints. The softening behaviour of high-strength steels and the loadbearing capacity of welded connections with local softening in the HAZ are then discussed. That is followed by the presentation of the results from the AiF-FOSTA research project P1020 regarding the influence of manufacturing parameters on the properties of welded connections and the HAZ. The experimental test programme for single-sided welded T-connections and the parameter studies within the research project P1453 are also described. Finally, a design approach is presented to account for HAZ failure and hybrid failure modes of hollow section connections.

Detta examensarbete handlar om finita element analys av svetsade förband i korgen på Volvo dumpern A40E. Det genomfördes i samarbete med Volvo CE i Braås. Uppgiften var att ge företaget en lämplig lösning för att minska mängden svetsskarvar på den främre delen av lastenheten. För att uppnå detta har en rad analyser genomförts med hjälp av CATIA och ANSYS på både de befintliga och de justerade (potentiella ersättare) svetsade förbanden. Analyserna visar att utmatningshållfastheten av svetsade förband huvudsakligen beror på inbränningsdjupet. Med andra ord, förstärka svetsförband genom större inbränning är mer fördelaktigt än att använda mer svets på utsidan. Slutsatsen blev att både produktionstid och kostnad kan minskas genom justering av de svetsade förbanden. Eftersom svetsförband på lastenheten är sammankopplade bör mer omfattande studier som inkluderar alla svetsar genomföras för att uppskatta effekterna av liknande justeringar. / The work presented in this master thesis is about the finite element analysis of the welded connections in load carrying unit of the articulated hauler, Volvo A40E. It was performed in cooperation with Volvo CE in Braås. The task was to provide the company with an appropriate solution to reduce the amount of weld used on the front part of the load carrying unit. To accomplish this, a series of analyses utilising CATIA and ANSYS was performed on both existing and adjusted (potential replacement) welded connections. The analyses brought to light the fact that the fatigue resistance of welded connections significantly depends on the penetration depth. In other words, reinforcing the welded connections by deeper penetration is more beneficial than providing support from outside through thicker weld. It was concluded that applying adjusted welds lessens both the production time and cost. Nevertheless, since the welds on the load carrying unit are correlated; more extensive studies covering all welds should be carried out to estimate the impacts of similar replacements.

<p>Detta examensarbete handlar om finita element analys av svetsade förband i korgen på Volvo dumpern A40E. Det genomfördes i samarbete med Volvo CE i Braås. Uppgiften var att ge företaget en lämplig lösning för att minska mängden svetsskarvar på den främre delen av lastenheten. För att uppnå detta har en rad analyser genomförts med hjälp av CATIA och ANSYS på både de befintliga och de justerade (potentiella ersättare) svetsade förbanden. Analyserna visar att utmatningshållfastheten av svetsade förband huvudsakligen beror på inbränningsdjupet. Med andra ord, förstärka svetsförband genom större inbränning är mer fördelaktigt än att använda mer svets på utsidan. Slutsatsen blev att både produktionstid och kostnad kan minskas genom justering av de svetsade förbanden. Eftersom svetsförband på lastenheten är sammankopplade bör mer omfattande studier som inkluderar alla svetsar genomföras för att uppskatta effekterna av liknande justeringar.</p> / <p>The work presented in this master thesis is about the finite element analysis of the welded connections in load carrying unit of the articulated hauler, Volvo A40E. It was performed in cooperation with Volvo CE in Braås. The task was to provide the company with an appropriate solution to reduce the amount of weld used on the front part of the load carrying unit. To accomplish this, a series of analyses utilising CATIA and ANSYS was performed on both existing and adjusted (potential replacement) welded connections. The analyses brought to light the fact that the fatigue resistance of welded connections significantly depends on the penetration depth. In other words, reinforcing the welded connections by deeper penetration is more beneficial than providing support from outside through thicker weld. It was concluded that applying adjusted welds lessens both the production time and cost. Nevertheless, since the welds on the load carrying unit are correlated; more extensive studies covering all welds should be carried out to estimate the impacts of similar replacements.</p>