En el presente informe, se realiza un estudio del desarrollo de una planta generadora de energía eólica en el territorio peruano. / In this report, a study was make for develop a wind power plant in Peru. / Trabajo de investigación

This Thesis aims to explore how the opening of offshore wind power development blocks in Norway results in conflicts between fishermen and the offshore wind industry. The goal is to identify synergies between the two maritime sectors which may be used in future consultation phases. The Thesis includes qualitative research that was compiled by document analysis and triangulated by examining and interpreting data found within the literature review, hearing responses, interviews, and public letters. The results unveil that conflict inducing factors in Norway are similar to international cases. These factors include concerns for noise under construction and operation, the loss of acreage/livelihood, the lack of knowledge, and the disregard for fishermen’s concerns.  It was found that offshore wind could lead to more sustainable fishing practices and give way to aquaculture activity. Wind farms may serve as a safe haven for juvenile marine species and increase biodiversity by the creation of artificial reefs on foundation structures. An in-situ demonstration of these effects was suggested to increase knowledge and facilitate coexistence. A willingness from both parties to come to a solution was identified and it was suggested to employ an objective mediator in future consultations/negotiations. Finally, it was suggested to deploy offshore wind farther from land, and to offset the cost of increased depth by increasing the capacity of projects.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The West Coast Region (WCR) of the Western Cape Province in South Africa is earmarked for at least 13 windfarm developments. These proposed developments represent an investment in and a movement towards cleaner and alternative ways of energy generation. All developments that will alter the environment or landscape are usually received with some sort of opposition. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not the presence of wind turbines in the form of wind farms will have any affect on the sense of place of insiders of (residents) and outsiders (visitors) to the West Coast Region, the insiders’ attachment to their natural landscapes and the outsiders’ experiences of the region. In the context of multiple issues arising from a very complex discourse around the possible effects that the proposed windfarms are perceived to have in the WCR, this study approached the research topic from three perspectives of inquiry: (1) windfarms and people’s place attachment; (2) windfarms and landscape aesthetic and function interference; and (3) windfarms and its effect on tourism. The study area includes 15 towns of three subregions of the WCR, namely the Swartland, West Coast Peninsula and Bergrivier subregions. The research objectives are seven fold, namely (1) to establish a solid base and understanding of the concepts and constructs related to wind energy, landscape aesthetics and place attachment; (2) to review appropriate case studies reported in the international literature and apply relevant methodologies in this study; (3) investigate theories, types and models of public decision making to explore the degree to which these could be applied to windfarm support or objection in the WCR; (4) to critique current policies in windfarm establishment and discover whether and how these shape social objection to or support for windfarm development in the WCR; (5) to establish the perceptions and attitudes relating to wind turbines of three groups of actors (tourism industry, tourists and residents) in the WCR by conducting questionnaire surveys in 15 West Coast towns and villages and interpret these views in relation to the impacts of wind turbines on the local landscape; (6) to determine the insiders’ place attachments to the WCR, whether the presence of wind turbines will affect these attachments and whether their attachments influence decisions to support or oppose the proposed windfarm developments; and (7) to assess the extent to which the presence of wind turbines will affect the tourism value of the region. Primary data was further strengthened by semi-structured interviews, informal conversations and observation at public participation and specialized group meetings. Data was analysed using SPSS, Excel and ArcGIS. The findings indicate that respondents are concerned with issues related to the sustainability of the natural environment and that the residents of the WCR possess a strong sense of attachment to the region, but no clear indication was found that their place attachment serve as a reason for their opposition to the proposed windfarm developments. Although the support for windfarm development decreases from a national to a regional level and to the local level of in or close to the towns in which respondents reside, their opposition to windfarm development in the region cannot only be regarded as simple not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) attitudes. Seventy-five per cent of the respondents regard the physical landscape of the WCR as very special, but would still support the development of windfarms in the region indicating that the respondents do not believe the construction of wind turbines in the WCR landscapes will influence the special character of landscapes negatively. There is no indication presently that the tourism industry would be affected negatively by windfarm development in the region as both residents and visitors do not believe that windfarms deter tourists from visiting certain areas and more than 90% of visitors indicated they would return to the WCR after a number of windfarms have been developed. It is recommended that a post-development impact study be conducted to determine the attitudes toward windfarm development in the WCR following the deployment of wind turbines. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Weskus-streek in die Wes-Kaap provinsie van Suid-Afrika word geoormerk vir ten minste 13 windplaas ontwikkelinge. Hierdie voorgestelde ontwikkelinge verteenwoordig ‘n belegging in en ‘n beweging na skoner en alternatiewe maniere van energieopwekking. Alle ontwikkelinge wat die omgewing of landskap sal verander word gewoonlik ontvang deur ‘n mate van teenkanting. Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaal of die teenwoordigheid van windturbines in die vorm van windplase enige invloed op die plekbewustheid van inwoners van en besoekers aan die Weskus-streek, hulle gehegdheid aan die streek se natuurlike landskappe en besoekers se ervarings van die streek sal uitoefen. Binne die konteks van verskeie kwessies met hul oorsprong vanuit ‘n baie komplekse diskoers rondom die moontlike effekte wat vermeen word die voorgestelde windplase op die Weskus-streek sal hê, benader hierdie studie die navorsingsonderwerp vanuit drie navraagsperspektiewe: (1) windplase en mense se plekgehegdheid; (2) windplase en landskap estetiese en funksie steuring; en (3) windplase en die effek daarvan op toerisme. Die studie area sluit 15 dorpe uit drie substreke van die Weskus-streek in, naamlik die Swartland, Weskus Skiereiland en Bergrivier substreke. Die navorsingsdoelwitte is sewevoudig, naamlik (1) om ‘n konseptuele basis en verstaan van konsepte en konstrukte geassosieerd met windenergie-opwekking, landskap estetika en plekgehegdheid te kweek; (2) om toepaslike gevallestudies te hersien en sommige relevante metodologie vir die studie aan te wend; (3) om teorieë, tipes en modelle van publieke besluitneming te ondersoek ten einde te bepaal tot watter graad dit aangewend kan word tot windplaasondersteuning of teenkanting in die Weskus-streek; (4) om kritiek te lewer op huidige beleide van windplaasontwikkeling en te ontdek tot watter mate en hoe dit sosiale teenkanting of ondersteuning van windplaasontwikkeling in die Weskus-streek vorm; (5) om die persepsies en houdings van drie groepe deelnemers (die toerisme industrie, toeriste en inwoners) in die Weskus-streek te bepaal deur vraelysopnames in 15 Weskus dorpe te doen en hierdie sienings in verhouding met die impakte van windturbines op die plaaslike landskap te interpreer; (6) om die inwoners se plekgehegdheid tot die Weskus-streek te bepaal en of die teenwoordigheid van wind turbines hierdie gehegdheid sal affekteer en of hul gehegdheid besluitneming rakende die ondersteuning vir, of teenkanting teen, windplaasontwkkeling beïnvloed; en (7) om te bepaal tot watter mate die teenwoordigheid van windturbines die toerisme waarde van die streek sal affekteer. Primêre data is verder versterk deur semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude, informele gesprekke en waarneming by publieke deelname sessies en gespesialiseerde groepsvergaderings. Data is ontleed deur middel van SPSS, Excel en ArcGIS. Daar is bevind dat respondente besorg is oor kwessies rondom die volhoubaarheid van die natuurlike omgewing en dat die inwoners van die Weskus-streek ‘n sterk gehegtheid aan die streek het, maar geen definitiewe aanduiding is gevind dat hulle gehegdheid aan die streek as ‘n behoorlike rede vir hul teenstand teen die voorgestelde windplase aangevoer kan word nie. Alhoewel ondersteuning vir windplase afneem vanaf nasionaal na streeksvlak en die plaaslike vlak van binne of naby die dorp waar respondente woon, kan teenkanting teen die ontwikkeling van windplase in die streek nie slegs eenvoudig as ‘n nie-in-my-agterplaas houding (NIMAP) beskou word nie. Vyf-en-sewentig persent van die respondente ag die fisiese landskap van die Weskus-streek as baie spesiaal, maar ondersteun steeds windplaasontwikkeling in die streek wat aandui dat die respondente nie van mening is dat die oprigting van windturbines in die Weskus-streek landskappe die spesiale karakter van hierdie landskappe negatief sal beïnvloed nie. Daar is tans geen aanduiding dat die toerismebedryf negatief deur windplaasontwikkeling beïnvloed sal word nie aangesien beide inwoners en besoekers aangedui het dat hul nie van mening is dat windplase toeriste sal verhinder om sekere areas te besoek nie. Negentig persent van besoekers het aangedui dat hul steeds sal terugkeer na die Weskus-streek ná die ontwikkeling van ‘n aantal windplase. Dit word aanbeveel dat ‘n ná-ontwikkeling impakstudie onderneem word om die houdings jeens windplaasontwikkeling in die Weskus-streek ná oprigting van die turbines te ondersoek.

Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / This paper describes a MEng thesis project for a MEng in Renewable Energy Systems program at the Centre for Renewable Energy Studies at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. The aim of this paper was to offer to SAB (South African Breweries), in Cape Town, a feasibility study for the possibilities of the usage of wind energy on site. The small scale wind power technology has a long history and has been in South Africa for more than a hundred years in the form of water pump wind mills. All wind mills have an absolute maximum power output defined by the Betz limit. The choice of a wind turbine depends not only on this, but also on the wind speed distribution, the power curve, the location and financing. The small scale turbines have many different design which are predominantly grouped in horizontal axis (HAWT) and vertical axis (VAWT) machines. The choice of turbine for SAB depends on the available wind energy, the available budget, the available space and the application. The aim of the measurements on site was threefold; find a correlation with existing weather stations in the area like at Cape Town International Airport, propose a turbine for SAB’s budget and research the possibility for installing the turbine on one of the buildings. This is also known as building integrated wind turbines. Wind speeds can increase over buildings due to venturi effects and it could therefore be viable to locate these acceleration zones and install a turbine there. The data analysis shows that the wind above the brewery is very well correlated with the wind at the airport. We can therefore use the average speed values of this station to predict average power production. This leads to the proposal of a 1kW or 3kW turbine from a South African manufacturer: Kestrel. Building integration is however not a good idea. The wind is too turbulent and can therefore not be used. This is mainly caused by the fact that the surroundings of the brewery are too high and irregularly shaped. This makes it difficult for the wind to “lower” in between the buildings and accelerate. The wind turbine for SAB is proposed to be installed on the highest point of the roof and based on the neighbouring average wind speed values. The wind turbine should be connected directly to the brewery’s grid with an inverter and would then solely function as an energy saver. Another important aspect is the promotional value in the energy efficiency strategy of SAB. / Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies

During the last three decades, the hub height of wind turbines has increased from 24 to 162 meters and with an increasing demand for break-through innovations in green energy production it seems likely that this trend will continue. The meteorological preconditions for extreme-scale wind turbines are investigated for Scandinavia using 33 years of reanalysis data from MERRA (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications). Second degree polynomials are fitted to the wind and temperature profiles and evaluated at 100, 200 and 300 m above ground level (AGL). The spatial and temporal variation of average wind speed and median wind power density is studied. Simple metrics such as the wind shear and risk of icing, measured as occasions with temperature below freezing, are used to give an idea of the loads on the wind turbines. Winter is the windiest season, and generally the wind speed is highest over sea and in the Scandinavian mountain range. Going from 100 to 300 m AGL the average wind speed increases with 1 m/s over sea and 2 m/s over land. During night the wind speed increases over land but decreases over sea compared to daytime values. On average the wind shear is about 3.6 times larger in the 50-100 m layer than in the 100-300 m layer. The calculated wind field at 100 m AGL has been compared with results from the MIUU-model, developed at the Department of Meteorology, Uppsala University. The general features are captured but there are important discrepancies between the coast and the mountains in the northern part of Sweden. MERRA data has been validated in different ways, for example by comparing with measured wind speed and temperature profiles. The temperature profiles are in good agreement while the wind profiles differ significantly. It is also shown that MERRA data is not internally consistent in the mountain range, causing a large uncertainty. In future studies, the risk of icing could be explored further. Also, the distribution of sound from extreme-scale wind turbines could be investigated. / Under de senaste tre decennierna har navhöjden för vindkraftverk ökat från 24 till 162 meter och med en ökande efterfrågan på banbrytande innovationer inom produktion av grön energi är det troligt att denna trend kommer att fortsätta. De meteorologiska förutsättningarna för extremskaliga vindkraftverk i Skandinavien undersöks baserat på 33 års återanalysdata från MERRA (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications). Andragradspolynom anpassas till vind- och temperaturprofilerna och evalueras på höjderna 100, 200 och 300 meter över markytan. Variationen i rummet och med tiden av medelvindhastigheten och medianen av vindenergiintensiteten studeras. Enkla mått som vindskjuvningen och risken för nedisning, mätt som antalet tillfällen då temperaturen understiger fryspunkten, används för att ge en uppfattning om risken för belastningarna på vindkraftverken. Vintern är den årstid då det blåser mest och i allmänhet är vindstyrkan högst över hav och i fjälltrakterna. Förflyttar man sig från 100 till 300 m över markytan ökar medelvindhastigheten med 1 m/s över hav och med 2 m/s över land. Under natten ökar vinden över land men minskar över hav i jämförelse med värdena under dagen. I medeltal är vindskjuvningen 3.6 gånger större i 50-100 m skiktet jämfört med 100-300 m skiktet. Det beräknade vindfältet på 100 m över markytan har jämförts med resultat från MIUU-modellen, utvecklad vid institutionen för meteorologi, Uppsala universitet. De allmänna dragen är samma men det finns viktiga avvikelser mellan kusten och fjälltrakterna i norra Sverige. MERRA-data har validerats på olika sätt, till exempel genom att jämföra med uppmätta vind- och temperaturprofiler. Temperaturprofilerna visar god överensstämmelse men det är signifikanta skillnader mellan vindprofilerna. Det visas också att MERRA-data inte är konsistent i fjälltrakten, vilket medför en stor osäkerhet. I framtida studier kan risken för nedisning studeras utförligare liksom ljudutbredningen från extremskaliga vindkraftverk.

Amongst the available renewable energy sources, offshore wind energy is having a rapid expansion. Renewable energies are viewed as an environmental benign alternative to the energy production based on fossil fuels, but the emerging development of offshore wind energy has also raised public concern over its potential impact on seabird communities. To assess this impact, seabird distribution and abundance maps are usually included in Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA) and Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA). Nevertheless few studies have attempted to develop analytical methods to assess quantitatively the potential impacts of offshore wind farms on birds based on seabird distribution data. This PhD study aims to contribute to fill in this gap in the methodological approach. The thesis is a compilation of four studies, two published papers, one submitted manuscript and another ready for submission. These studies focus on different analytical approaches that integrate the spatial and temporal dimension of seabird distribution at large scale and regional and local scale. After presenting these integrative tools I provide practical guidelines for practitioners on how to integrate the tools in the design of SEAs and EIAs. / D’entre totes les fonts d’energia renovable disponibles actualment, l’energia eòlica marina està tenint una ràpida expansió. Les energies renovables es veuen com una bona alternativa per reduir el nostre ús dels combustibles fòssils. El desenvolupament de l’energia eòlica marina, però, també planteja incògnites i preocupació respecte els seus possibles efectes sobre les comunitats d’aus marines. Per avaluar aquest impacte, tant els mapes de distribució com els mapes d’abundància de les aus marines es solen incloure en les avaluacions ambientals estratègiques (AAE) i les avaluacions d'impacte ambiental (AIA). No obstant això, pocs estudis han intentat desenvolupar mètodes analítics per quantificar els impactes potencials dels parcs eòlics marins basats en les dades de distribució i abundància de les aus. Aquest treball de doctorat té com a objectiu contribuir a omplir aquest buit que hi ha a nivell metodològic. La tesi és un recull de quatre estudis, dos articles publicats, un manuscrit enviat i un altre llest per enviar. Aquests estudis es centren en diferents mètodes analítics que integren la dimensió espacial i temporal de la distribució d'aus marines a gran escala i a escala regional i local. Després de presentar aquestes eines d'integració en detall, presento una sèrie de recomanacions i directrius pràctiques sobre la manera òptima d'integrar aquestes eines en el disseny d'EAE i EIA, dirigides principalment a tots aquells experts involucrats en el disseny d’Avaluacions ambientals, tant a nivell estratègic com local. / De entre todas las fuentes de energía renovable disponibles actualmente, la energía eólica marina destaca por su rápida expansión. Las energías renovables están muy bien consideradas como alternativa para reducir nuestro uso de combustibles fósiles. Sin embargo, el desarrollo de la energía eólica marina también plantea incógnitas y cierto grado de preocupación respecto a sus posibles efectos sobre las comunidades de aves marinas. Para evaluar este impacto, se suele incluir mapas de distribución y de abundancia de aves en las Evaluaciones Ambientales Estratégicas (EAE) y las Evaluaciones de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) para este tipo de instalaciones. Sin embargo, pocos estudios han intentado desarrollar métodos analíticos para cuantificar los impactos potenciales de los parques eólicos marinos basados en los datos de distribución y abundancia de las aves. Este trabajo de doctorado tiene como objetivo contribuir a llenar este vacío que existe a nivel metodológico. La tesis es una recopilación de cuatro estudios, dos artículos publicados, un manuscrito enviado y otro listo para enviar. Estos estudios se centran en diferentes métodos analíticos que integran la dimensión espacial y temporal de la distribución de aves marinas a gran escala y a escala regional y local. Tras presentar con detalle estas herramientas de integración, presento una serie de recomendaciones y directrices prácticas sobre la manera óptima de integrar estas herramientas en el diseño de los EAE y EIA, dirigidas principalmente a todos aquellos expertos involucrados en el diseño de Evaluaciones ambientales, tanto a nivel estratégico como local.

With the rapid expansion of offshore wind power capacity in the world in the last decade, innovative offshore solutions are designed in order to meet the upcoming power capacity installations. As in all other energy sectors, offshore wind power has certain conditions that have to be met to increase the efficacy of the outcome.In this thesis, wake effect impact on the production results of Hexicon AB’s innovative floating and rotating offshore wind power platform project with 3 turbines located in the southern part of Sweden are analyzed through the application of “Analytical wake models” and the “Actuator Disc method”, with the help of WindSim.The results of Analytical models and Actuator Disc method were found to be independent of one another. Even though analytical wake models did not find any wake effect impact among the turbines, the results can be considered as logical. However, the Actuator Disc method created unexpected results which might stem from the WindSim – AD combination. It is therefore recommended to further explore these scenarios with other (more) advanced simulation tools.

This thesis presents a domain-independent approach to dynamic system management using goals and policies. A goal is a general, high-level aim a system must continually work toward achieving. A policy is a statement of how a system should behave for a given set of detectable events and conditions. Combined, goals may be realised through the selection and execution of policies that contribute to their aims. In this manner, a system may be managed using a goal-directed, policy-based approach. The approach is a collection of related techniques and tools: a policy language and policy system, goal definition and refinement via policy selection, and conflict filtering among policies. Central to these themes, ontologies are used to model application domains, and incorporate domain knowledge within the system. The ACCENT policy system (Advanced Component Control Enhancing Network Technologies, http://www.cs.stir.ac.uk/accent) is used as a base for the approach, while goals and policies are defined using an extension of APPEL (Adaptable and Programmable Policy Environment and Language, http://www.cs.stir.ac.uk/appel). The approach differs from existing work in that it reduces system state, goals and policies to a numerical rather than logical form. This is more user-friendly as the goal domain may be expressed without any knowledge of formal methods. All developed techniques and tools are entirely domain-independent, allowing for reuse with other event-driven systems. The ability to express a system aim as a goal provides more powerful and proactive high-level management than was previously possible using policies alone. The approach is demonstrated and evaluated within this thesis for the domains of Internet telephony and sensor network/wind turbine management.

High concentrations and fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in fluvial systems are associated with the dark brown water colour familiar in many upland, peat-dominated areas and may indicate a depletion of the terrestrial carbon store. The removal of this colour can also be problematic and expensive for water companies as well as affecting the ecological functioning of the water body through factors such as reduced light penetration through the water column. Disturbance resulting from activities such as land use change can also enhance the loss of carbon and this may manifest itself in elevated concentrations and fluxes of DOC from aquatic systems. This thesis describes and explains patterns of change in DOC quantity and quality from the Crosswater, Crosswater of Luce and Tig catchments draining Arecleoch Forest, a peatland in south Ayrshire, Scotland, from 2008 to 2010. This time period incorporates the installation of a 60-turbine wind farm built and operated by Scottish Power Renewables (SPR). Water samples were collected from Arecleoch at different spatial scales ranging from catchments to soil pore water and temporal scales ranging from daily to seasonally. Concentrations of DOC were measured and fluxes estimated at the catchment scale. DOC concentrations from all three catchments exhibited the well-established seasonal pattern with maxima in late August/early September and minima seen in February/March. The Tig catchment experienced the greatest burden of disturbance from the wind farm development and returned the highest DOC concentrations and fluxes. The Crosswater catchment, used as a control site due to its isolation from wind farm activities, had higher DOC concentrations than the Crosswater of Luce throughout the monitoring period possibly due to a greater proportion of forest cover. ii DOC flux ranged from 35.0 g C m-2 yr-1 from the Crosswater of Luce catchment in 2008 to 55.0 g C m-2 yr-1 from the Crosswater in 2009. The Tig catchment was not monitored for the whole period but returned the highest DOC fluxes of the three catchments between January and June 2010 (15.7 g C m-2). These values are considered high for UK peatlands. It is possible to make a tentative estimate of an extra 12 g C m-2 being exported from the Crosswater of Luce in 2009 that may have been a result of wind farm and/or forestry activities in the catchment. At the sub-catchment scale, “hot spots” of high DOC concentrations (up to 113.4 mg L-1) were found during the final survey of headwater streams inside the development area of the wind farm site during construction in August 2010. Further surveys are recommended to assess whether DOC concentrations have decreased since completion of the wind farm. Daily water samples were collected upstream and downstream of turbine 33 during the excavation of the turbine base. DOC concentrations were higher downstream before work began on the turbine base and although the gap between upstream and downstream DOC concentrations increased over the monitoring period, statistical comparisons of these differences before and after the start of excavation work were not significant at the 95 % confidence level. Challenges arose from the practicability of conducting robust research on a construction site and novel approaches to monitoring DOC were developed. Activity scores were used to quantify the effect of peatland disturbance on DOC concentrations at the catchment scale. The results suggest that this approach may have merit but requires comprehensive site records from the developer. The non-linear nature of the individual wind farm development and forestry activities made it impractical to disentangle the impact of each, particularly for forest harvesting. iii Activity scores could, together with other information gathered from site records, be useful to developers as an indicator of the most likely periods for peat disturbance. Knowledge of the differing disturbance potential of the various activities could also provide useful information to feed into the carbon payback calculator. DOC quality was explored using ultraviolet (UV) absorbance, specific UV absorbance (SUVA) and E4/E6 ratios. The latter metric identified changes in the composition of DOC related to disturbance with water samples from areas draining land subject to disturbance having lower E4/E6 ratios indicating a greater degree of humification of the DOC. This research provides one of only three studies to investigate concentrations and fluxes of DOC in water courses draining land subject to disturbance relating to wind farm construction. It is the only study that incorporates a period of time prior to work beginning and takes in the whole of the development phase. In this respect it provides a valuable addition to our understanding of the way in which peatlands respond to land use change and may provide useful tools to assist developers in minimising the impact of their activities on these valuable carbon stores.

Šio darbo tikslas - ištirti pastovių elektros energijos poreikių tenkinimo galimybes naudojant kompleksiškai saulės ir vėjo energijos konversijos į elektros energijos sistemas. Darbe nustatyta pagrindiniai kompleksinės, saulės – vėjo, jėgainės parametrai, remiantis daugiamečiais ir 2009 metų saulės ir vėjo parametrų stebėjimo duomenimis. Tyrimų metu nustatyta, kompleksinės saulės – vėjo jėgainės optimalios kompleksinio naudojimo galimybės. Analizuojant daugiamečius meteorologinius duomenis nustatyta, kad 1 kWh/dieną elektros energijos poreikius galima patenkinti naudojant kompleksinę saulės ir vėjo energijos sistema. Kompleksinėje sistemoje būtina naudoti 1,35 m2 vėjaračio darbinį plotą ir 0,98 m2 ploto fotoelektrinį modulį. / The aim - to investigate steady electricity needs, using an integrated solar and wind energy conversion to electric power systems. The work of the basic hybrid solar - wind power settings on the basis of perennial and 2009 year solar wind parameters monitoring data. Studies have shown, the hybrid solar - wind turbine optimum use of complex options. The analysis of multi-meteorological data showed that 1 kWh / day energy needs can be met using an integrated solar and wind energy system. The complex system requires the use of 1.35 m2 swept area working and 0.98 m2 photovoltaic modules.