Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-135). / This research study focuses mainly on the internal environment of land reform in the South African Wine Industry. Therefore it deals specifically with empowerment projects in the South African Wine Industry on producer level. Given the concern as mentioned above the following research question was formulated: How does one increase the leadership and management capabilities of individuals within empowerment projects on the primary producer level in the South African Wine Industry?

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-107). / The environment, in which wine business operate, is the global wine arena. This environment is increasingly complex, competitive and fraught with challenges (Rabobank International, 2003). In addition to managing the changes in supply and demand, the competition is mounting and the challenges are increased by a structural and long-term oversupply that has caused falling prices and margins all round the globe (Rabobank International, 2006). The four recognised and accepted drivers of change for the wine industry are shifting demand; increasing retail power; the increasing impact of brands and increasing competition between wine countries and companies.

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-101). / The objective of this dissertation is to understand the critical elements that are needed to ensure the viability of a government funded regional trade promotion organisation. This is done by using the Western Cape Trade and Investment Promotion Agency of the Western Cape (Wesgro) as a case study. The mandate of Wesgro is (a) to attract and facilitate foreign and domestic direct investment into the Western Cape, (b) to grow exports of products and services of the Western Cape through development of export capability, demand and market access, (c) to market the Western Cape as a competitive business destination within the national and international arenas. The mandate aims to contribute to the strengthening of the province and promote equitable participation in the economy by sectors of the community and all regions of the province.

Includes bibliographical references. / A three phase investigation into the utility of wine consumer opinion as a viable source of information to wine consumers in South Africa. The research demonstrates that existing marketing and expert opinion is inappropriately constructed, using paradigms that are overly simplistic or language that is not valued by consumers. The paper further investigates the use of visual representations of wine to communicate the "tasting notes" of consumers, providing a first access trigger which can be quickly and accurately interpreted into an assessable taste for the wine. Lastly it examines the benefits of using consumers to provide narrative reviews of the wine, in whatever terms they choose, to represent the consumption experience of the wine.

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία ασχολείται με την διεθνή εξωστρέφεια των ελληνικών οινοποιητικών επιχειρήσεων καθώς και τις στρατηγικές τους σχέσεις. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, έχει παρατηρηθεί την τελευταία πενταετία μία τάση για διεθνή εξωστρέφειας από τις ελληνικές οινοποιητικές επιχειρήσεις. Αν και έχει μειωθεί η παραγωγή του ελληνικού οίνου, υπάρχει μια στροφή προς την εμφιάλωση ανώτερου ποιοτικά κρασιού και εξαγωγή του καθώς και μια στενότερη συνεργασία μεταξύ των επιχειρήσεων του κλάδου. Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας είναι να δούμε από τι εξαρτάται η ανάπτυξη των επιχειρήσεών αυτών ,η αποδοτικότητα τους καθώς και η απόδοση των εξαγωγών τους. Η παρούσα εργασία χωρίζεται σε δύο βασικά μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος γίνεται μία παρουσίαση της κατάστασης που επικρατεί στον αμπελοοινικό τομέα στην Ελλάδα την Ευρώπη αλλά και σε όλο τον κόσμο. Συγκεκριμένα γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά στη λειτουργία της αγοράς οίνου με στοιχεία που αφορούν την παραγωγή, την κατανάλωση, τις εισαγωγές και τις εξαγωγές οίνου αλλά και την οργάνωση της εγχώριας αγοράς σε επίπεδο επιχειρήσεων. Παράλληλα παρουσιάζεται το θεσμικό πλαίσιο που διέπει τον τομέα του οίνου στην αγορά και ειδικότερα η νέα Κοινή Οργάνωση της Αμπελοοινικής Αγοράς. Ακόμη παρουσιάζονται οι ορισμοί και χαρακτηριστικά των στρατηγικών συνεργασιών και ομαδοποιήσεων των επιχειρήσεων, καθώς και προϋποθέσεις επιτυχίας τους και παραδείγματα εφαρμογής τους. Στο δεύτερο μέρος παρουσιάζεται η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθήθηκε για τη διεξαγωγή της έρευνας. Ειδικότερα, περιγράφεται ο προσδιορισμός του πλαισίου του δείγματος της έρευνας, ο τρόπος διεξαγωγής αυτής καθώς και τα χαρακτηριστικά των επιχειρήσεων που συμμετείχαν στην έρευνα. Επίσης, παρουσιάζεται ο τρόπος σύνταξης και η διάρθρωση του ερωτηματολογίου που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για τις ανάγκες της έρευνας, τα αποτελέσματα και τα βασικά συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν από την έρευνα. / The following is a presentation of the international extrovert behavior of the Greek businesses as well as of their strategic relationships. More specifically, it has been observed that over the last five years the Greek wine businesses have been more interested in working with foreign countries. Even though the amount of the production of Greek wine has been reduced, there is great amount of interest in bottling wine of superior quality, exporting it and collaborating more closely with other local businesses. The aim of this study is to elaborate on the factors which are responsible for the development of these businesses, their effectiveness and the efficiency of their exports. This study is divided into two main parts. In the first part there is a presentation of the current situation of the wine industry in Greece, Europe and all over the world. Specifically, there is an extensive reference on how the wine business works, using information concerning the production, the consumption, the imports and exports of wine as well as the organization of the local wine businesses. Simultaneously, there is a presentation of the established rules which apply in the wine market and more specifically the new Common Organisation of the wine market. Also the definitions and characteristics of the strategic relationships, the batch process of businesses, the conditions of their success and examples of their implementation are included. In the second part, there is a presentation of the methodology which was followed for this study. There is a thorough presentation of how the sample of this research was established, the way it was conducted and the characteristics of the businesses which were included in the research. There is also a presentation of how it was written and how the questionnaire used was created for the needs of this research, the results and the main conclusions which were drawn.

Dans cette recherche nous nous intéressons aux processus d'échange d'informations entre acteurs au travers de trois approches théoriques : les routines organisationnelles, l'approche par les proximités et la théorie de l'effectuation. Le projet est de rendre intelligible le rôle joué par la dialectique causale/effectuale dans l'articulation des routines organisationnelles d'échanges d'informations dans un contexte de proximité. Nous utilisons une méthode qualitative organisée autour de l'étude des domaines vitivinicoles du territoire provençal. Notre démarche abductive s'organise autour d'une phase exploratoire et d'une phase compréhensive descriptive au cours desquelles nous avons procédé à des analyses textuelles, via des logiciels d'aide à l'analyse de données qualitatives et de contenu, selon la méthode de comparaison continue empruntée à la théorie enracinée. Nos résultats indiquent que la triangulation des différentes informations issues des processus d'échanges avec les différents acteurs dans un contexte de proximité participe, de manière générale, à l'évolution des formes de raisonnement des responsables des domaines vitivinicoles, d'une logique causale à une logique effectuale et vice-versa. En cela la théorie de l'effectuation et plus précisément la dialectique causale/ effectuale peut alors être considérée dans une perspective intégrative pour compléter et agrémenter l'intelligibilité des processus d'échanges d'informations. L'existence d'interactions entre les modes de raisonnements causaux et effectuaux des responsables des domaines vitivinicoles sont en lien avec la médiatisation des routines organisationnelles internes et externes bâties sur des mix de proximités organisationnelles. / In this research, we are looking at information exchanges processes among actors, using three theoretical appoaches : organisational routines (Lewin et al. 2011), proximity approches (Pecqueur et Zimmermann, 2004 ; Torre et Beuret, 2012 ; Torrès, 2003, 2009) and the effectuation theory (Sarasvathy, 2003, 2007). Our itent is to understand the role of causal/effectual modes of reasoning in the articulation of organisational routines within context of proximity among actors. Using a qualitative method based on a single-case involving embedded units of analysis, we are studying small and medium size entreprises (SMEs) of the Provence wine industry. Our abductive approach is organised around an exploratory and a descriptive/ comprehensive phase. We proceeded textual analyses, with the help of softwares and content analyses, using the continuous comparison method borrowed from the grounded theory. Our findings reveal that the triangulation of various informations stemming from exchanges processes developped with different actors in a proximity context, participate to the evolution of the managers' modes of reasoning from causal to effectual and vice-versa. We discussed that the effectuation theory and more precisely, the causal/effectal modes of reasoning, can be considered as in integrative approach which contribute to a better understanding of the informations exchanges processes among actors. We argued more precisely, that interactions between causal and effectual modes of reasoning of wine SMEs managers are related to the mediation of internal and external organisational routines build on mix of proximities.