The study focuses on the important issue of young adult female sexuality in an age of HIV/AIDS. The research question explores the influence of the parental home, the church and young black women's own belief on their sexual behaviour. Sexuality is influenced by societal voices that override religious and parental voices. Parents are hesitant to speak out, the church is burdened with an antiquated and unworkable sexual ethics and the young women's belief is overpowered by social discourses. Male domination and infidelity exacerbate female vulnerability and contribute to the powerlessness of young women in sexual relationships. Feminist theology puts forward an embodied theology that demands integrated embodiment and full humanity for women. This can be achieved when relationships are mutual, reciprocal and empowering. This study proposes an accountable sexual ethics that will renew and recreate the lives and relationships of young people in a confusing and perilous environment. / Sys Theology & Theol Ethics / MTH (SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY)

The study focuses on the important issue of young adult female sexuality in an age of HIV/AIDS. The research question explores the influence of the parental home, the church and young black women's own belief on their sexual behaviour. Sexuality is influenced by societal voices that override religious and parental voices. Parents are hesitant to speak out, the church is burdened with an antiquated and unworkable sexual ethics and the young women's belief is overpowered by social discourses. Male domination and infidelity exacerbate female vulnerability and contribute to the powerlessness of young women in sexual relationships. Feminist theology puts forward an embodied theology that demands integrated embodiment and full humanity for women. This can be achieved when relationships are mutual, reciprocal and empowering. This study proposes an accountable sexual ethics that will renew and recreate the lives and relationships of young people in a confusing and perilous environment. / Sys Theology and Theol Ethics / MTH (SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY)

Women’s bodies and sexualities across history and race have been subjected to policing by the state, society and men. However, within the context of Black sexuality, black women’s bodies have been subject to silencing during the colonial encounter.This exploratory study set to document the subjective meanings associated with the Black WLW sexual identity of 50 women in Soweto. This study seeks to contribute to the recently emerging body of literature which has documented Black women’s same-sex sexualities as means to render their identities and experiences visible. Furthermore, to capture the terms used to describes samesex practicing women. The Q methodology was used to capture the various expressions along with their subjective representation. Two main distinct accounts emerged from the analysis. The Q analysis results indicated that there are two dominant forms of gender expressions and perceptions of what constitutes a Black WLW sexual identity in Soweto. Factor A distinguished itself through conceptualising this sexual identity in a ‘closed construction’ of attraction, with distinct gender roles. As such women in this factor identified with a sense of being domineering in the relationship, with potential partners expected to cook and clean. On the other hand, women who defined Factor B had a more inclusive construction of the Black WLW. These women placed emphasis on being comfortable with the bodies, particularly their breasts. Additionally, they valued the notion of equality in their relationships from sharing household chores to believing that sex should be about both partners pleasuring each other. The study also unpacked the meaning of self-identifying terms used by WLW in Soweto. In the absence of historically positive terms for same-sex sexualities, specifically indigenous terms, labelling becomes a site that does not prioritise meaning but reflects the negotiation of an oppressed sexual identity. What is in a name becomes a continuous struggle of reclaiming existence and visibility with oneself, the lesbian and gay community and the broader society.

Orientador: Wilton Marques / Banca: Lucia Barbosa / Banca: Maria Dolores Aybar / Resumo: Nossa pesquisa de mestrado tem como propósito analisar a representação da mulher negra na obra de Machado de Assis a partir da leitura de dois textos literários: o conto "Mariana", publicado em 1871 e o poema Sabina, presente na coletânea de versos Americanas, publicada em 1875. O trabalho se pauta no paradigma de leitura proposto por críticos como Antonio Candido e Roberto Schwarz - que entendem a existência de um projeto machadiano e de uma estreita relação entre a literatura e o processo social. O intuito, deste modo, é rediscutir o suposto absenteísmo machadiano, no que toca à questão da escravidão e problematizar a relação escravidão/mulher negra a fim de propor uma leitura da representação da condição humana da mulher negra realizada por Machado de Assis / Abstract:This research aims to analyze the representation of black woman in the work of Machado de Assis from the reading of two literary texts: the short story "Mariana" published in 1871 and the poem Sabina, from the collection Americanas, published in 1875. This work is based on the reading paradigm proposed by critics such as Antonio Candido and Roberto Schwarz - who understand the existence of a "Machado" project and a close relationship between literature and social process. Therefore, the aim is to revisit the alleged absenteeism of Machado de Assis regarding the issue of slavery, and to analyze the relation between slavery and black woman in order to propose a reading of the representation of the human condition of black women made by Machado de Assis / Mestre

Orientador: Dagoberto José Fonseca / Banca: Claudete Camargo Pereira Basaglia / Banca: Valquíria Pereira Tonório / Resumo: Essa dissertação tem como objetivo compreender de que modo as mulheres negras atuam no mundo do graffiti e quais as possíveis transformações presentes nesse campo majoritariamente ocupado por representações masculinizadas. Buscamos verificar como as relações de gênero se apresentam na prática de graffiti, sob a perspectiva das categorias de raça/etnia, a fim de compreender o lugar das mulheres negras nesse universo. Para tanto, nos atemos à produção cultural de duas grafiteiras negras: a Negahamburguer, de São Paulo/SP e a NeneSurreal, de Diadema/SP. Ambas são referências no universo do graffiti e iniciaram a prática por meio de afinidades com o Movimento Hip-Hop. Orientada pelas reflexões dos Estudos de Gênero, partimos do referencial teórico proposto pela historiadora e pesquisadora brasileira Lélia Gonzalez, que se constitui no desenvolvimento de estudos debruçados a compreender as mulheres negras enquanto agentes do processo de construção e transformação cultural. / Resumen: Esta disertación tiene como objetivo comprender cómo actúan las mujeres negras actúan en el mundo del graffiti y cuáles son las posibles transformaciones presentes en ese campo mayoritariamente ocupado por representaciones masculinizadas. Buscamos verificar cómo las relaciones de género se presentan en la práctica de graffiti, bajo la perspectiva de las categorías de raza/etnia, a fin de comprender el lugar de las mujeres negras en este universo. Nos atemos a la producción cultural de dos grafiteras negras: la Negahamburguer, de São Paulo / SP y la NeneSurreal, de Diadema / SP. Ambas son referencias en el universo del graffiti y iniciaron la práctica por medio de afinidades con el Movimiento Hip-Hop. Orientada por las reflexiones de los Estudios de Género, partimos del referencial teórico propuesto por la historiadora e investigadora brasileña Lélia González, que se constituye en el desarrollo de estudios dedicados a comprender a las mujeres negras como agentes del proceso de construcción y transformación cultural. / Mestre

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a scale that measures more accurate and flexible gender role representations of Black women regarding themselves and others. Scholars have called for the development of gender role instruments that measure more culturally relevant interpretations of masculinity and femininity (Dade & Sloan, 2000; Miville, 2013). Instruments that incorporate traditional Euro-centric notions of gender roles do not account well for the unique racial-ethnic contexts that likely influence how Black women construct gender as well as perpetuate the misrepresentation of black femininity, the justification of negative stereotypes of Black women (e.g., the Mammy, Jezebel and Sapphire), and the exclusion of Black women from healthy expressions of womanhood (Dade & Sloan, 2000; Harris, 1994). This study referred to the Multicultural Gender Roles Model (MGRM; Miville, Bratini, Corpus, Lau, and Redway, 2013) in an effort to better describe the gendered experiences Black women. The Multicultural Gender Roles Scale - Black Women (MGRS-BW) reflected a 22 Likert-type item scale reflecting a 3-factor structure. Reliability and construct validity was established in several ways: expert ratings, alpha coefficients, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Implications for future research and clinical applications also were presented.

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 1999. Graduate Programme in Social Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-132). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ39248.

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As youth in South African are affected by HIV/AIDS, risk reduction research has higWighted the needs of young people for information about sex, sexuality and risk. South African research has looked at young people's sources of sex information and their preferred sources. This thesis examines communication about sex with young people in their families as a protective factor in risk resilience and general problem-solving skills. The study explores how young Zulu women between the ages of 14-15 years understand communication about sex in their families, how and with whom sex is talked about, and how the young women understand the cultural 'taboo' on talking about sex in their families. This study employs an interpretive thematic analysis in analysing semi-structured interviews with eight rural district Zulu-speaking young women. The interview schedule drew on themes related to mother-daughter communication about sex from an American study by Brock and Jennings. The girls felt that there was minimal communication about sex within their families, and this reflected negative verbal and non-verbal messages. The girls wished that their biological parents could communicate with them about sexual issues freely and comfortably, as they would like to do with their own children when they grow up. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2007.

Saartje BaartJnan was a South African woman who signed a contract in 1810 that effectively made her the property of two white men wishing to exhibit her in Europe because of the shape and color of her body. In this text 1 examine two very different categories of representations of Baartman. First, I discuss images that were produced during Baartman's lifetime that discursively transformed her from a black woman with an identity into a pathologized body known as the Hottentot Venus, and second, I discuss the contemporary black female artists who are producing art inspired by Baartman in order to problematize the racist and sexist assumptions that have been inscribed on the black female body. My research encompasses important scholarship done by white feminist art historians, as well as that by black feminist theorists, and my thoughts on this subject have also been informed tremendously by work that has been done on the visual culture of slavery and on racist stereotypes by post-colonial scholars.