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The experiences of a group of women soldiers serving in the South African National Defence Force.Weiss Bar-Ner, Yael January 1998 (has links)
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of the Witwatersrand,
Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts. / This research report examines the experiences of a group of women-soldiers serving in
the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) in relation to two major
sociological concerns. The first concern is the South African transition and the
establishment of the SANDF, and the second is gender issues within the military.
There is little literature concerning women-soldiers in relation to the establishment of
the SANDF. In addition, the iiterature on women and militarism suggests that there is
no consensus amongst women around key questions regarding the military. Therefore,
researching the experiences of'a group of women-soldiers required the use of research
methods which would enable a free flow of information by the respondents. This
particular group of research subjects was identified through the quota sampling
technique. The group represented a large variety of social identities and backgrounds.
The informants were interviewed primarily through structured in-depth interviews.
The central finding of this research is that the informants had various experiences
according to different sociological characteristics, such as race, previous military
service, or marital status. In relation to the transition and the establishment of the
SANDF, military experience and race were found to be the most important factors in
shaping the respondents' experiences. In this regard, I have argued that the SANDF
reflects the former SADF Concerning gender issues within the military, marital status
appeared as the most relevant factor. Considering this, it is suggested that the social
responsibilities attached to wifehood and motherhood influence women toward
traditional female domains in the workplace. / Andrew Chakane 2019
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Transformation in the South African National Defence Force : with specific reference to gender equalityMonethi, Dineo Cecilia 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Transformation is an inevitable consequence of human resource practices and
includes the political imperatives, behavioural transformation and the
turnaround change. Gender equality is a critical component of the United
Nations Resolution on Human Rights (Resolution 1325). Women are subjected
to a variety of barriers that determine their organisational experiences, and
therefore the achievement of gender equity requires the elimination of
patriarchal practices, stereotypes and attitudes that perpetuate their
marginalisation. Striving for gender equity within the armed forces should not
reduce women to being passive victims of the transformation agenda as they
operate both during conflict and peace-time.
The representation and empowerment of women into decision-making
structures and the protection of their rights can be spearheaded through the
gender mainstreaming strategies. In the South African National Defence Force
(SANDF) transformation placed greater emphasis on racial representivity to the
neglect of gender equity. This situation has effectively contributed to the
gender dialogue which aimed to assess the implementation of gender equity
objectives. Furthermore, it is the guiding principle on the participation of
women in the military to enhance gender representation and the attainment of
self-actualisation and excelling in their areas of responsibilities.
The purpose of the study was to explore the extent to which the SANDF
supports gender transformation imperatives to ensure gender equity and it
further investigated gender integration within the SANDF as a supportive
theoretical analysis. The conceptual framework of gender transformation and
gender mainstreaming in the military, and in particular within the SANDF, in the
context of Employment Equity was conducted. To make an objective and informed assessment, the attitudes and perceptions
of middle management and lower management of both the SANDF were
measured. Data were collected from respondents through three sessions of
facilitated focus group interviews and a semi-structured self-administered
questionnaire. The sample was drawn from the Pretoria region.
The findings of the study indicated that the DOD top leadership is supportive of
gender transformation by the effective promulgation of transformation policies
and the improvement in the representation of women in decision-making
structures. The military environment is trying to create a conducive
environment for women by providing resources, the essential training for
women to maximise their potential, and furthermore by allowing their inclusion
in all areas including deployment areas. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Transformasie is ‘n onvermydelike gevolg van personeelbestuurspraktyk en
sluit in die politieke imperatiewe, gedragstransformasie en omkeerverandering.
Geslagsgelykgeregtigheid is ‘n kritieke komponent van die Verenigde Volke se
Resolusie aangaande Menseregte (Resolusie 1325). Vroue word onderwerp
aan ‘n verskeidenheid hindernisse wat hul organisasie ervarings bepaal en
daarom vereis die bereiking van geslagsgelykgeregtigheid die uitwissing van
patriargale praktyke, stereotipes en houdings wat marginalisering bevorder.
Die strewe na geslagsgelykgeregtigheid binne Weermagte behoort vroue nie te
degradeer tot passiewe slagoffers van die transformasie agenda nie aangesien
hulle aangewend word tydens beide konflik- en vredestye.
Die verteenwoordiging en bemagtiging van vroue in besluitmakende strukture
en die beskerming van hulle regte kan gerig word deur geslagshoofstroming
strategieë. In die Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Weermag (SANW) plaas
transformasie groter klem op rasse verteenwoordiging as op die nalating van
geslagsgelykgeregtigheid. Die situasie het effektief bygedra tot die
geslagsdialoog wat beoog om die implementering van
geslagsgelykgeregtigheid doelwitte te evalueer. Dit is ook verder die
leidinggewende beginsel rakende die deelname van vroue in die militêr om
geslagsverteenwoordiging te bevorder, die bereiking van selfaktualisering en
uitblinking in hulle verantwoordelikeidsomgewings.
Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaal tot welke mate die SANW
geslagstransformasie imperatiewe ondersteun ten einde
geslagsgelykgeregtigheid te verseker en het ook ondersoek ingestel na
geslagsintegrasie binne die SANW as ‘n ondersteunende teoretiese anal
ise.
Die konseptuele raamwerk is geskep rakende geslagstransformasie en
geslagshoofstroming in die militêr, en in besonder aangaande die SANW binne
die konteks van Werkverskaffingsgelykheid. Ten einde ‘n objektiewe en ingeligte evaluering uit te voer, is
die houdings en
persepsies van Departement van Verdediging (DvV) militêre en siviele
middelbestuurders en lae vlak bestuurders gemeet. Data is versamel van
respondente tydens drie geleenthede van gefasiliteerde fokusgroep
onderhoude en ‘n semi
-geadministreerde vraelys. Die steekproef is geneem
vanuit die Pretoria omgewing.
Die bevindinge van die studie dui daarop dat die (DvV) se top-leierskap
ondersteunend is aangaande geslagstransformasie deur die effektiewe
uitvaardiging van transformasie beleide en die verbetering van
verteenwordiging van vroue in besluitmakende strukture. Die militêre
omgewing poog om ‘n omgewing te skep wat toeganklik is vir vroue deur die
voorsiening van middele wat noodsaaklik is vir opleiding van vroue ten einde
hul potensiaal te optimaliseer en hulle verder toegang te verleen tot alle
gebiede insluitend gevegsgebiede.
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Gender discrimination in the SANDF : women as combat soldiers in the South African Army with reference to the Western Province CommandVeldtman, Sazi Livingston. 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As early as the unification of South Africa in 1910 enforced discrimination in the military
has been an issue that affected both race and gender. The advent of democracy in South
Africa has brought fundamental changes in spheres of governance. One of these changes is
the transformation of the public service of which the Department of Defence, in particular
the South African National Defence Force, is part.
The constitutional and judicial imperatives stipulated to the government departments to be
representative of the demographic composition of the population of South Africa. The
Department of Defence has provided a policy on equal opportunity and affirmative action
to redress the racial and gender imbalances of the past, to protect individual and groups
against unfair discrimination andto work towards achievement of employment equity.
The study seeks to establish the extent and influence of gender discrimination in the South
African National Defence with particular reference to the SA Army's Western Province
Command. To achieve this, the attitude of the middle and top management of the WP
Command towards the utilisation or employment of women in combat roles were assessed.
The study also investigated whether the mentioned management does encourage women to
be involved or participate in combat roles.
Data was collected from respondents by means of a structured questionnaire consisting of
58 questions (plus 8 unstructured questions). The sample was drawn from the SA Army's
WP Command and the focus was on middle and top management.
Findings of the study indicate that the SA Army's WP Command's middle and top
management supports the equality of men and women in general, but is reluctant to allow
women to participate in combat roles side by side with their male counterparts. Although
there seems to be an understanding and support for the policies of addressing equal
opportunities, traditional cultural beliefs or stereotypes about women still shape and
influence the acceptance and the non-acceptance of women in combat roles
Finally, recommendations highlight issues of consideration when drafting policy vis-a-vis
the utilisation of women as combat soldiers. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Reeds so vroeg as Uniewording van Suid Afrika in 1910 was geforseerde diskriminasie
binne die weermag 'n kwessie wat beide ras en geslag beïnvloed het. Die totstandkoming
van 'n demokrasie in Suid Afrika het fundamentele veranderinge in die sfeer van
Staatsbestuur te weeg gebring. Een van hierdie veranderinge het betrekking op die
transformasie van die staatsdiens, waarvan die Suid Afrikaanse Nasionale Weermag 'n deel
is.
Daar rus 'n konstitusionele en juridiese verpligting op staatsdepartmente om die
demografiese samestelling van die bevolking van Suid Afrika te weerspieel. Die
Department van Verdediging het 'n beleid van gelyke geleenthede en regstellende optrede
ontwikkelom die rasse- en geslagsongelykhede van die verlede aan te spreek. Die beleid
poog om individue en groepe teen onregverdige diskriminasie te beskerm en om billikheid
in die werksomgewing te verseker.
Hierdie studie poog om die omvang en invloed van geslagsdiskriminasie in die Suid-
Afrikaanse Nasionale .Weermag te bepaal, met spesifieke verwysing na Kommandement
Westelike Provinsie in die Suid-Afrikaanse Leer. Ten einde die omvang en invloed te
bepaal is die houdings van middel- en topbestuur van Kommandement WP beoordeel met
betrekking tot die aanwending of benutting van vrouens in 'n gevegsrol. Die studie poog
om te bepaal of genoemde bestuurders vrouens aanmoedig om betrokke te raak by, of deel
te neem in 'n gevegsrol.
Data insameling het geskied deur middel van 'n gestruktureerde vraelys wat 58 vrae bevat
het (Daar was ook 8 ongestruktureerde vrae ingesluit). Die steekproef is getrek uit lede van
die Suid Afrikaanse Leer verbonde aan Kommandement Westelike Provinsie, met die
spesifieke fokus op middel- en topbestuur.
Bevindings van die studie dui daarop dat middel- en topbestuur van Kommandement
Westelike Provinsie (SA Leer) oor die algemeen gelykheid tussen mans en dames
ondersteun. Hulle is egter onwillig om vrouens toe te laat om sy aan sy met hul manlike
eweknie in 'n gevegsrol te funksioneer.
Alhoewel dit blyk dat daar begrip en steun bestaan vir die beleid wat gelyke geleenthede
voorskryf, bepaal tradisionele kulturele oortuigings of stereotipes met betrekking tot vroue
steeds die aanvaarding of nie-aanvaarding van vrouens in 'n gevegsrol.
Die finale aanbeveling beklemtoon dat daar sekere kwessies is wat oorweging moet geniet
wanneer 'n beleid ten opsigte van die benutting van vroue as soldate in 'n gevegsrol,
opgestel word.
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