In dieser Arbeit wird ein Ansatz zur automatischen Berechnung und Ausführung von strukturellen Anpassungsmöglichkeiten für Workflows auf Basis von Kontextinformationen entwickelt. Zur Sicherstellung der semantischen Korrektheit der Anpassungsmöglichkeiten werden zwei Arten von Einschränkungen berücksichtigt: Zustandsbezogene Einschränkungen (ZBE) und Aktivitätsabhängigkeiten (AA). ZBEs spezifizieren Einschränkungen zwischen Anpassungsoperationen und dem Ausführungszustand des Workflows. AAs beschreiben temporale Beziehungen zwischen Aktivitäten eines Workflows.

Workflow management is widely accepted as a core technology to support long-term business processes in heterogeneous and distributed environments. However, conventional workflow management systems do not provide sufficient flexibility support to cope with the broad range of failure situations that may occur during workflow execution. In particular, most systems do not allow to dynamically adapt a workflow due to a failure situation, e.g., to dynamically drop or insert execution steps. As a contribution to overcome these limitations, this dissertation introduces the agent-based workflow management system AgentWork. AgentWork supports the definition, the execution and, as its main contribution, the event-oriented and semi-automated dynamic adaptation of workflows. Two strategies for automatic workflow adaptation are provided. Predictive adaptation adapts workflow parts affected by a failure in advance (predictively), typically as soon as the failure is detected. This is advantageous in many situations and gives enough time to meet organizational constraints for adapted workflow parts. Reactive adaptation is typically performed when predictive adaptation is not possible. In this case, adaptation is performed when the affected workflow part is to be executed, e.g., before an activity is executed it is checked whether it is subject to a workflow adaptation such as dropping, postponement or replacement. In particular, the following contributions are provided by AgentWork: A Formal Model for Workflow Definition, Execution, and Estimation: In this context, AgentWork first provides an object-oriented workflow definition language. This language allows for the definition of a workflow’s control and data flow. Furthermore, a workflow’s cooperation with other workflows or workflow systems can be specified. Second, AgentWork provides a precise workflow execution model. This is necessary, as a running workflow usually is a complex collection of concurrent activities and data flow processes, and as failure situations and dynamic adaptations affect running workflows. Furthermore, mechanisms for the estimation of a workflow’s future execution behavior are provided. These mechanisms are of particular importance for predictive adaptation. Mechanisms for Determining and Processing Failure Events and Failure Actions: AgentWork provides mechanisms to decide whether an event constitutes a failure situation and what has to be done to cope with this failure. This is formally achieved by evaluating event-condition-action rules where the event-condition part describes under which condition an event has to be viewed as a failure event. The action part represents the necessary actions needed to cope with the failure. To support the temporal dimension of events and actions, this dissertation provides a novel event-condition-action model based on a temporal object-oriented logic. Mechanisms for the Adaptation of Affected Workflows: In case of failure situations it has to be decided how an affected workflow has to be dynamically adapted on the node and edge level. AgentWork provides a novel approach that combines the two principal strategies reactive adaptation and predictive adaptation. Depending on the context of the failure, the appropriate strategy is selected. Furthermore, control flow adaptation operators are provided which translate failure actions into structural control flow adaptations. Data flow operators adapt the data flow after a control flow adaptation, if necessary. Mechanisms for the Handling of Inter-Workflow Implications of Failure Situations: AgentWork provides novel mechanisms to decide whether a failure situation occurring to a workflow affects other workflows that communicate and cooperate with this workflow. In particular, AgentWork derives the temporal implications of a dynamic adaptation by estimating the duration that will be needed to process the changed workflow definition (in comparison with the original definition). Furthermore, qualitative implications of the dynamic change are determined. For this purpose, so-called quality measuring objects are introduced. All mechanisms provided by AgentWork include that users may interact during the failure handling process. In particular, the user has the possibility to reject or modify suggested workflow adaptations. A Prototypical Implementation: Finally, a prototypical Corba-based implementation of AgentWork is described. This implementation supports the integration of AgentWork into the distributed and heterogeneous environments of real-world organizations such as hospitals or insurance business enterprises.

Universiẗat, Diss.--Duisburg-Essen, 2007.

Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Diss.

Techn. Univ., Habil.-Schr.--Wien, 2003.

A tecnologia de Workflow não é nova e muitos de seus benefícios já são largamente aproveitados em aplicações administrativas e de gestão de documentos, há bem mais de uma década. Atualmente, entretanto, tem-se buscado ampliar os horizontes da utilização do Workflow para outras aplicações. A área de educação à distância é uma das que tem grande potencial para aproveitar as características de coordenação de processos que o Workflow proporciona. Este trabalho buscou fornecer ao AdaptWeb - um ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem adaptativo para a Web desenvolvido na plataforma PHP/MySQL - a possibilidade de agregar um novo modo de funcionamento, baseado na tecnologia de Workflow. Para tanto, foi realizado o projeto de um Sistema de Gerenciamento deWorkflow completo, apropriado para ser utilizado por aplicações no ambiente PHP/MySQL, seguindo as recomendações da WfMC, entidade que estabelece os padrões para a área de Workflow. O trabalho também mostra como a execução de um curso à distância por um aluno no AdaptWeb pode ser mapeada para um processo de Workflow e como pode ser feita a descrição deste processo nos padrões da WfMC. Por fim, é apresentada uma proposta de extensão ao ambiente AdaptWeb para suportar um novo modo de interação, o modo dirigido, baseado no uso do Workflow, bem como idéias para estender o ambiente de autoria e de execução do curso para aproveitar novas perspectivas que o Workflow apresenta. / Workflow technology is not new and many administrative and document management applications have been taking benefits from it for more than one decade. Currently, however, usage of workflow is getting wider, since new kinds of applications start adopting the technology. Distance learning is one of those areas that have great potential for getting advantages from process coordination characteristics provided by workflow management systems. This work intended to providing a new interaction mode, based on workflow technology, to the AdaptWeb system - an adaptive web-based learning environment developed on PHP/MySQL platform. With this purpose, a Workflow Management System was designed to be used by applications running on PHP/MySQL environments, following WfMC's recommendations. WfMC is the main organization that establishes workflow standards and references. This work also shows how the execution of a distance learning course by an student in AdaptWeb can be mapped into a workflow process and how the description of such a process can be built using WfMC standards. Finally, some extensions to the AdaptWeb environment are proposed to support a new interaction mode based on workflow, as well as suggestions are discussed to extend the course authoring and execution environments to take benefits from the new perspective provided by the workflow approach.

A tecnologia de Workflow não é nova e muitos de seus benefícios já são largamente aproveitados em aplicações administrativas e de gestão de documentos, há bem mais de uma década. Atualmente, entretanto, tem-se buscado ampliar os horizontes da utilização do Workflow para outras aplicações. A área de educação à distância é uma das que tem grande potencial para aproveitar as características de coordenação de processos que o Workflow proporciona. Este trabalho buscou fornecer ao AdaptWeb - um ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem adaptativo para a Web desenvolvido na plataforma PHP/MySQL - a possibilidade de agregar um novo modo de funcionamento, baseado na tecnologia de Workflow. Para tanto, foi realizado o projeto de um Sistema de Gerenciamento deWorkflow completo, apropriado para ser utilizado por aplicações no ambiente PHP/MySQL, seguindo as recomendações da WfMC, entidade que estabelece os padrões para a área de Workflow. O trabalho também mostra como a execução de um curso à distância por um aluno no AdaptWeb pode ser mapeada para um processo de Workflow e como pode ser feita a descrição deste processo nos padrões da WfMC. Por fim, é apresentada uma proposta de extensão ao ambiente AdaptWeb para suportar um novo modo de interação, o modo dirigido, baseado no uso do Workflow, bem como idéias para estender o ambiente de autoria e de execução do curso para aproveitar novas perspectivas que o Workflow apresenta. / Workflow technology is not new and many administrative and document management applications have been taking benefits from it for more than one decade. Currently, however, usage of workflow is getting wider, since new kinds of applications start adopting the technology. Distance learning is one of those areas that have great potential for getting advantages from process coordination characteristics provided by workflow management systems. This work intended to providing a new interaction mode, based on workflow technology, to the AdaptWeb system - an adaptive web-based learning environment developed on PHP/MySQL platform. With this purpose, a Workflow Management System was designed to be used by applications running on PHP/MySQL environments, following WfMC's recommendations. WfMC is the main organization that establishes workflow standards and references. This work also shows how the execution of a distance learning course by an student in AdaptWeb can be mapped into a workflow process and how the description of such a process can be built using WfMC standards. Finally, some extensions to the AdaptWeb environment are proposed to support a new interaction mode based on workflow, as well as suggestions are discussed to extend the course authoring and execution environments to take benefits from the new perspective provided by the workflow approach.

Nowadays, with the rapid development of Information technology, workflow management technology has undoubtedly become the basic component of enterprise information system construction, the research and application level regarding workflow management technology directly determine the level of enterprise information system. By virtue of using workflow management system within enterprises, could advance the operating efficiency of business processes and enhance enterprise competition ability. This paper describes the origin and status of workflow management, analyses on the base of the workflow reference model of Workflow Management Coalition; discusses the overall requirements of workflow management system, especially for large-scale enterprises, which includes workflow engines, process design tools, administration and monitoring tools, and client tools thesis four essential components; as well as studies on the workflow modeling techniques and adopts the method based on UML activity diagram to achieve modeling. Along with proposes a design and realization method concerning how to construct a workflow management structure, which utilizes J2EE lightweight workflow engine to meet changeful business processes and diverse deployment environments.

A tecnologia de Workflow não é nova e muitos de seus benefícios já são largamente aproveitados em aplicações administrativas e de gestão de documentos, há bem mais de uma década. Atualmente, entretanto, tem-se buscado ampliar os horizontes da utilização do Workflow para outras aplicações. A área de educação à distância é uma das que tem grande potencial para aproveitar as características de coordenação de processos que o Workflow proporciona. Este trabalho buscou fornecer ao AdaptWeb - um ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem adaptativo para a Web desenvolvido na plataforma PHP/MySQL - a possibilidade de agregar um novo modo de funcionamento, baseado na tecnologia de Workflow. Para tanto, foi realizado o projeto de um Sistema de Gerenciamento deWorkflow completo, apropriado para ser utilizado por aplicações no ambiente PHP/MySQL, seguindo as recomendações da WfMC, entidade que estabelece os padrões para a área de Workflow. O trabalho também mostra como a execução de um curso à distância por um aluno no AdaptWeb pode ser mapeada para um processo de Workflow e como pode ser feita a descrição deste processo nos padrões da WfMC. Por fim, é apresentada uma proposta de extensão ao ambiente AdaptWeb para suportar um novo modo de interação, o modo dirigido, baseado no uso do Workflow, bem como idéias para estender o ambiente de autoria e de execução do curso para aproveitar novas perspectivas que o Workflow apresenta. / Workflow technology is not new and many administrative and document management applications have been taking benefits from it for more than one decade. Currently, however, usage of workflow is getting wider, since new kinds of applications start adopting the technology. Distance learning is one of those areas that have great potential for getting advantages from process coordination characteristics provided by workflow management systems. This work intended to providing a new interaction mode, based on workflow technology, to the AdaptWeb system - an adaptive web-based learning environment developed on PHP/MySQL platform. With this purpose, a Workflow Management System was designed to be used by applications running on PHP/MySQL environments, following WfMC's recommendations. WfMC is the main organization that establishes workflow standards and references. This work also shows how the execution of a distance learning course by an student in AdaptWeb can be mapped into a workflow process and how the description of such a process can be built using WfMC standards. Finally, some extensions to the AdaptWeb environment are proposed to support a new interaction mode based on workflow, as well as suggestions are discussed to extend the course authoring and execution environments to take benefits from the new perspective provided by the workflow approach.

Data have become number one assets of today's business world. Thus, its exploitation and analysis attracted the attention of people from different fields and having different technical backgrounds. Data-intensive flows are central processes in today’s business intelligence (BI) systems, deploying different technologies to deliver data, from a multitude of data sources, in user-preferred and analysis-ready formats. However, designing and optimizing such data flows, to satisfy both users' information needs and agreed quality standards, have been known as a burdensome task, typically left to the manual efforts of a BI system designer. These tasks have become even more challenging for next generation BI systems, where data flows typically need to combine data from in-house transactional storages, and data coming from external sources, in a variety of formats (e.g. social media, governmental data, news feeds). Moreover, for making an impact to business outcomes, data flows are expected to answer unanticipated analytical needs of a broader set of business users' and deliver valuable information in near real-time (i.e. at the right time). These challenges largely indicate a need for boosting the automation of the design and optimization of data-intensive flows. This PhD thesis aims at providing automatable means for managing the lifecycle of data-intensive flows. The study primarily analyzes the remaining challenges to be solved in the field of data-intensive flows, by performing a survey of current literature, and envisioning an architecture for managing the lifecycle of data-intensive flows. Following the proposed architecture, we further focus on providing automatic techniques for covering different phases of the data-intensive flows' lifecycle. In particular, the thesis first proposes an approach (CoAl) for incremental design of data-intensive flows, by means of multi-flow consolidation. CoAl not only facilitates the maintenance of data flow designs in front of changing information needs, but also supports the multi-flow optimization of data-intensive flows, by maximizing their reuse. Next, in the data warehousing (DW) context, we propose a complementary method (ORE) for incremental design of the target DW schema, along with systematically tracing the evolution metadata, which can further facilitate the design of back-end data-intensive flows (i.e. ETL processes). The thesis then studies the problem of implementing data-intensive flows into deployable formats of different execution engines, and proposes the BabbleFlow system for translating logical data-intensive flows into executable formats, spanning single or multiple execution engines. Lastly, the thesis focuses on managing the execution of data-intensive flows on distributed data processing platforms, and to this end, proposes an algorithm (H-WorD) for supporting the scheduling of data-intensive flows by workload-driven redistribution of data in computing clusters. The overall outcome of this thesis an end-to-end platform for managing the lifecycle of data-intensive flows, called Quarry. The techniques proposed in this thesis, plugged to the Quarry platform, largely facilitate the manual efforts, and assist users of different technical skills in their analytical tasks. Finally, the results of this thesis largely contribute to the field of data-intensive flows in today's BI systems, and advocate for further attention by both academia and industry to the problems of design and optimization of data-intensive flows. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished