M.Sc. / Role-based access control (RBAC) associates roles with privileges and users with roles. These associations are, however, static in that changes are infrequent and explicit. In certain instances this does not reflect business requirements. Access to an object should be based not only on the identity of the object and the user, but also on the actual task that must be performed. Context-sensitive access control meets the requirements in that it also considers the actual task, i.e. the context of the work to be done, when deciding whether an access should be granted or not. Workflow technology provides an appropriate environment for establishing the context of work. This dissertation discusses the implementation of a context-sensitive access control mechanism within a workflow environment. Although the prototype represents scaled-down workflow functionality, it illustrates the concept of context-sensitive access control. Access control was traditionally aimed at physically controlling access to a computer terminal. Large doors were put in place and time was divided between users who needed to work on a terminal. Today, however, physical means of restraining access have to a large extent given way to logical controls. Current access control mechanisms frequently burden the end-users with unnecessary security-related tasks. A user may, for example, be expected to assume a specific role at the beginning of a session, resulting in unnecessary multi-logons. Alternatively, users can automatically play the most senior role that they can hold and consequently receive the permissions associated with that role. The user is therefore trusted to implement the security policy and not misuse granted privileges. It is also possible for an end-user to bypass security functionality inadvertently- end-users do not always remember to do the correct thing. End-users are furthermore not necessarily adequately educated in security principles and may thus regard security-related tasks as hampering the tasks that they regard as being more important.

Due to the correspondence between the role abstraction in Role-based Access Control (RBAC) and the notion of organizational positions, it seems easy to construct role hierarchies. This is, however, a misconception. This paper argues that, in order to reflect the functional requirements, a role hierarchy becomes very complex. In a bid to simplify the design of role hierarchies suitable for the expression of access control requirements in workflow systems, the paper proposes a “typed” role hierarchy. In a “typed” role hierarchy a role is of a speci fic type. The associations between different types of roles are limited by rules that govern the construction of a role hierarchy. This paper proposes a methodology to systematically construct a “typed” role hierarchy. Since the “typed” nature of the role hierarchy is only relevant during the construction of the role hierarchy, it can seamlessly be integrated into existing RBAC schemes that support the concept of role hierarchies. / Eloff, J.H.P., Prof.

Práce pojednává o Procesním Intervalového řízení, které je novým přístupem k řízení společnosti dle procesů obohaceným navíc o další, zcela nové nástroje řízení, jako jsou například optimalizační audit workflow či Intervalové řízení umožňující společnosti nejen reakci na vnější i vnitřní změny v jejím okolí, ale i zrychlení této reakce a tedy získání potřebné konkurenční výhody. Metodika zavedení Procesního Intervalového řízení je zcela odlišná od metodiky, kterou používá většina poradenských firem a v tom je její přidaná hodnota, neboť funguje i v případech, kdy klasické přístupy selhávají.

Frustrated by having to maintain an A-Z databases list separately on our library website and in Alma/Primo, East Tennessee State University embarked on a goal to eliminate redundancy by using Alma as our primary source of metadata for eResources. This presentation will cover our entire workflow and the issues we encountered along the way. I'll first go over our process in Alma including MARC record creation, electronic collection setup, and the top level collection module. Next, I'll cover our workflow in Primo including normalization rules, scoping, and PNX display. The last section will cover the Alma API's and how they were used to sync our LibGuides A-Z list.

Der Einsatz von Workflow-Management-Systemen zur Ausführung von Geschäftsprozessen nimmt vor allem durch die Verbreitung des E-Commerce immer mehr zu. Gerade der elektronische Handel ist durch die Kooperation zwischen verschiedenen Unternehmen (Business2Business-E-Commerce) bzw. zwischen Unternehmen und Kunden (Business2Consumer-E-Commerce) geprägt. Workflow-Systeme müssen deshalb kooperative Prozesse zwischen unterschiedlichen Unternehmen unterstützen. Eine weitere Anforderung ist, dass sie unerwartete Fehler und Ausnahmen während der Workflow-Ausführung behandeln können. In diesem Artikel werden zuerst Kooperationsformen für Workflows und Anforderungen an Workflow-Systeme für die Unterstützung kooperierender Workflows erarbeitet. Anschließend werden verschiedene Forschungsansätze verglichen, um einen Überblick über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Forschung und Entwicklung auf dem Gebiet kooperierenderWorkflow-Management-Systeme zu erhalten.

One goal in modern medicine is to increase the treatment quality. A major step towards this aim is to support the execution of standardized, guideline-based clinical protocols, which are used in many medical domains, e.g., for oncological chemotherapies. Standardized chemotherapy protocols contain detailed and structured therapy plans describing the single therapy steps (e.g., examinations or drug applications). Therefore, workflow management systems offer good support for these processes. However, the treatment of a particular patient often requires modifications due to unexpected infections, toxicities, or social factors. The modifications are described in the treatment protocol but not as part of the standard process. To be able to further execute the therapy workflows in case of exceptions running workflows have to be adapted dynamically. Furthermore, the physician should be supported by automated exception detection and decision support for derivation of necessary modifications. The AdaptFlow prototype offers the required support for the field of oncological chemotherapies by enhancing a workflow system with dynamic workflow adaptation and rule based decision support for exception detection and handling.

This study aims to research variation at a startup company and to understand what methods are necessary to root out and eliminate quality issues. The study is conducted at Biotech AB which is a producer of Bio-instruments as well as bio-ingredients that are produced on site for customers. The company has been concerned with the amount of variation in internal quality coming from the production and the purpose of this study is to find what is causing the variations and what preventative actions need to be taken. This study has been a mix between a quantitative and a qualitative study with its base being around the records of errors given through quality logs. Several interviews were made as well as observations in working procedures and working instructions. The results showed that five major issues were causing the most concern and unnecessary cycles in production, namely featured parts and human error also cause these variations. The interviews indicated that processes need to be managed better and faster due to the rapid pace of the company growth. They also indicate that the communication doesn't always work and needs to flow freely in both directions. The level of waste is quite high in forms of physical waste and time wasted due to cycles in production. Lean thinking needs to be implemented and 5s needs to be made aware of to give everyone a quality and waste-free working ethic from the ground up. Many of these issues could be solved by implementing a quality perspective by giving constant feedback according to TQM.

Mixing audio is not only an aural activity, but also, becoming increasingly more visual, and connections between the engineer’s action and interface are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to investigate how different amounts and types of data displayed in parametric equalizers impact mix decisions and workflow. A usability test with audio engineer students were conducted. The test consisted of three different interfaces with variable information displayed and subjects were to perform six common equalization tasks. Two categories of stimuli were used, surgical and aesthetic. The parameters that were measured was effectiveness, efficiency, workflow, and preference. A post session questionnaire was also conducted. Each interface and category were compared and a t-test for each comparison were conducted. Task completion and time for task completion were determined and calculated. Eight t-tests were also conducted between interfaces. Parameters adjusted, order of adjustment, and most used parameter were determined. Preference ratings were categorized and analyzed. The results show that the EQ with graphic display performed better for the surgical category. Significant differences were also found for the surgical category between interfaces with most dissimilarities. The workflow tended to alternate between interface designs. The preference rating showed a clear preference for the interface with graphic display.

In dieser Arbeit wird ein BIM-konformer Workflow zur Konzeptionierung von TGA-Systemen vorgestellt. Das Ziel ist es, den Studierenden der HTWK Leipzig ein Hilfsmittel und Nachschlagewerk bereitzustellen, das insbesondere für die Anwendung im Mastermodul „Digitalisierung im Bauwesen – BIM“ herangezogen wird. Die Erstellung erfolgte exemplarisch anhand eines Einfamilienhauses unter Verwendung der Softwareanwendungen Autodesk Revit, SolarComputer und auxalia CADstudio MEPprojectBox.:1 Einleitung 1.1 Zielstellung 1.2 Arbeitsaufteilung 2 Theoretische Grundlagen 2.1 Übersicht des BIM-konformen Workflows 2.2 Grundlagen für den erarbeiteten Inhalt 2.3 Grundlagen der betrachteten Software 3 BIM-konformer Workflow 3.1 Software 3.2 Struktur des Workflows 3.2.1 Allgemein 3.2.2 Vorbereitende Koordination 3.2.3 Planung der Heizungstechnik 3.2.4 Planung der Lüftungstechnik 3.2.5 Planung der Sanitärtechnik 3.2.6 Allgemeine Koordination 4 Analyse 4.1 Konzeptionierung des Workflows 4.2 Ausblick 5 Zusammenfassung Literaturverzeichnis Anhang

As a non-robotic minimally invasive surgery, endoscopic surgery is one of the widely used surgeries for the medical domain to reduce the risk of infection, incisions, and the discomfort of the patient. The endoscopic surgery procedure, also named surgical workflow in this work, can be divided into different sub-phases. During the procedure, the surgeon inserts a thin, flexible tube with a video camera through a small incision or a natural orifice like the mouth or nostrils. The surgeon can utilize tiny surgical instruments while viewing organs on the computer monitor through these tubes. The surgery only allows a limited number of instruments simultaneously appearing in the body, requiring a sufficient instrument preparation method. Therefore, surgical workflow anticipation, including surgical instrument and phase anticipation, is essential for an intra-operative decision-support system. It deciphers the surgeon's behaviors and the patient's status to forecast surgical instrument and phase occurrence before they appear, supporting instrument preparation and computer-assisted intervention (CAI) systems. In this work, we investigate an unexplored surgical workflow anticipation problem by proposing an Instrument Interaction Aware Anticipation Network (IIA-Net). Spatially, it utilizes rich visual features about the context information around the instrument, i.e., instrument interaction with their surroundings. Temporally, it allows for a large receptive field to capture the long-term dependency in the long and untrimmed surgical videos through a causal dilated multi-stage temporal convolutional network. Our model enforces an online inference with reliable predictions even with severe noise and artifacts in the recorded videos. Extensive experiments on Cholec80 dataset demonstrate the performance of our proposed method exceeds the state-of-the-art method by a large margin (1.40 v.s. 1.75 for inMAE and 2.14 v.s. 2.68 for eMAE).