O principal assunto que norteia esta pesquisa é a produção escrita dos alunos oriundos de comunidades rurais que concluíram o segundo grau no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco, campus Barreiros. Pode-se ver que a coletividade se apropria de um mundo concebido por ela mesma e suas ações serão definidas, tendo como base a consciência de todo um sistema linguístico que essa coletividade passa a fazer uso no seu dia a dia. Toda a cadeia de sons articulados, bem como uma rede de marcas escritas, que se pode conceituar de linguagem estará sempre fazendo parte do cotidiano de determinado grupo, que será por isto identificado, respeitado ou relegado por seus pares. Tendo como foco uma comunidade específica de assentados e levando em consideração o uso que fazem da língua escrita diante da necessidade desse uso em sua ou em outras comunidades, registramos algumas experiências com a produção de texto escrito que nos levam a reflexões sobre a modalidade que não admite formas linguísticas diferentes da norma padrão. Baseado nas observações dos aspectos formais da língua escrita, também nas variações apresentadas por esse grupo específico, o presente estudo teve como primordial objetivo estudar a escrita de um grupo que deu continuidade à educação escolar longe de suas comunidades de origem. Dessa forma, o que também não poderíamos desprezar nesta pesquisa era o processo de aquisição da escrita desses alunos, mesmo não sendo nosso foco principal, além do uso dessa escrita em sua ou em outras comunidades que no futuro hão de participar. Finalmente, este trabalho busca lançar um olhar sobre uma escrita que julgamos diferente, seja por puro preconceito, ou desconhecimento mesmo de uma realidade distinta da que estamos acostumados, mas que na realidade em pouco difere daquela que temos vivência diária. / The main issue that guides this research is the written production of students from rural communities who have completed second grade at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pernambuco, Barreiros campus. We can see that the community takes ownership of a world designed by herself and her actions will be defined based on the consciousness of an entire linguistic system that this community is to make use in their day to day. The entire chain of articulate sounds, as well as a network of marks written, we can conceptualize language will always be part of everyday life of a particular group, for it to be identified, respected by their peers or relegated. Focusing on a specific community of settlers and taking into account their use of written language on the need for this use in his or in other communities, we recorded some experiments with the production of written text that lead to reflections on the sport that does not admits different linguistic forms of the standard pattern. Based on the observations of the formal aspects of written language, also in the variations presented by this particular group, this study had the primary objective of studying the writing of a group who continued the school education away from their home communities. Thus, what we could not ignore this research was the acquisition process of writing these students, although not our primary focus, besides the use of writing in his or in other communities that will participate in the future. Finally, this paper seeks to cast a glance at a script that we think differently, be it pure prejudice, ignorance or even a distinct reality of which we are accustomed, but which in reality is little different from what we experience daily.

This study investigates the effectiveness of dynamic written corrective feedback (DWCF) for intermediate learners of Korean as a foreign language (KFL) compared to traditional types of written corrective feedback. DWCF is an innovative method of providing written corrective feedback on students' writing that has primarily been used in English as a second language (ESL) settings. It aims to improve learners' linguistic accuracy and requires multilayered interaction between teachers and students. Although DWCF has been effectively used to increase linguistic accuracy in various ESL settings, it has not yet been widely applied to other language learning settings. This study demonstrates the extent to which DWCF increases the linguistic accuracy of intermediate KFL learners and determines DWCF's impact on fluency and complexity. The treatment group (n = 9) was managed with DWCF and the control group (n = 10) wrote six essays over a 12-week period. The pre- and post-test results were analyzed to determine differences in linguistic accuracy, fluency, and complexity between the two groups. A mixed-model repeated measures ANOVA revealed that the treatment group's accuracy significantly increased compared to the control group, whereas there was no significant difference in fluency or complexity for either group. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed in the conclusion.

Thesis (M.A. (English Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2020 / This study explored the perceptions of students and lecturers with regard to written and oral corrective feedback in a first-level English course at the University of Limpopo. Specifically, the study was designed to establish the views of first entering students and lecturers around oral and written feedback. This study responds to widely-held views that students do not pay much attention to feedback, that even if feedback is provided, some do not know how use feedback systematically to improve their works, and that some lecturers are not investing sufficiently on provision of detailed, usable feedback. This study made use of classroom observations, questionnaires and focus group interviews to establish from students’ perceptions about oral and written corrective feedback in their studies and overall attainment of study goals. Furthermore, lecturers were also invited to participate in interviews to ascertain their perception on whether they consider written feedback essential and how it improves the students’ written English grammar. The study uncovered among others that students view oral and written corrective feedback as a tool that improves their grammar in English challenging long standing views that students are mostly interested in marks obtained in assessments. Data emerging from this study further suggests that participants view oral and written feedback as a device that helps students to improve in their usage of grammar and highlight the need to provide detailed, timely and constructive feedback in student’s academic work.

Grammatical accuracy in second language (L2) writing is one of the key issues that English as a Second Language (ESL) learners struggle with, both in intensive English language programs and continuing after their university matriculation. Numerous instructional methodologies exist that center around the concept of error correction—how can or should ESL instructors correct grammatical errors in L2 students' writing to best facilitate improvements in written linguistic accuracy? Error correction in L2 writing has been a controversial issue for over a decade (e.g., Ferris, 1999; Truscott, 1996), and in an effort to contribute to an understanding of this controversial topic, this study investigated an innovative method of error correction known as dynamic written corrective feedback (WCF). For 15 weeks, 24 students at the Brigham Young University (BYU) English Language Center (ELC) received a form of dynamic WCF dramatically modified from Hartshorn's (2008) original method with the objective of increased practicality. These students produced a 30-minute pretest and posttest essay, and researchers calculated the complexity, accuracy, and fluency of each pretest and posttest. Data from the current study is compared against data from Hartshorn (2008), which found dynamic WCF to be successful in improving accuracy after carrying out similar research. The results validate previous findings and confirm that dynamic WCF is an effective approach to error correction, even when dramatically modified.

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published_or_final_version / abstract / Social Work and Social Administration / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

This report seeks to examine the literature related to written corrective feedback in second/foreign language classrooms in order to inform the most effective pedagogical practices related to this topic. I begin with an article by Truscott which would set the tone for the academic debate on whether or not to provide written corrective feedback in L2 classrooms. In his 1996 article Truscott claims that written corrective feedback a) is not helpful, b) is harmful, and c) should be eliminated entirely. Chapter 1 covers this debate, referred to as the Truscott Debate, reviewing the many articles that directly answer the challenge laid down by Truscott (1996). Following a review of this academic debate, I examine the literature that investigates the specific providers of feedback (teachers or peer feedback), the types of feedback (direct or indirect) and the degree of focus related to those feedback options. Chapter 4 reviews other factors that can also affect the efficacy of written corrective feedback, such as student motivation, learner levels, and oral feedback in conjunction with written feedback and online feedback. Chapter 5 puts forth particular circumstances in which each type of feedback can be efficacious, offering a guide for the provision of feedback in a variety of circumstances. / text

From the point of departure of a literacy perspective the aim of this study is to, examine how preschool teachers form and stage a learning environment that facilitates the language development of preschool children. The focus of our study is to explore how preschool teachers stress the importance of the learning environment when it comes to furthering language development and to examine the literacy events staged by preschool teachers. Our study is based on qualitative interviews with four preschool teachers working in different areas of Stockholm. One of the preschools participate in a language project. The other preschools are without alignment. We have also carried out observations in preschool environments, in order to examine the possibilities for preschool children to develop their language skills. To analyse our results we have used a literacy perspective where literacyevent is a central concept. The result of our study demonstrates that preschool teachers create possibilities for preschool children to become familiar with language in many different ways. Specifically prominent is bookreading, narrative, signs and symbols. The preschool which took part in a language projekt differed from the other as this preschool worked more consciously with books and narrative to support childrens literacy competense. The environment of this preschool also stands out from the other preschools whereby the promotion of language can be observed in all parts of the environment. It was shown both in the placement of the books and in how the preschool teachers talked about the importance of the books. The result of our study shows that all preschool teachers are very conscious of how childrens language can be promoted. However, the results also brings to light that not all teachers are as conscious of this when it comes to how to promote writing in the youngest children in the preschool. The results of our interviews reveal that preschool teachers consciously work in many different ways to promote language development for preschoolers from a literacy perspective. They are, however, not aware of the term literacy in relation to written language.

The problem of this study was to compare the written language development of two groups of disadvantaged children at the end of their fourth year of school.

The problem of this study was to investigate the philosophical assumptions underlying the holistic paradigm. These underlying philosophical assumptions include beliefs about the nature of being (ontology), goals (axiology), and knowledge (epistemology). The interdependence of these assumptions, as well as how they translate into different research processes, is noted in this study.