The diploma thesis is focused on the development of natural science literacy of pre-school age children and pupils of younger school age. The aim of this thesis is didactic processing of materials which will enable teachers/lecturers/parents to develop natural science literacy of children, without themselves having to have education in chemistry for correct understanding of the experiment, and thanks to which, at the same time, they could pass on the correct information to children in such way that prevents from the occurrence of natural science misconceptions to a maximum possible extent. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to child ontogenesis in pre-school and early school age, which is subsequently reflected in the creation of materials for development of natural science literacy of this target age category of children. The theoretical work includes also the characterisation of the term natural science literacy as a possible tool for increasing interest in the study of natural sciences. It states the expected positives, but also possible negatives, especially in the form of resulting misconceptions which can be associated to the introduction of natural science education for younger children. In the subsequent part, an analysis of syllabus of natural science-focused subjects at...

The graduation thesis is focused on the evaluation in motoric skills of sports gymnasts (n=18) aged between 7 to 10 years. The whole study took place in České Budějovice in the Merkur center with the support of a gymnastic team. For this experiment was used the methody called "MABC-2 formula" (Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd edition). The MABC-2 test is a standardized test that verifies a level of the motor function while indicating motor difficulties and difficulty in coordination. It consists of eight test items that are divided into three components. Individual components focus on testing fine motor skills (manual skill), gross motor skills (aiming and catching) and balance. After performing the MABC-2 test and obtaining gross scores for each item, we created tables and graphs of component and total test scores (TTS). We compared the results to the standardization norms this test battery and with other researches in this field that deal with motor testing using the MABC-2 test battery. At the basis of this comparison, we evaluated the level of motor skills in the tested group of gymnasts. This thesis confirmed that gymnasts achieved in all components above-average results. For evaluation of the gymnasts balance skills the MABC-2 wasn´t sensitive enought.

The thesis deals with the perception of different leisure time opportunities for younger school children in the city and in the village. The theoretical part describes leisure time,its functions, various definitions and different concepts of free time. Specifies younger school age and leisure time for children and youth. She also devotes herself to school and extracurricular leisure facilities.The practical part contains a survey using questionnaires that were distributed to the children of the junior school in the town and the village. The questionnaires concerned how children spend their free time, but above all how they perceive their leisure time. The conclusion of the practical part includes the evaluation of the questionnaire survey and evaluation of the research assumptions.

The diploma thesis deals with the art studies of reality at primary school. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part has three chapters in total. The first one is focused on the definition of the reality study and its development from prehistoric times to contemporary art. In the second, the focus is on the historical and contemporary concepts of art education. The last section is devoted to the ontogenetic pupils' development of younger and middle school age. Although reality study is found in the curriculum, there is considerable reserve in its application in art education. In the empirical part, we find out what teachers respond to the study of reality as a concept, and whether they are aware of when this issue is introduced into art lessons, or if they reveal some progress in pupil's speech. Through the research method, an interview was selected, which is a qualitative research.

This thesis focuses on drawing expression levels compared two groups of children younger school age, with the first group is an elementary school education at the school and the other practical. The theoretical part provides general information on the development of younger school age. It focuses on the development of drawing display in connection with the development of intellectual assumptions. The practical section provides the results of research of children's drawings which are assessed in relation to the developmental level of children.

The work deals with ethical education, which can be used in different areas of child's life through the program of Philosophy for Children. The theoretical part characterizes the child in a period of younger school age, describes his cognitive and moral development including important psychological aspects. Psychological knowledge becomes an important starting point for the practical part of the work. Education in different areas of child's life carries specific features of the environment. Educational subjects, such as family, school, leisure time, can participate in the upbringing of moral behavior. The development of children's moral reasoning can be supported by the knowledge of different ethical systems. Ways to work in Philosophy for Children can become a means of ethical education. The role of teachers, parents and leisure teachers has an important place in this educational process, especially in the implementation of ethical dialogues. The practical part offers three philosophical stories, with the main ideas and plans for discussion. The stories serve as an inspiration for cultivating the morals of children in different environments of their lives.

The thesis is focused on development of creativity in younger school-age children within the scope of leisure time education. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part describes various terms relating to creativity, various views of creativity, creativity barriers and their overcoming, and the relationship between a family and a creative child. The practical part of the thesis is focused on elaboration and implementation of a project creating the syllabi of sample lessons for younger school-age children. Following the idea of a multi-stage structure of work with children in consecutive cycles, the project is implemented in five consecutive steps allowing utilization of all opportunities offered by the particular facility and gradation of the emphasis on advancement in creative activities of children.

This thesis deals with the preparation of children for the first Holy Communion and their introduction into active and conscious celebration of Holy Mass. The theoretical part describes specifics of Christian education, typical features of younger school age?s children and nature of religious education and catechesis. Further more it describes the basic definition of the liturgy, the ways or possibilities of a true celebration of liturgical celebrations. The practical part is made up of two areas. The first section is based on the theoretical part and its basis characterizes the basic criteria which the preparation for first Holy Communion should respect. The second section contains a brief characterization of twelve books and series about the preparation for the first Holy Communion. These materials are reflected from three aspects ? if they are intended for teaching religion or catechesis, whether they count in cooperation with the family and possibly with the parish, or if they ultimately prepare children for their active and conscious participation in Holly Mass. The review is not aimed only to criticise, but rather wants to emphasize the potential benefits of a particular material and thus its importance in the systematic introducing of children into the celebration of the liturgy, from which it is possible to gain the true joy and hope.

This thesis is devoted to the search of the level of physical abilities of today's younger school-age children in comparison with the results of the 'Children's fitness badge' competition. Data comes from two smaller schools of the Central Bohemian region - Kounice Elementary School, year 1989 and from elementary school Sedlčany, year 2015. The thesis also discusses the differences between results in physically active and inactive pupils, between boys and girls, as well as the ability of today's students to meet the elementary level of the 'Children's fitness badge' points table. I studied these disciplines - the long jump, the 50 meters sprint and the cricket ball throw for my testing. Data were analyzed by using the statistical program SPSS. Key words Athletics, 'Children's fitness badge', younger school-age, long jump, 50 meters sprint, cricket ball throw.

This thesis deals with the concept of teaching for students teaching in primary schools. Students who begin studying and are influenced by subjective experiences from the days when they were themselves pupils in primary school. Objective of this research is the context characterized by the testimony of students. Determine whether they have a tendency to imitating patterns from elementary school, or avoid mistakes that they saw in them. The theoretical part is intertwined with the research. Testimonies of students are supplemented by findings from the literature. One section is devoted to defining the long-term memory and one part belongs to two terms. Stress and evaluation, they often repeat, thus have increased influence on memories. Thesis also describes how the student teacher is ready for the beginning of his career and with it related requirements, which must be fulfilled for graduation. In the second part, the focus shifts to the teaching styles of teachers and recommendation, which the teacher should follow. Research together with the support of the literature shows that teacher has a great influence on pupils.