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1	Designing a VR user experience test regarding the Vergence-Accommodation Conflict : An investigation surrounding the relations to Depth Perception Estemyr, Emil, Ekhagen, Alexander January 2023 (has links) This bachelor project investigates how to design a virtual reality (VR) user experience test to analyze the effect that the vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) has on a users ability to judge focus. Furthermore, we want to investigate how the amount of depth cues can affect a user's perception of this conflict in VR. A user experience test has been designed through an iterative process where the prototype has gone through smaller user tests between each iteration. We validate the design through testing a larger number of participants, where we gather subjective data through the use of the “Think Aloud Method” as well as data based on the user's interactions within the test environment. Analyzed results show that the absence of depth cues makes it significantly harder for users to judge depth and focus, and that the presence of an additional reference-object in many cases is enough to assist users with this issue. Furthermore, we notice better user performance at closer distances. The aim of this investigation is to provide more information surrounding the perception of VAC, as it is one of the few issues within the VR industry that prevents us from experiencing depth in virtual worlds in a more realistic way. / Detta kandidatarbete undersöker hur man kan designa ett test i virtuell verklighet (VR) kring användarens upplevelse för att analysera effekten som "Vergence-Accommodation Conflict” (VAC) har på användarens förmåga att bedöma fokus. Vidare vill vi också ta reda på hur mängden ledtrådar för djupseende kan påverka användarens upplevelse av denna konflikt i VR. Ett test för användarens upplevelse har designats genom en iterativ process där prototypen genomgått mindre tester mellan iterationerna. Designen valideras genom ett större användartest där vi samlar subjektiv data genom användning av “Think Aloud Method” samt data baserat på användarens interaktion i testmiljön. Analyserad data visar att frånvaron av ledtrådar för djup har en betydande påverkan på användarens förmåga att bedöma djup och fokus, samt att närvaron av ytterligare ett referensobjekt i många fall är tillräckligt för att hjälpa användaren med detta problem. Vidare har vi kunnat se en bättre prestationsförmåga hos användarna på närmare distanser. Syftet med denna undersökning är att tillföra mer information kring upplevelsen av VAC, då det är ett av de få problem inom VR-industrin som hindrar oss från att uppleva djup i virtuella världar på ett mer realistiskt sätt. Virtual Reality Vergence-Accommodation Conflict Depth Cues User test Zone of Comfort Virtuell verklighet Vergence-Accommodation Conflict Ledtrådar för djup (Depth Cues) Användartester Zone of Comfort Human Computer Interaction
2	Placement of Controls in Construction Equipment Using Operators´Sitting Postures : Process and Recommendations Jalkebo, Charlotte January 2014 (has links) An ergonomically designed work environment may decrease work related musculoskeletal disorders, lead to less sick leaves and increase production time for operators and companies all around the world. Volvo Construction Equipment wants to deepen the knowledge and investigate more carefully how operators are actually sitting whilst operating the machines, how this affects placement of controls and furthermore optimize controls placements accordingly. The purpose is to enhance their product development process by suggesting guidelines for control placement with improved ergonomics based on operators’ sitting postures. The goal is to deliver a process which identifies and transfers sitting postures to RAMSIS and uses them for control placement recommendations in the cab and operator environments. Delimitations concerns: physical ergonomics, 80% usability of the resulted process on the machine types, and the level of detail for controls and their placements. Research, analysis, interviews, test driving of machines, video recordings of operators and the ergonomic software RAMSIS has served as base for analysis. The analysis led to (i) the conclusion that sitting postures affect optimal ergonomic placement of controls, though not ISO-standards, (ii) the conclusion that RAMSIS heavy truck postures does not seem to correspond to Volvo CE’s operators’ sitting postures and (iii) and to an advanced engineering project process suitable for all machine types and applicable in the product development process. The result can also be used for other machines than construction equipment. The resulted process consists of three independent sub-processes with step by step explanations and recommendations of; (i) what information that needs to be gathered, (ii) how to identify and transfer sitting postures into RAMSIS, (iii) how to use RAMSIS to create e design aid for recommended control placement. The thesis also contains additional enhancements to Volvo CE’s product development process with focus on ergonomics. A conclusion is that the use of motion capture could not be verified to work for Volvo Construction Equipment, though it was verified that if motion capture works, the process works. Another conclusion is that the suggested body landmarks not could be verified that they are all needed for this purpose except for those needed for control placement. Though they are based on previous sitting posture identification in vehicles and only those that also occur in RAMSIS are recommended, and therefore they can be used. This thesis also questions the most important parameters for interior vehicle design (hip- and eye locations) and suggests that shoulder locations are just as important. The thesis concluded five parameters for control categorization, and added seven categories in addition to those mentioned in the ISO-standards. Other contradictions and loopholes in the ISO-standards were identified, highlighted and discussed. Suggestions for improving the ergonomic analyses in RAMSIS can also be found in this report. More future research mentioned is more details on control placement as well as research regarding sitting postures are suggested. If the resulted process is delimited to concern upper body postures, other methods for posture identification may be used. Motion capture controls placement posture identification construction equipment operator environment volvo ce depth sensor inertial optical zone of reach zone of comfort H-point SIP Seat index point product development ergonomics Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Human Machine Interaction HMI WRMD Anthropometry Catia RAMSIS GEometric Kinematic backhoe loader wheel loader articulated hauler excavator Faro-Arm CMM Skeleton points skin points sitting posture operating posture categorization V model visual fields percentile road condition skill level sight point Abrasion speed visibility FOV field of view primary secondary tertiary ZoC ZoR mid-eye Design aid safety heavy truck

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Designing a VR user experience test regarding the Vergence-Accommodation Conflict : An investigation surrounding the relations to Depth Perception

Placement of Controls in Construction Equipment Using Operators´Sitting Postures : Process and Recommendations