Aspekte zur klinischen Anwendung der Infrarot-Thermographie in der Zoo- und Wildtiermedizin. Die Infrarot-Thermographie ist eine nichtinvasive Methode. Mit einer Infrarot-Kamera wird eine Messung der Körperoberflächen-Temperatur aus der Distanz durchgeführt und das Thermoprofil des Tieres als Thermogramm dargestellt. Es bedarf keines direkten Tierkontaktes und keiner Immobilisation. Viele Fallbeispiele belegen, dass die Infrarot-Thermographie eine erfolgversprechende neue Methode in der Zoo- und Wildtiermedizin ist. Schwerpunkte der Arbeit waren: - Erforschung artspezifischer Thermoregulation, besonders im Hinblick auf Tierhaltung und krankheitsauslösende Faktprem bei Zoo- und Wildtieren, - Reproduktionsforschung mittels Infrarot-Thermographie und - Entzündungsdiagnostik mittels Infrarot-Thermographie. Die meisten hier vorgestellten Ergebnisse sind Erstuntersuchungen weltweit. / Aspects of the clinical application of Infrared-Thermography in Zoo- and Wildlife Medicine Infrared-thermography is a non-invasive method. With an infrared-camera, the body surface temperature of an animal is measured from a distance and the thermoprofile of this animal is then displayed as a therogram. No direct animal contact or immobilization is necessary. Many case reports show that infrared-thermography is a promising new method in zoo and wildlife medicine. In this thesis threee topics are emphasized: - research in species-specific thermoregulation with regard to animal keeping and disease predisposing factors, - research in reproduction using infrared-thermography, and - inflammation diagnosis using infrared-thermography. Most of the presented results are from primary investigations worldwide.

Birds belonging to the orders Ciconiiformes and Phoenicopteriformes are common inmates of zoological gardens. There are 12 species of the order Ciconiiformes and 1 species of the order Phoenicopteriformes bred in the Ohrada Zoo. All these species bred in the zoo are found in the Old World chiefly. The successful breeding of mentioned species depends on detailed knowledge of their biology and on providing appropriate breeding conditions. This thesis is an effort for complete analysis of the history and the present of breeding mentioned species in the Ohrada Zoo. The main aim of this thesis was to evaluate the success of nesting of birds mentioned orders in relation to breeding conditions in the zoo according to all available data processing; and to evaluate the success of nesting season of the year 2012 according to watching nesting of the birds in mentioned year. The own watching was carried out since 9th April to 30th June 2012. There are 6 species in this zoo which breed successfully regularly: the Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), the Little Egret (Egretta garzetta), the Black-crown Night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), the Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus), the Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) and the Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber roseus). One species ? the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) bred for the very first time in this zoo in 2012. Especially successful is the Greater Flamingo breeding in the Ohrada Zoo. The Eurasian Spoonbill, The Black-crown Night-heron, the Glossy Ibis and the Cattle Egret breeding is successful in relation to breeding conditions in this zoo, too. The nesting season of the year 2012 was exceptionally successful for the Cattle Egrets, the Eurasian Spoonbills and the Glossy Ibises, on the contrary this nesting season was not very successful for the Little Egrets.

abstract: Zoos are a unique collection-based institution with deep roots in the social structure of modern society. From their beginnings as elite menageries to display power or wealth, they have evolved into public institutions committed to providing exemplary animal care, and recreational and educational opportunities for visitors. More recently, zoos have developed a series of significant conservation programs and partnerships around the globe, efforts that have proved vital to saving endangered species such as the Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) and California condor (Gymnogyps californianus), among other species. Intrinsic to the development of modern zoo designs are the interwoven concerns of naturalism and animal welfare. Animal welfare, in particular, has become the paramount responsibility for professionally run zoological institutions as they seek to become centers of conservation and education without compromising animal wellbeing. Animal welfare and naturalism (understood as a design feature in zoo exhibits) are typically harmonious objectives, but these goals have occasionally clashed in implementation. While animal welfare and naturalism are defined in various (and not always consistent) ways in the literature, in-depth interviews of leading professionals and scholars in the zoo community and multi-dimensional case studies of exemplary, accredited institutions (including the Phoenix Zoo, the San Diego Zoo, Woodland Park Zoo and Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum) provide unique insight into the shifting meaning of these terms and how welfare and naturalism have and continue to shape the development of modern zoo enclosures. This study concludes by suggesting a possible future trajectory for innovative and alternative zoo designs that incorporate both animal welfare and naturalism without sacrificing either goal. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Biology 2017

The thesis deals with the design of the architectural study of the Caribbean pavilion in Brno Zoo. The building will be located in the area of Mniší hora on the site of today's greenhouse pavilion from the 1960s which is ending its life expectancy I designed a comprehensive pavilion presenting the tropics ecosystem, fauna and flora from the Caribbean, Central America and Amazon. The building also includes a restaurant, a view point and a sanitary facility. The study also deals with the urban design of the entire section of Caribbean in the Brno Zoo and the design of exterior furniture. The designed solution creates space for animal breeding in harmony with current zoological trends like being as close as possible to their natural environment in which man and animal are equal. It also offers other zoo features such as visitor education, a meeting place, rest and relaxation.

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I århundranden har djurparker använts för att tillfredsställa människors nyfikenhet, men har på senare tid blivit centrum för bevarande, utbildning, forskning samt rekreation. En hel del studier om djurparker har täckt det ekologiska inom hållbarhetsarbetet och väldigt få inom den sociala aspekten som innefattar det etiska hänseendet. Organisationer har idag ett stort inflytande på samhället och påverkar därmed samhällsutvecklingen. I dagens samhälle har konsumenter dessutom blivit alltmer medvetna och engagerade i hållbarhetsfrågan och ställer därmed högre krav på företag när det kommer till deras ansvarstagande gentemot samhället. Denna uppsats syftar till att studera hur Parken Zoo i Eskilstuna arbetar med social hållbarhet samt hur det uppfattas av besökarna. För att kunna uppfylla syftet samt besvara frågeställningarna utgår studien från en flermetodsundersökning som består av semistrukturerade intervjuer med två nyckelpersoner med beslutsomfattande roll, Parken Zoos VD och kommunikatör. Parallellt med detta publicerades en enkätundersökning i utvalda Facebookgrupper för att nå besökarnas uppfattning om sociala hållbarhetsarbetet på parken. De teorier som denna studie kommer att behandla är bland annat hållbar utveckling fokus på sociala aspekten och CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). I resultatavsnittet ger studenterna resultatet en kontext genom att påminna läsaren om hur syftet, frågeställningarna och metod hänger ihop med resultatet som samlats in. / For many centuries, zoos have been used to satisfy human curiosity but have recently become a center for conservation, education, research and recreation. A lot of studies on zoos have covered the ecological in the sustainability work and very few in the social aspect that includes the ethical aspect. Organizations today have a great influence on society and influence the development of society. Today, consumers have also become increasingly aware and engaged in the issue of sustainability and thus place higher demands on companies when it comes to their responsibility towards society. This essay aims to study how Parken Zoo in Eskilstuna works with social sustainability and how it is perceived by their visitors. To fulfill the purpose and answer our questions, the study is based on a mix-method that consists of semi-structured interviews with two important participants with a decision-making role at the park, the CEO and the communicator. In parallel with this, a survey was published in selected Facebook groups to reach the visitors' perception of the social sustainability work at the park. The theories that this study will address include sustainable development focusing on the social aspect and CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). In the results section, the students give the result a context by reminding the reader how the purpose, the question at issue and method are related to the result that has been collected.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Mary C. Kingery-Page / In the last 30 years there has been a shift toward educating people about conservation within zoos. Public learning about conservation of wildlife and habitats is vital if the extinction of wildlife is to be avoided. Zoos offer opportunities to educate visitors about habitat conservation through programs and activities, and the way individual habitats and zoos are being designed. Education about wildlife and habitat conservation is important, and must address scientific, aesthetic, and ecological values to be effective. When educating people about the importance of conservation of species and their habitats in zoos, it is important to create a connection between them and nature. This connection can be achieved by creating a sense of place that allows people to be inspired by nature and understand the importance of preserving it for the future. These connections have the potential to change attitudes towards nature and help people imagine wildlife and humans existing in harmony with each other. This report focuses on the redesign of the tiger and sloth bear exhibits at Sunset Zoo in Manhattan, Kansas, which offer opportunities to create exhibits that focus on animal welfare, offer educational experiences, and evoke a sense of place. In studying the role that zoos have in educating and encouraging wildlife and habitat conservation, and in creating a sense of place for the broader community, a variety of methods have been used including: literature review, precedent studies, and passive observation of zoo users. Using these methods, I determined that a successful educational programming strategy and design should include: having keepers or volunteers available to talk directly to zoo visitors, creating opportunities for visitors to form an emotional and intellectual connection to the animals and their habitats, creating an immersive experience for visitors within a naturalized exhibit, offering enrichment features for animals that encourage activity and natural behaviors that visitors can observe, and including interactive educational components for visitors. These programming elements can contribute to Sunset Zoo implementing successful strategies for education within exhibits.

The present study, in contrast with previous work that has isolated one or two important factors influencing the status of the zoo, considered the three important zoo reference groups--animals, visitors, and staff members--and their interrelationships within the zoo environment. Two approaches were used to investigate the system of interactions within the zoo. First, an in-depth examination of a new set of naturalistic exhibits was performed. Second, a comparison of two of these naturalistic exhibits with two older, sterile exhibits which housed the same species at the same zoo was made. Multiple methods were used in the present study and included behavior mapping of visitors, staff, and animals, timing of visitor stays at exhibits, tracking of visitors through the exhibits, a visitor questionnaire, and interviews with staff members. One major finding was the lack of correspondence among the major groups as to the acceptability of exhibits. For example, one exhibit which was considered beneficial to the enclosed animals and was well utilized and positively evaluated by visitors presented staff members with great difficulties in animal containment and exhibit maintenance. Comparisons of naturalistic enclosures and sterile cement enclosures housing the same species revealed no consistent, clear-cut differences in animal and visitor behavior, however, attitudinal differences were found for staff members and visitors. Visitors and staff members preferred the naturalistic exhibits and perceived them as more beneficial to animals and visitors. These findings were discussed in terms of theoretical and applied issues relevant to zoo design and management and to research in zoos.

Panoramic image Virtual Reality (VR) is a 360 degree image which has been interpreted as a kind of VR that allows users to navigate, view, hear and have remote access to a virtual environment. Panoramic Video VR builds on this, where filming is done in the real world to create a highly dynamic and immersive environment. This is proving to be a very attractive technology and has introduced many possible applications but still present a number of challenges, considered in this research. An initial literature survey identified limitations in panoramic video to date: these were the technology (e.g. filming and stitching) and the design of effective navigation methods. In particular, there is a tendency for users to become disoriented during way-finding. In addition, an effective interface design to embed contextual information is required. The research identified the need to have a controllable test environment in order to evaluate the production of the video and the optimal way of presenting and navigating within the scene. Computer Graphics (CG) simulation scenes were developed to establish a method of capturing, editing and stitching the video under controlled conditions. In addition, a novel navigation method, named the “image channel” was proposed and integrated within this environment. This replaced hotspots: the traditional navigational jumps between locations. Initial user testing indicated that the production was appropriate and did significantly improve user perception of position and orientation over jump-based navigation. The interface design combined with the environment view alone was sufficient for users to understand their location without the need to augment the view with an on screen map. After obtaining optimal methods in building and improving the technology, the research looked for a natural, complex, and dynamic real environment for testing. The web-based virtual zoo (World Association of Zoos and Aquariums) was selected as an ideal production: It had the purpose to allow people to get close to animals in their natural habitat and created particular interest to develop a system for knowledge delivery, raising protection concerns, and entertaining visitors: all key roles of a zoo. The design method established from CG was then used to develop a film rig and production unit for filming a real animal habitat: the Formosan rock monkey in Taiwan. A web-based panoramic video of this was built and tested though user experience testing and expert interviews. The results of this were essentially identical to the testing done in the prototype environment, and validated the production. Also was successfully attracting users to the site repeatedly. The research has contributed to new knowledge in improvement to the production process, improvement to presentation and navigating within panoramic videos through the proposed Image Channel method, and has demonstrated that web-based virtual zoo can be improved to help address considerable pressure on animal extinction and animal habitat degradation that affect humans by using this technology. Further studies were addressed. The research was sponsored by Taiwan’s Government and Twycross Zoo UK was a collaborator.

abstract: Public awareness of nature and environmental issues has grown in the last decades and zoos have successfully followed suit by re-branding themselves as key representatives for conservation. However, considering the fast rate of environmental degradation, in the near future, zoos may become the only place left for wildlife. Some scholars argue that we have entered a new epoch titled the “Anthropocene” that postulates the idea that untouched pristine nature is almost nowhere to be found. Many scientists and scholars argue that it is time that we embraced this environmental situation and anticipated the change. Clearly, the impact of urbanization is reaching into the wild, so how can we design for animals in our artificializing world? Using the Manoa School method that argues that every future includes these four, generic, alternatives: growth, discipline, collapse, and transformation , this dissertation explores possible future animal archetypes by considering multiple possibilities of post zoo design. / Dissertation/Thesis / Historical Zoo timeline / Doctoral Dissertation Design, Environment and the Arts 2019