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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Computing Bounds for Linear Functionals of Exact Weak Solutions to Poisson’s Equation

Sauer-Budge, A.M., Huerta, A., Bonet, J., Peraire, Jaime 01 1900 (has links)
We present a method for Poisson’s equation that computes guaranteed upper and lower bounds for the values of linear functional outputs of the exact weak solution of the infinite dimensional continuum problem using traditional finite element approximations. The guarantee holds uniformly for any level of refinement, not just in the asymptotic limit of refinement. Given a finite element solution and its output adjoint solution, the method can be used to provide a certificate of precision for the output with an asymptotic complexity which is linear in the number of elements in the finite element discretization. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
2

Reduced-Basis Output Bound Methods for Parametrized Partial Differential Equations

Prud'homme, C., Rovas, D.V., Veroy, K., Machiels, L., Maday, Y., Patera, Anthony T., Turinici, G. 01 1900 (has links)
We present a technique for the rapid and reliable prediction of linear-functional outputs of elliptic (and parabolic) partial differential equations with affine parameter dependence. The essential components are (i) (provably) rapidly convergent global reduced-basis approximations -- Galerkin projection onto a space WN spanned by solutions of the governing partial differential equation at N selected points in parameter space; (ii) a posteriori error estimation -- relaxations of the error-residual equation that provide inexpensive yet sharp and rigorous bounds for the error in the outputs of interest; and (iii) off-line/on-line computational procedures -- methods which decouple the generation and projection stages of the approximation process. The operation count for the on-line stage -- in which, given a new parameter value, we calculate the output of interest and associated error bound -- depends only on N (typically very small) and the parametric complexity of the problem; the method is thus ideally suited for the repeated and rapid evaluations required in the context of parameter estimation, design, optimization, and real-time control. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
3

Advanced Time Integration Methods with Applications to Simulation, Inverse Problems, and Uncertainty Quantification

Narayanamurthi, Mahesh 29 January 2020 (has links)
Simulation and optimization of complex physical systems are an integral part of modern science and engineering. The systems of interest in many fields have a multiphysics nature, with complex interactions between physical, chemical and in some cases even biological processes. This dissertation seeks to advance forward and adjoint numerical time integration methodologies for the simulation and optimization of semi-discretized multiphysics partial differential equations (PDEs), and to estimate and control numerical errors via a goal-oriented a posteriori error framework. We extend exponential propagation iterative methods of Runge-Kutta type (EPIRK) by [Tokman, JCP 2011], to build EPIRK-W and EPIRK-K time integration methods that admit approximate Jacobians in the matrix-exponential like operations. EPIRK-W methods extend the W-method theory by [Steihaug and Wofbrandt, Math. Comp. 1979] to preserve their order of accuracy under arbitrary Jacobian approximations. EPIRK-K methods extend the theory of K-methods by [Tranquilli and Sandu, JCP 2014] to EPIRK and use a Krylov-subspace based approximation of Jacobians to gain computational efficiency. New families of partitioned exponential methods for multiphysics problems are developed using the classical order condition theory via particular variants of T-trees and corresponding B-series. The new partitioned methods are found to perform better than traditional unpartitioned exponential methods for some problems in mild-medium stiffness regimes. Subsequently, partitioned stiff exponential Runge-Kutta (PEXPRK) methods -- that extend stiffly accurate exponential Runge-Kutta methods from [Hochbruck and Ostermann, SINUM 2005] to a multiphysics context -- are constructed and analyzed. PEXPRK methods show full convergence under various splittings of a diffusion-reaction system. We address the problem of estimation of numerical errors in a multiphysics discretization by developing a goal-oriented a posteriori error framework. Discrete adjoints of GARK methods are derived from their forward formulation [Sandu and Guenther, SINUM 2015]. Based on these, we build a posteriori estimators for both spatial and temporal discretization errors. We validate the estimators on a number of reaction-diffusion systems and use it to simultaneously refine spatial and temporal grids. / Doctor of Philosophy / The study of modern science and engineering begins with descriptions of a system of mathematical equations (a model). Different models require different techniques to both accurately and effectively solve them on a computer. In this dissertation, we focus on developing novel mathematical solvers for models expressed as a system of equations, where only the initial state and the rate of change of state as a function are known. The solvers we develop can be used to both forecast the behavior of the system and to optimize its characteristics to achieve specific goals. We also build methodologies to estimate and control errors introduced by mathematical solvers in obtaining a solution for models involving multiple interacting physical, chemical, or biological phenomena. Our solvers build on state of the art in the research community by introducing new approximations that exploit the underlying mathematical structure of a model. Where it is necessary, we provide concrete mathematical proofs to validate theoretically the correctness of the approximations we introduce and correlate with follow-up experiments. We also present detailed descriptions of the procedure for implementing each mathematical solver that we develop throughout the dissertation while emphasizing on means to obtain maximal performance from the solver. We demonstrate significant performance improvements on a range of models that serve as running examples, describing chemical reactions among distinct species as they diffuse over a surface medium. Also provided are results and procedures that a curious researcher can use to advance the ideas presented in the dissertation to other types of solvers that we have not considered. Research on mathematical solvers for different mathematical models is rich and rewarding with numerous open-ended questions and is a critical component in the progress of modern science and engineering.
4

A Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Higher-Order Differential Equations Applied to the Wave Equation

Temimi, Helmi 02 April 2008 (has links)
We propose a new discontinuous finite element method for higher-order initial value problems where the finite element solution exhibits an optimal convergence rate in the L2- norm. We further show that the q-degree discontinuous solution of a differential equation of order m and its first (m-1)-derivatives are strongly superconvergent at the end of each step. We also establish that the q-degree discontinuous solution is superconvergent at the roots of (q+1-m)-degree Jacobi polynomial on each step. Furthermore, we use these results to construct asymptotically correct a posteriori error estimates. Moreover, we design a new discontinuous Galerkin method to solve the wave equation by using a method of lines approach to separate the space and time where we first apply the classical finite element method using p-degree polynomials in space to obtain a system of second-order ordinary differential equations which is solved by our new discontinuous Galerkin method. We provide an error analysis for this new method to show that, on each space-time cell, the discontinuous Galerkin finite element solution is superconvergent at the tensor product of the shifted roots of the Lobatto polynomials in space and the Jacobi polynomial in time. Then, we show that the global L2 error in space and time is convergent. Furthermore, we are able to construct asymptotically correct a posteriori error estimates for both spatial and temporal components of errors. We validate our theory by presenting several computational results for one, two and three dimensions. / Ph. D.
5

Real-Time Optimal Parametric Design of a Simple Infiltration-Evaporation Model Using the Assess-Predict-Optimize (APO) Strategy

Ali, S., Damodaran, Murali, Patera, Anthony T. 01 1900 (has links)
Optimal parametric design of a system must be able to respond quickly to short term needs as well as long term conditions. To this end, we present an Assess-Predict-Optimize (APO) strategy which allows for easy modification of a system’s characteristics and constraints, enabling quick design adaptation. There are three components to the APO strategy: Assess - extract necessary information from given data; Predict - predict future behavior of system; and Optimize – obtain optimal system configuration based on information from the other components. The APO strategy utilizes three key mathematical ingredients to yield real-time results which would certainly conform to given constraints: dimension reduction of the model, a posteriori error estimation, and optimization methods. The resulting formulation resembles a bilevel optimization problem with an inherent nonconvexity in the inner level. Using a simple infiltration-evaporation model to simulate an irrigation system, we demonstrate the APO strategy’s ability to yield real-time optimal results. The linearized model, described by a coercive elliptic partial differential equation, is discretized by the reduced-basis output bounds method. A primal-dual interior point method is then chosen to solve the resulting APO problem. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
6

Reliable Real-Time Solution of Parametrized Elliptic Partial Differential Equations: Application to Elasticity

Veroy, K., Leurent, T., Prud'homme, C., Rovas, D.V., Patera, Anthony T. 01 1900 (has links)
The optimization, control, and characterization of engineering components or systems require fast, repeated, and accurate evaluation of a partial-differential-equation-induced input-output relationship. We present a technique for the rapid and reliable prediction of linear-functional outputs of elliptic partial differential equations with affine parameter dependence. The method has three components: (i) rapidly convergent reduced{basis approximations; (ii) a posteriori error estimation; and (iii) off-line/on-line computational procedures. These components -- integrated within a special network architecture -- render partial differential equation solutions truly "useful": essentially real{time as regards operation count; "blackbox" as regards reliability; and directly relevant as regards the (limited) input-output data required. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
7

Adaptive finite element methods for multiphysics problems

Bengzon, Fredrik January 2009 (has links)
In this thesis we develop and analyze the performance ofadaptive finite element methods for multiphysics problems. Inparticular, we propose a methodology for deriving computable errorestimates when solving unidirectionally coupled multiphysics problemsusing segregated finite element solvers.  The error estimates are of a posteriori type and are derived using the standard frameworkof dual weighted residual estimates.  A main feature of themethodology is its capability of automatically estimating thepropagation of error between the involved solvers with respect to anoverall computational goal. The a posteriori estimates are used todrive local mesh refinement, which concentrates the computationalpower to where it is most needed.  We have applied and numericallystudied the methodology to several common multiphysics problems usingvarious types of finite elements in both two and three spatialdimensions. Multiphysics problems often involve convection-diffusion equations for whichstandard finite elements can be unstable. For such equations we formulatea robust discontinuous Galerkin method of optimal order with piecewiseconstant approximation. Sharp a priori and a posteriori error estimatesare proved and verified numerically. Fractional step methods are popular for simulating incompressiblefluid flow. However, since they are not genuine Galerkin methods, butrather based on operator splitting, they do not fit into the standardframework for a posteriori error analysis. We formally derive an aposteriori error estimate for a prototype fractional step method byseparating the error in a functional describing the computational goalinto a finite element discretization residual, a time steppingresidual, and an algebraic residual.
8

Real-Time Reliable Prediction of Linear-Elastic Mode-I Stress Intensity Factors for Failure Analysis

Huynh, Dinh Bao Phuong, Peraire, Jaime, Patera, Anthony T., Liu, Guirong 01 1900 (has links)
Modern engineering analysis requires accurate, reliable and efficient evaluation of outputs of interest. These outputs are functions of "input" parameter that serve to describe a particular configuration of the system, typical input geometry, material properties, or boundary conditions and loads. In many cases, the input-output relationship is a functional of the field variable - which is the solution to an input-parametrized partial differential equations (PDE). The reduced-basis approximation, adopting off-line/on-line computational procedures, allows us to compute accurate and reliable functional outputs of PDEs with rigorous error estimations. The operation count for the on-line stage depends only on a small number N and the parametric complexity of the problem, which make the reduced-basis approximation especially suitable for complex analysis such as optimizations and designs. In this work we focus on the development of finite-element and reduced-basis methodology for the accurate, fast, and reliable prediction of the stress intensity factors or strain-energy release rate of a mode-I linear elastic fracture problem. With the use of off-line/on-line computational strategy, the stress intensity factor for a particular problem can be obtained in miliseconds. The method opens a new promising prospect: not only are the numerical results obtained only in miliseconds with great savings in computational time; the results are also reliable - thanks to the rigorous and sharp a posteriori error bounds. The practical uses of our prediction are presented through several example problems. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
9

Robust local problem error estimation for a singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problem on anisotropic finite element meshes

Grosman, Serguei 05 April 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problems exhibit in general solutions with anisotropic features, e.g. strong boundary and/or interior layers. This anisotropy is reflected in the discretization by using meshes with anisotropic elements. The quality of the numerical solution rests on the robustness of the a posteriori error estimator with respect to both the perturbation parameters of the problem and the anisotropy of the mesh. An estimator that has shown to be one of the most reliable for reaction-diffusion problem is the <i>equilibrated residual method</i> and its modification done by Ainsworth and Babuška for singularly perturbed problem. However, even the modified method is not robust in the case of anisotropic meshes. The present work modifies the equilibrated residual method for anisotropic meshes. The resulting error estimator is equivalent to the equilibrated residual method in the case of isotropic meshes and is proved to be robust on anisotropic meshes as well. A numerical example confirms the theory.
10

A Posteriori Error Analysis for a Discontinuous Galerkin Method Applied to Hyperbolic Problems on Tetrahedral Meshes

Mechaii, Idir 26 April 2012 (has links)
In this thesis, we present a simple and efficient \emph{a posteriori} error estimation procedure for a discontinuous finite element method applied to scalar first-order hyperbolic problems on structured and unstructured tetrahedral meshes. We present a local error analysis to derive a discontinuous Galerkin orthogonality condition for the leading term of the discretization error and find basis functions spanning the error for several finite element spaces. We describe an implicit error estimation procedure for the leading term of the discretization error by solving a local problem on each tetrahedron. Numerical computations show that the implicit \emph{a posteriori} error estimation procedure yields accurate estimates for linear and nonlinear problems with smooth solutions. Furthermore, we show the performance of our error estimates on problems with discontinuous solutions. We investigate pointwise superconvergence properties of the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method using enriched polynomial spaces. We study the effect of finite element spaces on the superconvergence properties of DG solutions on each class and type of tetrahedral elements. We show that, using enriched polynomial spaces, the discretization error on tetrahedral elements having one inflow face, is O(h^{p+2}) superconvergent on the three edges of the inflow face, while on elements with one inflow and one outflow faces the DG solution is O(h^{p+2}) superconvergent on the outflow face in addition to the three edges of the inflow face. Furthermore, we show that, on tetrahedral elements with two inflow faces, the DG solution is O(h^{p+2}) superconvergent on the edge shared by two of the inflow faces. On elements with two inflow and one outflow faces and on elements with three inflow faces, the DG solution is O(h^{p+2}) superconvergent on two edges of the inflow faces. We also show that using enriched polynomial spaces lead to a simpler{a posterior error estimation procedure. Finally, we extend our error analysis for the discontinuous Galerkin method applied to linear three-dimensional hyperbolic systems of conservation laws with smooth solutions. We perform a local error analysis by expanding the local error as a series and showing that its leading term is O( h^{p+1}). We further simplify the leading term and express it in terms of an optimal set of polynomials which can be used to estimate the error. / Ph. D.

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