京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第23288号 / 人博第1003号 / 新制||人||236(附属図書館) / 2020||人博||1003(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科相関環境学専攻 / (主査)教授 内本 喜晴, 教授 高木 紀明, 教授 中村 敏浩 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM

Unimolecular reactions based on the Lindemann - Hinchelwood mechanism are important to understanding combustion and atmospheric processes. The main feature of this mechanism is the energy transfer probability distribution function, P(E',E). We have chosen to study P(E',E) through gas phase collisional dynamics probed with IR transient absorption spectroscopy. Post-collision absorption line widths for the pyrazine-N2O system are used to calculate lab frame translational temperatures. The translational temperatures reveal that collisions with large rotational energy transfer also transfer large amounts of translational energy. For J states >47 the relationship is linear indicating a constant impact parameter. Line widths for J=47 through J=59 also showed that there is no out-scattering from these states, in contrast to work performed previously in the Sevy group. The discrepancy between these measurements prompted a complete analysis of the causes of noise in the experimental system. Defective instruments were identified and noise sources localized, including IR diode frequency jitter. Improved experimental techniques and troubleshooting guides are explained for future researchers in the Sevy group.

In this thesis I explore the effect of parameter uncertainty in ocean biogeochemical models on the calculation of carbon uptake by the ocean. The ocean currently absorbs around a quarter of the annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere [Scholes et al., 2009], slowing the increase in radiative forcing associated with the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Ocean biogeochemical models have been developed to study the role of the ocean ecosystem in this process. Such models consist of a greatly simplified representation of the hugely complex ocean ecosystem. This simplification requires extensive parameterisation of the biological processes that convert inorganic carbon to and from organic carbon in the ocean. The HadOCC ocean biogeochemical model is a Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Zooplankton-Detritus (NPZD) model that is used to represent the role of the ocean ecosystem in the global carbon cycle in the HadCM3 and FAMOUS GCMs. HadOCC uses twenty parameters to control the processes of biological growth, mortality, grazing and detrital sinking that control the uptake and cycling of carbon in the ocean ecosystem. These parameters represent highly complex and in some cases incompletely understood biological processes, and as a result are uncertain in value. A sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the HadOCC parameters that due to uncertainty in value have the greatest possible effect on the exchange of CO2 between the atmosphere and the ocean—the air-sea CO2 flux. These are found to be the parameters that control phytoplankton growth in the well lit surface ocean, the formation of carbonate by marine organisms and the sinking of biological detritus. The uncertainty in these parameters is found to cause changes to the air-sea CO2 flux calculated by the FAMOUS GCM. The initial effect of these changes is equivalent to the order of the error of current estimates of the net annual carbon uptake by the ocean (2.2 ± 0.3 Pg C y−1 [Gruber et al., 2009], 2.2 ± 0.5 Pg C y−1 [Denman et al., 2007]). This indicates that while the effect of ocean biogeochemical parameter uncertainty is non-negligible, it is within the bounds of the uncertainty of the total (inorganic and organic) ocean carbon system, and is considerably less than the uncertainty in the carbon uptake of the terrestrial biosphere [Houghton, 2007]. However, as the ocean plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle and the regulation of the Earth’s climate, further understanding and better modelling of the role of the ocean ecosystem in the global carbon cycle and its reaction to anthropogenic climate forcing remains important.

SANTRAUKA Magistro darbe analizuojami su bendrovių reorganizavimu jungimo būdu susiję klausimai apimantys nacionalinius ir vienos valstybės ribas peržengiančius bendrovių jungimus. Darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmoje dalyje yra atskleidžiamos bendrovių jungimosi priežastys ir tikslai, galimi jungimosi būdai trumpai apibūdinant kiekvieno jų teisinio reglamentavimo aspektus. Bendrovių jungimo būdų privalumų ir trūkumų analizė leidžia daryti išvadą, kad kiekvienu atveju, pasirenkant akcijų įsigijimo, įmonės įsigijimo ar jungimo reorganizuojant būdą, dalyvaujančios suinteresuotos šalys siekiančios įgyvendinti savo interesus turės ieškoti kompromisinių sprendimų. Antroje darbo dalyje, panaudojant istorinį metodą, nagrinėjama bendrovių reorganizavimo jungimo būdu kaip teisės instituto kilmė, jo raida Europos Sąjungos ir Lietuvos teisėje, nes tik suvokiant tiriamo objekto istorinę raidą, aiškiau galima nagrinėti ir analizuoti dabarties reguliavimo pagrindimą, o taip pat įžvelgti trūkumus ar problematiką. Pasitelkiant lyginamąjį tyrimo metodą, trečioje magistro darbo dalyje, lyginamos Europos Sąjungos teisės aktų ir nacionalinių įstatymų normos, tikslu parodyti nacionalinių nuostatų kilmę ir esančius skirtumus. Taip pat, panaudojant teleologinį metodą, siekiama atskleisti teisės norminių aktų leidėjo ketinimus įgyvendinant ES teisės nuostatas nacionalinėje teisėje. Žymioje magistro darbo dalyje naudojamas lyginamasis tyrimo metodas iš esmės pagrindiniam tikslui pasiekti – pateikti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / SUMMARY Legal aspects of reorganization by way of merger The thesis paper analyses the issues related to the reorganization of companies by the way of merger including national and cross-border mergers. The paper consists of three sections. The first section discloses reasons and purposes of company mergers, possible merger ways, defining shortly legal regulations of each of the ways. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the merger ways leads to the conclusion that, in order to achieve their expectations, the participating interested parties will have to look for a compromise solutions when choosing a share deal, an asset deal or a reorganization by merger way. In the second section, based on the historical method, the origin of the reorganization of companies by the way of merger as the law institute, its development in the European Union and the Lithuanian legislation are analysed as the investigation and analysis of the grounding of the current regulation as well as perception of drawbacks or problems are possible only having a clear concept of the historical development of the object investigated. In the third section, based on the comparative investigation method, regulations of the European Union legal acts and national laws are compared with a view to reveal the origin of the national provisions and existing differences. Furthermore, based on the teleological method, the paper seeks to reveal the intentions of the issuer of legal regulations, when... [to full text]

Conventional waste water treatment processes are not completely effective in removing highly stable organic compounds. Photocatalytic degradation on titanium dioxide is a possible alternative technique for many classes of these compounds. Several studies have been done by other researchers to study mechanisms of photocatalytic degradation, which occurs either through direct oxidation by holes or via indirect oxidation by radical messengers. Titanium dioxide can oxidize substrates directly through hole oxidation mechanisms or indirectly through free radical mechanisms. Substrates must bind onto the catalyst surface to undergo direct oxidation by holes. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on four different classes of compounds; iodinated contrast agents (iohexol and diatrizoate), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (perylene and pyrene), the antibacterial agent triclosan and the pesticide atrazine, to investigate which of the compounds are adsorbed on the surface of titanium dioxide to undergo direct oxidation through electron holes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was conducted on triclosan and atrazine to determine if the desorption reaction is endothermic or exothermic. Powder X-ray diffraction was performed on all four classes of compounds to observe diffraction pattern of these compounds.

No description available.

This master´s thesis focuses on effect of acoustic microclimate in non-production buildings to human. Within elaboration this topic was made measurment acoustic power level and created protocols by valid technical standards and law. I dedicate to damping noise and aerodynamic noise in airconditioning in part topic analysis. The part aplication on real object deal with assessment current status and draft measure for improve acoustic ratio in laboratories in center of research located in Brno. That includes describe of air-cndition unit and development two variants and their rating.

В работе проведено исследование оптических характеристик коллоидных квантовых точек (КТ) InP/ZnS различных размеров (QD-1, QD-2, QD-3) и композитных наноструктур анодированного оксида алюминия (AAО) с КТ методами спектрофотометрии и люминесцентной спектроскопии. Выполнен литературный обзор, касающийся электронных состояний в идеальном нанокристалле (НК), синтеза КТ на основе InP, использования НК для создания нанокомпозитов и расчёта цветовых характеристик излучателей. Описаны методики подготовки образцов и проведения измерений спектров оптического поглощения (ОП) и фотолюминесценции (ФЛ). По анализу спектров ОП КТ определены значения энергий оптических переходов. Полосы с наименьшей энергией соответствуют первому экситонному пику поглощения ядра InP. Другие могут быть приписаны оболочке из ZnS. По синему сдвигу осуществлена оценка размера ядер образцов КТ. Для QD-1 исследована температурная зависимость первого экситонного пика поглощения. Спектры ФЛ позволяют предположить, что полосы свечения формируются как экситонными переходами, так и дефектами кристаллической решётки ядра InP. Синтезирован ряд структур нанопористого оксида алюминия, отожженного при различных температурах, с осаждёнными КТ и исследована их ФЛ. Показано, что после осаждения в AAО НК InP/ZnS, сохраняют свои флуоресцентные свойства, следовательно, можно говорить об успешном создании композитных люминофоров InP/ZnS@AAO. Обсуждаются цветовые характеристики изучаемых образцов. / This study deals with the investigation of optical characteristics of differently sized InP/ZnS colloidal quantum dots (QD-1, QD-2, QD-3) and composite nanostrucrures of anodic aluminum oxide with QDs by means of spectrophotometry and luminescence spectroscopy techniques. The literature review concerning electronic states in an ideal nanocrystal (NC), synthesis of InP-based QDs, use of NCs for creating nanocomposites and calculating color characteristics of emitters was carried out. The methods of sample preparation and measurements of optical absorption (OA) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra are described. Values of optical transition energies are determined according to the analysis of QD OA spectra. The bands with the lowest energy correspond to the first exciton absorption peak of the InP core. The other transitions can be attributed to the ZnS shell. The core size of the QD samples was evaluated using the blue shift. The temperature dependence of the first exciton absorption peak was investigated for the QD-1. PL spectra of QDs indicate that the emission bands are formed by exciton transitions and defects of the InP crystal lattice. A series of structures of nanoporous aluminum oxide, annealed at different temperatures, with deposited QDs were synthesized and their PL were studied. Fluorescent properties of the QDs are found to be retained after the deposition, therefore, InP/ZnS@AAO composite phosphors were successfully created. Сolor characteristics of the samples under study are discussed.