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No / and methods This report is derived from a review of the research evidence on physical activity interventions and initiatives, interventions to support self-management/ self-care of long-term conditions and digitally enabled care services and technologies. The aim was to use existing evidence to envision future services and associated infrastructure. The Evidence Review involved scoping the literature for topics researched and to determine the nature of that research. Rapid-scoping review methods were applied to trusted sources, and searches for specific key texts were conducted. A separate search was conducted to identify literature relevant to each domain. A narrative was then produced from the review findings. Review findings The evidence base for physical activity interventions is growing. There has been significant recent investment in the development and evaluation of interventions to promote activity and reduce sedentary behaviour at the individual, community and population levels. The evidence to link higher levels of physical activity to positive health outcomes and disease prevention is convincing, both in ‘well’ populations and in those with long-term health conditions. Self-management interventions are heterogeneous in nature but common elements exist across the majority of them. The consensus in the literature is that self-management will become increasingly important due to unsustainable demands upon services. Evaluation of selfmanagement interventions reveals a small but varying effect across a wide range of outcomes. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which these interventions work and how these might vary across differing conditions and populations. Technology is being increasingly used to support service delivery in a wide range of contexts, and for the delivery of a variety of interventions including fitness and self-management. There is strong evidence supporting the use of technology for remote monitoring of people with longterm conditions, but further research is required. Implications Digital applications are already altering established patterns of service delivery. The findings presented here reveal varying results of efficacy which do not accord with the optimistic future described in various envisaging reports. Research has yet to consider unwanted and unforeseen effects of moving towards technology-enabled services. It is also important to consider how to effectively harness new health data emerging from the use of eHealth systems, technology-enabled services and health-tracking devices. There is an ongoing requirement to evaluate new technologies and technology-enabled services in ways that provide both timely and robust answers, particularly as technology development is a continually moving target. These considerations are discussed in this report. / The evidence review was commissioned as part of the Foresight future of an ageing population project

Bakgrund: Studier har visat att demenssjukdom inte tillhörde det normala åldrandet utan berodde på skador i hjärnan. Demenssjukdomarna påverkade minnet, humöret samt kommunikationsförmåga. Oro, ångest och andra beteendesymtom har förorsakats av sjukdomen. Ångestdämpande och sedativa läkemedel mot symtomen var en vanlig behandling. Tidigare forskning visade att det fanns andra behandlingsmetoder att tillgå. Syfte: Att belysa aktiviteter som minskade negativa symtom och ökade välbefinnandet hos personer med demenssjukdom. Metod: En litteraturstudie av vetenskapliga artiklar genomfördes. Vid granskning framkom olika aktiviteter vilka indelades i en kategori, underkategorier samt effekterna av valda aktiviteter. Resultat: Visade att med olika aktiviteter lindrades negativa symtom och ökade välmåendet samt minskade användandet av sedativa läkemedel. Metoddiskussion: De metoder och strategier som har beskrivits i litteraturen, vilka motsvarade studiens syfte gjorde det möjligt att använda metoden. Resultatdiskussion: Studien visade att det inte fanns några effektiva farmakologiska behandlingar för demenssjukdomar. Det fanns dock olika icke-farmakologiska metoder i kombination med en personcentrerad vård som visade sig haft positiv effekter på beteendemässiga psykiska symtom.Slutsats: Samtliga personer med demenssjukdom hade beteendemässiga psykiska symtom och behövde lindrande åtgärder. Ytterligare forskning sågs som nödvändig inom området för demenssjukdomar. / Background: Studies have shown that dementia did not belong to normal aging but was due to damages to the brain. Dementia affects memory, mood and the ability to communicate. Uneasiness, anxiety and other behavioral symptoms are caused by the disease. Treatment was directed at the symptoms and it was common with anxiety-reducing and sedative drugs. Previous research showed that there were other treatment methods available. Purpose: To elucidate activities and strategies to relieve symptoms and increased wellbeing of people with dementia, as well as the effects of the aforementioned. Method: A qualitative literature review of scientific articles was made. After reviewing different activities emerged that were categorized into headings, subheadings and shown effects. Result: Different activities relieved negative symptoms and increased wellbeing as well as reduced usage of sedative pharmaceuticals. Method discussion: Searches showed that previous research existed. Result discussion: The study showed that there were no effective pharmacological treatments of dementia. The need for non-pharmacological methods in combination with person-centered care existed. Conclusion: People with dementia were showing behavioral mental symptoms and in need of relieving activities. Further research is necessary in the field. / <p>Datum för godkännande: 2019-11-05</p>