A growing interest for Cannabidiol (CBD), a component of Cannabis Sativa, has occurred over the past years. The medical potential of the component is yet to be better characterized, as its effects on sleep, and in particular memory, are to date not well understood or consistently characterized. This master thesis project focuses on analysing the effect of CBD on an anaesthesia-induced sleep-like state in rats, and its effects on the hippocampal sharp-wave-ripples, which have been shown to be associated with memory replay during sleep, and hence system consolidation. The hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, the two structures involved in memory consolidation, were recorded in 19 rats, split in two groups (CBD and vehicle). From these recordings, an automated sleep scorer using principal component analysis was developed to obtain the animals’ hypnograms, which were analysed to study sleep-like structure. From the recordings of the hippocampal pyramidal layer, and an additionnal layer deeper under it, respectively ripples and sharp waves were detected in all animals, and characterized for each group. We observed and demonstrated that CBD changes the sleep-like structure by shortening both REM and NREM bouts, resulting in an increase in transitions between both states. Additionally, we observed that, although ripples are not significantly different between both groups, sharp waves tend to be smaller among CBD animals. Lastly we noticed that both sharp wave and ripple activity, after increasing upon transition to NREM, decreases as the bout last. This finding suggests that vehicle animals, who have longer bouts and less transitions, would display less sharp wave and ripple activity, although we found no significant difference in the amount of both brain events. This paradox suggests that there is still more to characterize in order to understand if CBD enhances or not memory consolidation. In sum, CBD changes anaesthesia-induced sleep by shortening the duration of both NREM and REM bouts, resulting in an increase in transitions between both state. As for sleep events, sharp waves appeared shorter among CBD animals, although the same difference was not observed for ripples. Finally, sharp wave and ripple activity appear to peak upon transition from REM to NREM sleep, and decreases as the NREM bout lasts longer, however, no effect of CBD on this observation was highlighted.

Bakgrund: Oro är vanligt hos patienter som ska opereras, oavsett om det är en elektiv eller akut operation. Studier har visat att en bra relation mellan anestesisjuksköterskan och patienten preoperativt minskar oron hos patienten. En akut operation upplevs som stressande för patienten då denne inte kan påverka sin situation. Anestesisjuksköterskan är den som inför en akut operation ansvarar för patientens trygghet och säkerhet. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva anestesisjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda en orolig patient vid en akut operation. Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie med ändamålsenligt urval utfördes. Urvalskriterierna innefattade anestesisjuksköterskor med minst ett års erfarenhet på en operationsavdelning som bedriver akut verksamhet. Datainsamlingen genomfördes i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Resultat: Fyra kategorier framkom i resultatet; Att ha kunskap om patientens tidigare erfarenheter, Att ta över ansvar för patient som är utelämnad, Att undvika felaktig och otillräcklig information och Att utforma personcentrerad information. Slutsats: Anestesisjuksköterskan behöver vara lyhörd och inkännande för att kunna anpassa sig till den unika individen. Med denna kunskap kan anestesisjuksköterskan bemöta oro genom att informera patienter på ett personcentrerat sätt utifrån deras villkor och önskemål.

SUMMARY A surgery ward is one of the crucial departments in the České Budějovice Hospital. It provides a highly specialized care not only to patients from the district of České Budějovice, but also to people from the whole South-Bohemian region. Nearly 4,000 patients are treated in this ward every year. In my work I focused on a group of people who are able to work, but at the time of hospitalization they had no job and were registered in the employment agency and they came to the surgical ward for optional surgeries. The reasons why they did so could be as follows: they either neglected the care of their health due to a large amount of tasks at work, or they postponed the surgery since they were worried that they could lose their job due to a long sick leave. The objective of the work was to identify the influence of employment on decisions of clients to undergo surgeries. Questionnaires were used to gather data; they were distributed to patients hospitalized in the surgical ward of Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. (the České Budějovice Hospital). The hypothesis which assumed that people registered in the employment agency for a short time have more surgeries than people registered in the employment agency for a long time was confirmed in the degree work. The second hypothesis assuming that people registered in the employment agency have more optional surgeries than employed people was confirmed as well. The third hypothesis where I assumed that the fees charged for hospital stays would influence the length of hospitalization of unemployed people was not confirmed since political changes resulted in the conclusion of a donation agreement between Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. and the South-Bohemian region; the agreement enables people to take advantage of the South-Bohemian region{\crq}s donation to cover the hospital fees starting from 1 February 2009. The results of my work could be used as arguments in solving the unemployment policy.