There is no abstract available for this dissertation. / Department of Educational Studies

Featured adjuvant chemotherapy treatment in women with breast cancer can lead to pain. The aim of this study was to explore, the variety of perceptions and impact of adjuvantchemotherapy-induced pain in daily life, of some women newly diagnosed with breast cancer.Inclusion criteria were participating in an ongoing stress management projectand chemotherapy of (anthracycline/taxan) in doses of 75mg² or more. Exclusioncriteria were inability to understand and communicate in Swedish and mentalillness. After ethical approval of the sub study in September 2010, women wereconsecutively included through oral and written request. Phenomenologicalapproach was used in the eight interviews and data analysis. The resultconsisted of five categories of description, the obvious pain, themanageable pain, the lonely pain, the unimaginable pain andultimately the crippling pain. The existence was open when the pain feltdescribable and manageable, while it was concluded when the pain seemedinexplicable and life drastically changed. The study showed a significantpainful impact of chemotherapy. The woman had difficulties to refer to theinformation given by the medical services, when the pain went beyond previousexperiences. There was a tendency that the woman waited before she contactedthe medical services, this waiting made room for difficult thoughts andfeelings. A question for further research is how the staff can capture andbetter help the women who experience severe pain. / Dagens adjuvanta cytostatikabehandlingav kvinnor med bröstcancer kan leda till smärta. Denna studies syfte var att undersöka olikauppfattningar om inverkan av smärta, utlöst av adjuvant cytostatikabehandling,på dagligt liv hos några kvinnor som nyligen diagnostiserats med bröstcancer.Inklusionskriterier var deltagande i ett pågående stresshanteringsprojekt ochcytostatikabehandling i doser om 75mg² eller mer av antracyklin och/ellertaxan. Exklusionskriterier var oförmåga att förstå och kommunicera på svenska ochpsykisk sjukdom. Efter etiskt godkännande av delstudien i september 2010 inkluderades kvinnorna konsekutivt genommuntlig och skriftlig förfrågan. Fenomenologisk ansats användes i de åttaintervjuerna och i resultatbearbetningen. Resultatet kom att utgöras av fembeskrivningskategorier: den förklarliga smärtan, den övervinneliga smärtan, denensamma smärtan, den ofattbara smärtan och sist den förlamande smärtan.Tillvaron var öppen då smärtankändes förklarbar och därmed hanterbar, medan den slöts när smärtan kändesoförklarlig och kvinnornas liv förändrades drastiskt. Studien visar på en betydande smärtinverkan vid cytostatikabehandling. Kvinnornafick svårt att referera till den av sjukvården givna informationen, när smärtangick utanför tidigare beskrivning och smärtupplevelser. Det fanns en tendensatt kvinnan avvaktade innan hon kontaktade sjukvården och i denna väntanuppstod svåra tankar och känslor. En fråga för vidare forskning är hurpersonalen kan fånga upp och bättre hjälpa de kvinnor som får svåra smärtor.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality. There are three types of treatment available to patients, either individually or in combination. Treatments are radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery. In a Phase II clinical trial at IUSM, a multimodality approach was chosen. The patients with locally advanced rectal cancer received preoperative treatment with capecitabine and irinotecan (CPT-11) combination followed by chemoradiation with capecitabine and finally surgery to improve response and decrease local recurrence. Irinotecan and Capecitabine are both prodrugs activated in vivo to SN-38 and 5-FU, respectively. Identification of the molecular markers for 5-FU and Irinotecan efficacy and toxicity is important for the development of more efficient and less toxic treatment strategies for patients with colorectal cancer. The goal of this study was to determine the expression levels of the genes involved in activation and metabolism of capecitabine and irinotecan in pre and post treatment specimens from these patients. The genes quantitated by real-time PCR were carboxylesterase 1 and 2 (CES1 and CES2), thymidylate synthase (TS), β-glucoronidase (β-GUS), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and topoisomerase I (Topo I). The UGT1A1*28 polymorphism in UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 is associated with SN-38 toxicity. Therefore, the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism status in patients was determined by PCR-sequencing. Correlative analysis of gene expression and UGT1A1*28 mutation with clinical outcome in this Phase II study was completed.

Prostate cancer is the most common form of non-skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths within the United States. The five year survival rate has increased from 69% to 99% over the last 25 years for the local and regional disease, but has remained fairly low (approximately 34%) for the advanced disease. Therefore, current research is aimed at finding complementary or alternative treatments that will specifically target components of the signal transduction, cell-cycle and apoptosis pathways to induce cell death, with little or no toxic side effects to the patient. In this study we investigated the effect of genistein on expression levels of genes involved in these pathways. Genistein is a (4 , 5 , 7-trihydroxyisoflavone) is a major isoflavone constituent of soy that has been shown to inhibit growth proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. The mechanism of genistein-induced cell death and potential molecular targets for genistein in LNCaP prostate cancer c ells was investigated using several techniques. The chemosensitivity of genistein towards the prostate cancer cells was investigated using the ATP and MTS assays and apoptosis induction was determined using apoptosis and caspase assays. Several molecular targets were also identified using cDNA microarray and RT-PCR analysis. Our results revealed that genistein induces cell death in a time and dose-dependent manner and regulates expression levels of several genes involved in carcinogenesis and immunogenicity. Several cell cycle genes were down-regulated, including the mitotic kinesins, cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases, indicating that genistein is able to halt cell cycle progression through the regulation of genes involved in this process. / Several members of the Bcl-2 family which are involved in apoptosis were also affected and a number of genes involved in immunogenicity were up-regulated including the DefB1 and HLA membrane receptors. The results of this study provide evidence of genistein's ability to inhibit growth proliferation and induce apoptosis and indicates its potential as an adjuvant in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. / by Kendra Merchant. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2009. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2009. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

No description available.

M. Tech. Veterinary Technology. / Aims of this study were to: determine the suitable buffers and optimal concentrations of these buffers, to be used in the ISA 206 B oil-based vaccine formulations that will ensure pH levels of &#x2265%x; 7.0; consistent emulsion type and particle sizes following a storage period of at least 24 months at 4 C ; determine the effects of temperature on the stability of the vaccine formulation during storage ; determine the optimal buffer antigen ratio in the water phase of the ISA 206 B oil-adjuvanted FMD vaccine containing SAT serotypes ; determine the effects of saponin (Q-Vac trade mark) on the buffering capacity during storage, in the ISA 206 B oil-adjuvanted FMD vaccine containing the SAT serotypes; and determine the shelf life of this improved (stabilised) oil vaccine. Previous research by the ARC scientists has shown that the immunity elicited by the ISA 206 oil adjuvanted vaccines could persist up to 50 weeks post vaccination in cattle (Cloete et al., 2008; Hunter, 1996). However, they did not show if this immunity was protective or not. Although it is known within the FMD field that sometimes immunity levels do not always translate into protection against an infection, if protection can be shown - even after vaccination using a stored vaccines - achievement of the above mentioned objectives could enable a once-a-year vaccination regimen in the control zone of RSA. Moreover, this once-a-year vaccination regimen could also substantially reduce the logistical costs involved during vaccination campaigns, compared to the current biannual vaccination regimen. Once the shelf life of the vaccine has been established, the vaccine could also be registered as a stock remedy under the Fertilisers, Farm Feed, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act, 36 of 1947, administered by DAFF. The registration of this vaccine could in turn enable the RSA to supply the vaccine to neighbouring South African Development Community (SADC) countries and the rest of African countries where the SAT serotypes occur.

M. Tech. Veterinary Technology. / Aims of this study were to: determine the suitable buffers and optimal concentrations of these buffers, to be used in the ISA 206 B oil-based vaccine formulations that will ensure pH levels of &#x2265%x; 7.0; consistent emulsion type and particle sizes following a storage period of at least 24 months at 4 C ; determine the effects of temperature on the stability of the vaccine formulation during storage ; determine the optimal buffer antigen ratio in the water phase of the ISA 206 B oil-adjuvanted FMD vaccine containing SAT serotypes ; determine the effects of saponin (Q-Vac trade mark) on the buffering capacity during storage, in the ISA 206 B oil-adjuvanted FMD vaccine containing the SAT serotypes; and determine the shelf life of this improved (stabilised) oil vaccine. Previous research by the ARC scientists has shown that the immunity elicited by the ISA 206 oil adjuvanted vaccines could persist up to 50 weeks post vaccination in cattle (Cloete et al., 2008; Hunter, 1996). However, they did not show if this immunity was protective or not. Although it is known within the FMD field that sometimes immunity levels do not always translate into protection against an infection, if protection can be shown - even after vaccination using a stored vaccines - achievement of the above mentioned objectives could enable a once-a-year vaccination regimen in the control zone of RSA. Moreover, this once-a-year vaccination regimen could also substantially reduce the logistical costs involved during vaccination campaigns, compared to the current biannual vaccination regimen. Once the shelf life of the vaccine has been established, the vaccine could also be registered as a stock remedy under the Fertilisers, Farm Feed, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act, 36 of 1947, administered by DAFF. The registration of this vaccine could in turn enable the RSA to supply the vaccine to neighbouring South African Development Community (SADC) countries and the rest of African countries where the SAT serotypes occur.

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

The guidelines for the curative treatment of prostate cancer presented by the German Society of Urology are discussed. They are based on the current knowledge of the outcomes of surgical and radiotherapeutic treatment for prostate cancer. Radical prostatectomy is recommended as the first-line treatment for organ-confined prostate cancer in patients with an individual life expectancy of at least 10 years. Radiotherapy can be considered as an alternative treatment modality, although current knowledge does not allow a definite assessment of the relative value of radiotherapy compared to radical prostatectomy. Locally advanced cT3 prostate cancer is overstaged in about 20% and curative treatment is possible in selected cases. Guidelines represent rules based on the available evidence. This implies that exceptions must be made whenever appropriate and that guidelines have to be reviewed regularly as new information becomes available. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

This study determined the impact of vitamin C dose on genistein-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cancer cells at various treatment regimens in vitro. Although the linear regression of viability assay (MTT) indicated a p-value = 0.11; NBT assay reveal a declining SOD activity during cell death. Apoptosis induction was the main mode of treatment induced cell death. The overall data showed the trend of treatment efficacy as;(Gen 10uM + Vit C 40uM) > (Gen 30uM + Vit C 40uM) > (Gen 70uM + Vit C 40uM) > 10uM genistein > 70uM genistein. The chi-square test for comparing necrosis, apoptosis and life cells showed that Vitamin C could impact genistein-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells (p = 0.0003). This study forms the basis for in vivo studies of the impact of vitamin C on genistein-induced apoptosis in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection