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Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Bourgogne, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 556-636) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Bourgogne, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 556-636) and index.

Texte de : Thèse de doctorat : Histoire médiévale : Université de Porto : 1987. / Bibliogr. et sources p. [17]-78.

Diss.--Juristische Fakultät--Universität Freiburg, 1992. / Bibliogr. p. 439-446.

As the number of pregnant defendents continues to grow, so too do the problems and concerns surrounding them. While literature can be found on related topics, the specific issue of pregnancy and judicial decisions has yet to be examined. The purpose of this particular research study is to heighten awareness of the issues surrounding the topic, and provide evidence indicating the influence, if any, pregnancy has on judicial decisions.

Zugl.: Utrecht, Univ., Diss.

Thesis--Freie Universität Berlin. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 845-869).

This research examines the question whether or not the exercise of the prosecutorial discretion is kosher, by which is meant whether its functional integrity is intact and free from interference. An investigation, with particular reference to various factors that come into play in prosecutorial decision-making, revealed evidence that suggests degree of undue influence in prosecutorial decision-making. The researcher contends that there is sufficient evidence to infer a causal link between the prevailing climate of uncertainty about the questions informing the research and the manifest lack of credibility of this very important function. There seems to be a lack of recognition for and appreciation of the significant role played by the prosecution service in promoting democracy by ensuring the fair administration of justice. The fact that the prosecution service seems to be a regular target for political interference despite legislative guarantees of its integrity and independence as laid down in the Constitution and the NPA Act suggests an underlying mentality that fails to appreciate or flouts the essential distinction between party and state. Prosecutors also take an oath of office or affirmation before assuming duties in this capacity and this also does not seem to be sufficient guarantee to make their decision making kosher and to avoid any trace of suspicion. In the end some remedial legislative and administrative measures are recommended with a view to restoring public confidence in the prosecution service. The suggestion is made to investigate some of the questions raised in the research, for instance questions such as why the interest in the prosecution service and not the judiciary, and why the current mechanisms aimed at guaranteeing its independence seem not to be sufficient. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Public Law / unrestricted

La thèse traite de l’administration de justice espagnole à Cuba durant les premières décennies du XIXe siècle, et plus précisément de la manière dont le traitement judiciaire de la conflictualité sociale donne forme à un ordre social, ceci à travers l’analyse des dispositifs juridiques, institutionnels et discursifs mobilisés à cet effet dans un espace spécifiquement colonial. La réflexion vise en dernière instance l’étude des catégories employées régulièrement dans les pratiques judiciaires et de gouvernement comme taxonomies du délit, catégories qui ont configuré une idée spécifique de l’ordre social en définissant les limites juridiques et socio-politiques du « devoir être » de la colonie antillaise, entre le trienio libéral (1820-1823) et le début de la première guerre d’indépendance de l’île (1868). Cette thèse n’est pas guidée par la recherche d’un « État libéral » espagnol qui pourrait être identifié à son administration coloniale du XIXe siècle, et dont on chercherait à évaluer les réussites et les manques, les forces et les faiblesses. Notre attention se porte plutôt sur les sens qu’eurent, dans leurs contextes, des catégories comme justice, gouvernement, administration, droit, ordre, telles que maniées au cours de la première moitié du XIXe siècle cubain, jusqu’au déclenchement d’une guerre qui bouleversa le paysage social insulaire. C’est à partir de là que l’on étudie la construction d’un espace du politique en suivant la piste des figures du désordre qui en disaient les limites. La resémantisation de catégories déjà anciennes comme celles de bandits et de vagabonds est abordée à partir de l’idée d’une incorporation des principes politiques libéraux dans les imaginaires collectifs, c’est-à-dire d’une politisation des sociétés hispano-américaines au cours du XIXe siècle. On entend celle-ci comme un processus de création de nouvelles identités sociales à partir de la réception et de la mise en pratique d’une grammaire discursive liée aux théories contractualistes et aux formes de gestion du pouvoir qui leur étaient associées ; processus qui mena en définitive à la reconfiguration de l’ordre social monarchique néo-impérial espagnol. Cette reconfiguration est abordée à partir de trois dimensions ou registres : le registre institutionnel, le registre normatif et le registre discursif, et à travers l’étude de la gestion de la conflictualité et du traitement des catégories et concepts permettant d’opérer cette gestion. / The thesis addresses the Spanish administration of justice in Cuba during the first decades of the 19th century, in particular the manner in which the judicial treatment of social conflicts gives shape to a social order. This is accomplished through the analysis of the legal, institutional and discursive mechanisms used within a specifically colonial space. Finally, the study aims to investigate the categories regularly used in judicial and governmental practice as taxonomies of offenses, categories that established a specific understanding of the social order by defining the judicial and socio-political limits of the aspirational norms of behavior in the Caribbean colony, between the liberal trienio (1820-1823) and the beginning of the island’s first war of independence (1868). This thesis is not directed by the search for a Spanish “liberal State” that would be identifiable by its 19th century colonial administration, and of which the successes, failures, strengths and weaknesses would be analyzed. Rather, it will focus on the contextualized meanings of categories such as justice, government, administration, law/rights, and order, as they were used during the first half of the 19th century in Cuba, until the outbreak of a war that would profoundly disrupt the island’s social landscape. It is from this basis that the construction of a political space will be studied, using the figures of disorder that show its limits. The reintroduction of antiquated categories such as ‘bandit’ and ‘vagabond’ is addressed from the theoretical standpoint of the incorporation of liberal political principles in the collective imaginary, through the politicization of Hispano-American societies during the 19th century. This process is understood as the creation of new social identities as a result of the reception and use of a discursive grammar connected to contractualist theories of justice and to the forms of governmental management that are associated with them. It was a process that ultimately led to the reconfiguration of the Spanish neo-imperial monarchic social order. This reconfiguration is examined in three dimensions or registers: institutional, normative, and discursive, and through the study of the management of conflicts and of the categories and concepts allowing this management to take place.