Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-29T19:59:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AilaMaropoAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1664889 bytes, checksum: 29482407c33b05eba7bdb64bb5fc4422 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-05T22:11:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AilaMaropoAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1664889 bytes, checksum: 29482407c33b05eba7bdb64bb5fc4422 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-05T22:11:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AilaMaropoAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1664889 bytes, checksum: 29482407c33b05eba7bdb64bb5fc4422 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-18 / Este estudo objetivou investigar a distribui??o espacial da mortalidade por agress?o em idosos e a correla??o com os determinantes sociais da sa?de. Trata-se de um estudo ecol?gico realizado nas Regi?es de Articula??o Urbana do Brasil entre 2009 e 2013. Os dados foram provenientes do Sistema de Informa??o sobre Mortalidade, Sistema de Indicadores de Sa?de e Acompanhamento de Pol?ticas do Idoso, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica e Atlas de Desenvolvimento Humano, coletados entre janeiro e agosto de 2015. Os ?bitos para o c?lculo da taxa de mortalidade por agress?o em idosos foram definidos segundo a Classifica??o Internacional das Doen?as - 10? Revis?o (CID-10). Foi utilizado o programa Tabwin 3.2 para a coleta de dados. Em seguida, realizou-se a an?lise estat?stica com a correla??o de Pearson, com um n?vel de signific?ncia estat?stica de 95%. Foram encontrados 12.600 ?bitos por agress?o em idosos, a maioria (85,53%) do sexo masculino, faixa et?ria de 60 a 69 anos (49,61%), ra?a/cor parda (46,39%), escolaridade de 1 a 3 anos de estudo (17,34%). O local de ocorr?ncia foi no hospital (28%) e a principal fonte de informa??o foi o boletim de ocorr?ncia (57,37%). Os tipos de causas mais frequentes foram agress?o por meio de disparo de arma de fogo ou de arma n?o especificada (X95) (37,25%) e agress?o por meio de objeto cortante ou penetrante (X99) (22,95%). A taxa de mortalidade por agress?o em idosos nacional foi de 9,97 por 100.000, as regi?es sul e sudeste foram as maiores: 18,33/100.000 e 18,42/100.000. Dentre as Unidades da Federa??o, foram: Roraima (23,51 por 100.000), Rond?nia (22,90 por 100.000), Alagoas (22,11 por 100.000), Acre (20,88 por 100.000) e Mato Grosso (20,20 por 100.000). Das Regi?es de Articula??o Urbana, as maiores taxas foram: Uruguaiana (59,87 por 100.000), Curitiba (47,75 por 100.000), S?o F?lix do Araguaia - Confresa - Vila Rica (44,32 por 100.000), Maca? (42,40 por 100.000) e Marab? (41,91 por 100.000). Na an?lise de correla??o de Pearson, as vari?veis com signific?ncia estat?stica e correla??o fraca foram: ?ndice de Gini (r=0,394, p<0,001), propor??o de idosos residentes em domic?lios na condi??o de outro parente (r=0,222, p<0,005), raz?o de depend?ncia de idosos (r=-0,399, p<0,001), propor??o de idosos que vivem em domic?lio adequado (r=-0,147, p<0,06) e mortalidade da popula??o em geral por agress?o (r=0,518, p<0,001). As altas taxas de mortalidade por viol?ncia em idosos s?o explicadas pela estrutura social, econ?mica e de sistemas pol?ticos no territ?rio brasileiro que geram iniquidades sociais, onde a viol?ncia est? arraigada a essa estrutura atingindo toda a popula??o do pa?s. / This study was intended to investigate the spatial distribution of the mortality from aggression in elderly people and the correlation with the social determinants of health. This is an ecological study held in Brazilian Regions of Urban Articulation between 2009 and 2013. Data were originated from the System on Mortality Information, System on Health Indicators and Follow-up of Policies for Elderly People, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and Atlas of Human Development, collected between January and August 2015. The deaths for calculating the mortality rate from aggression in elderly people were defined according to the International Classification of Diseases ? 10th Revision (ICD-10). The Tabwin 3.2 software was used to collect data. After that, there was the statistical analysis with the Pearson correlation, with a statistical significance level of 95%. 12.600 deaths from aggression were found in elderly people, the majority (85,53%) were male, aged from 60 to 69 years (49,61%), mixed race/color (46,39%), schooling level between 1 and 3 years of study (17,34%). The place of occurrence was in the hospital (28%) and the main source of information was the police report (57,37%). The most frequent types of causes were aggression by means of shooting of a firearm or another unspecified handgun (X95) (37,25%) and aggression by means of sharp or needle-stick objects (X99) (22,95%). The national mortality rate from aggression in elderly people was 9,97 per 100.000, and the South and Southeast regions were the most prominent: 18,33/100.000 and 18,42/100.000. Among the Federation Units, emerged: Roraima (23,51 per 100.000), Rond?nia (22,90 per 100.000), Alagoas (22,11 per 100.000), Acre (20,88 per 100.000) and Mato Grosso (20,20 per 100.000). From the Regions of Urban Articulation, the highest rates were: Uruguaiana (59,87 per 100.000), Curitiba (47,75 per 100.000), S?o F?lix do Araguaia ? Confresa ? Vila Rica (44,32 per 100.000), Maca? (42,40 per 100.000) and Marab? (41,91 per 100.000). When analyzing the Pearson correlation, the variables with statistical significance and weak correlation were: Gini index (r=0,394, p<0,001), proportion of elderly people living in domiciles in the condition of another family member (r=0,222, p<0,005), dependency ratio of elderly people (r=-0,399, p<0,001), proportion of elderly people living in appropriate domiciles (r=-0,147, p<0,06) and mortality from aggression in the general population (r=0,518, p<0,001). The high mortality rates from violence in elderly people are explained through social and economic structure and political systems within the Brazilian territory that produce social iniquities, where violence is rooted in this structure affecting the entire population of the country.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:37:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IsabelliCM_DISSERT.pdf: 1085220 bytes, checksum: 3e4aaeea15703fb5defff68874553b0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Food access, territory or reproductive partner can generate conflicts between individuals in many species with occurrence of aggressive behaviors. However some species respond less aggressively to intrusion by neighbors than non-neighbors in its territory to minimize the costs of continuous fight. This difference in aggression is called Dear Enemy Effect described in various vertebrates and invertebrates. To investigate if this phenomenon occurs in Dinoponera quadriceps (Hymenopetra, Formicidae) three colonies, two neighbors and one non-neighbor, were captured in its natural environment then transfered to the laboratory where we did experimental confrontation intra and inter colonies involving one pair of workers. We compared the behavioral frequency exhibited by each worker, the intensity and duration of the confrontation between a neighbor and a non-neighbor referring the place where they were collected. Our results revealed that Dear Enemy Effect does not apply to D. quadriceps due aggressive response is more intense and longest toward neighbor than non-neighbor, probably due intra specific competition, ecological factors and characteristic of the species / O acesso a fonte de alimentos, territ?rio ou parceiros reprodutivos pode gerar conflitos de interesses entre indiv?duos em v?rias esp?cies de animais. Entretanto, v?rios animais respondem menos agressivamente ? entrada de seus vizinhos do que a entrada de n?ovizinhos em seus territ?rios, como forma de minimizar os custos de uma agress?o cont?nua. Essa diferen?a na resposta agressiva ? conhecida por Efeito Inimigo ?ntimo, descrito em v?rias esp?cies de vertebrados e invertebrados. Para investigar se este fen?meno ocorre em Dinoponera quadriceps (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), tr?s col?nias, sendo duas vizinhas e uma distante, foram coletadas em seu ambiente natural e transferidas para o laborat?rio onde foram conduzidos confrontos experimentais intra e entre col?nias, envolvendo um par de oper?rias. Comparamos a frequ?ncia comportamental exibida por cada oper?ria envolvida nos confrontos, assim como a intensidade e a dura??o dos confrontos entre col?nias vizinhas e distantes com refer?ncia do local de coleta. Nossos resultados revelam que o Efeito Inimigo ?ntimo n?o ? aplic?vel ? D. quadriceps, pois resposta agressiva ? mais intensa e duradoura entre oper?rias vizinhas do que entre distantes, provavelmente devido ? competi??o intraespec?fica, fatores ecol?gicos e caracter?sticas da esp?cie.