Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has been demonstrated to be an effective addition to traditional medical practice. However, patient awareness of CAM techniques may be low, particularly in rural areas. The aim of this study is to measure adult patient interest in CAM, particularly Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMT), acupuncture, meditation, nutrition, and breathing techniques in a community Family Medicine practice. An anonymous survey was given to 200 adult patients in an outpatient clinic over the course of 3 months. Survey items were designed to assess if patients were aware of CAM, if they had experience with any of the mentioned modalities, if they were interested in the mentioned modalities, and which CAM services patients would like to see offered in clinic. In regards to having heard of CAM, 57.3% of patients had reported that they were aware of CAM, while 42.7% were not. Of those that had heard of CAM, 42.4% had experience with OMT, 55.1% had experienced acupuncture, 7.6% had experienced breathing techniques group, 14.4% had experienced nutrition groups, and 5.1% had experienced meditation groups. 22.3% of patients were not interested in any form of CAM being offered in clinic, while 77.7 were interested in at least one type of CAM. OMT held the highest rating among interested patients, with 29.1% wanting to see it offered in clinic. These results indicate that, while many patients were not aware of CAM, there was nonetheless a high degree of interest in seeing CAM techniques offered. The implication of this study is that CAM should be implemented in the clinic as soon as possible. Future research should assess the degree to which patients actually utilize these services, once offered.

Introduktion/Bakgrund: En procent av världens befolkning är drabbade av den kroniska autoimmuna inflammatoriska sjukdomen Reumatoid artrit (RA) som kan orsaka värk, trötthet, stela leder, svullnad och som bidrar till minskad livskvalitet. I dagsläget är den farmakologiska behandlingen en central del av patienternas liv vilket kan bromsa sjukdomsförloppet men inte bota den. Litteraturstudien undersöker hur alternativa behandlingsmetoder upplevs av patienter med RA. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa patienters upplevelser av alternativa behandlingsmetoder vid RA. Metod: Litteraturstudien genomfördes utifrån Polit och Becks (2021) nio steg. Litteratursökningarna gjordes i databaserna Cinahl och PubMed. Tio artiklar var relevanta för litteraturstudiens syfte och granskades med hjälp av granskningsmallar. Resultat: Resultatet baseras på tio vetenskapliga artiklar, sju kvalitativa och två kvantitativa, samt att en artikel hade mixad metod. I sammanställningen framkom två teman: Positiva upplevelser och Negativa upplevelser. Slutsats: Alternativa behandlingsmetoder bidrog till att majoriteten av patienterna upplevde minskad smärta, ångest och depression. De upplevde även att socialt stöd från andra patienter bidrog till positivt välmående samt ökat självförtroende.

The aims of the current investigation are to (1) examine the directive mechanism of selective attention on energy as measured by body temperature and to (2) assess the clinical impact of a meditation practice that uses this directive mechanism of selective attention. Despite the recent surge of interest in Eastern contemplative and medicinal practices, there exists a large gap between teachings of such Eastern traditions and empirical research findings of psychology in the West. Specifically, Eastern thought has for millennia emphasized the role of attention or intent in directing energy within the body, and importantly, the role that this phenomenon has on mental and physical health. Conversely, Western psychology has largely conceptualized attention as an unidirectional information-processing mechanism, not as an agent through which energy is directed. The present study contains two experiments that respectively incorporate a basic science approach to identify an alternative function of selective attention and an applied science approach to explore the clinical efficacy of a focused attention dantian (area in the lower abdomen) meditation practice compared to that of a standard Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) practice. Experiment 1 (N = 12) tested through an experimental design whether selective attention can function as a directive mechanism for energy by measuring bilateral hand temperatures. Experiment 2 (N = 16) measured various health and psychological indices before and after a six-week meditation practice in either a dantian-focused method or an MBSR practice. Findings suggest that selective attention does in fact function as a directive mechanism for energy within the body and that the use of this method within the context of a dantian meditation practice improves aspects of mental health more efficaciously than an MBSR practice. This study ultimately seeks to interpret a traditional Eastern understanding of attention and its implications for health through the lens of empirical Western psychology.

Thesis (M.Pharm. (Pharmacy Practice)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / Developing countries face huge challenges in provision of pharmaceutical care whereas some developed countries have developed and implemented measure to improve pharmaceutical care through collaborative practices. Collaborative patient care is referred to as the cooperative work or practice by healthcare professionals assuming complementary roles and sharing responsibilities for decision making and problem solving to formulate and furnish quality patient care. Pharmaceutical care is governed by the principles and philosophy of patient centred pharmacy practice, where the main responsibilities, roles or action of a pharmacist are based on patient care. Collaborative pharmaceutical care practice for outpatient requires collaborative action of a pharmacist with other healthcare practitioners. Pharmacist-medical practitioner collaborative care practice is one of the recently emerging aspects in developing countries’ hospitals such as in South Africa which can enhance patient care. Method A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with a purposeful sample of 8 pharmacists and 9 medical practitioners at Mankweng Hospital in Limpopo province, South Africa. In the study we used audiotaped interviews that were transcribed exactly as said and analysed using thematic content analysis. Results Three main themes emerged from the study’s interview analysis, description of the current relationship and collaborative practices; the perspective of the pharmacists and medical practitioners on collaboration; the barriers affecting pharmacist-medical practitioner collaboration; and recommendations on the ways, strategy and model to improve pharmacists-medical practitioner collaboration. This highlighted that the relationship among pharmacists and medical practitioners is moderate and there a need for improvement in the relationship. The recommendations range from established xv educational and interactional platforms, improved resource supply, clarity in terms of roles and responsibilities and enhanced managerial structures and functions. Conclusion The current relationship among pharmacists and medical practitioners is moderate. There is still a need for improvement in the relationship to achieve quality collaborative practice for pharmaceutical care in outpatient.

Despite PPD’s global extent, scarce research that addresses culturally competent alternative interventions exists. The purposes of this thesis were to 1) analyze the existing literature on non-pharmacological treatment of PPD in the US and across selected cultures; 2) determine the effectiveness of cross-cultural non-pharmaceutical therapy; and 3) examine and suggest ways health care providers can integrate non-pharmacologic interventions into PPD treatment in the US. The systematic electronic search comprised the databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medline, PsycINFO and SAGE Research Methods. Searches were limited to English language, peer reviewed, and research articles between 2007 and 2017. A second search was performed through global Healthcare Organizations websites. The World Bank’s country classifications by income level were adopted to present the findings. This review found that passing el calor to the newborn, yoga; and cognitive-behavioral, interpersonal, family, and bright light therapies are successful interventions. Further, seclusion periods were identified as adequate interventions only when women voluntarily adopt the practice and have family support, with less social restrictions. While other non-pharmacological treatments’ effectiveness was not ascertained, this thesis encourages healthcare professionals to integrate cultural traditions congruent with clients’ preferences. Recommended nursing interventions and suggestions for improvement of current practice are also discussed.

Bakgrund  Depression och ångest är två vanliga tillstånd som kan ha stor påverkan på individens livskvalitet. Idag erbjuds i första hand antidepressiva läkemedel och samtalsterapi, trots att det finns en relativt stor efterfrågan på komplementära och alternativa behandlingar hos patienterna. Sjuksköterskor har visat sig vara öppna för användningen av komplementär och alternativ medicin, men många saknar kunskap om hur det kan implementeras i omvårdnaden och behandlingen. Denna litteraturöversikt utforskar hur komplementär och alternativ medicin kan vara ett gynnsamt komplement till den konventionella vården. Syfte Syftet var att beskriva effekten av komplementär och alternativ medicin i behandling och omvårdnad av depression och ångest. Metod  Metoden som användes var en icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt. De 20 originalartiklar som inkluderades i litteraturöversiktens resultat hittades via databasen PubMed samt via manuell sökning. Artiklarna granskades i fulltext enligt Sophiahemmet Högskolas bedömningsunderlag för vetenskaplig klassificering samt kvalitet avseende studier med kvantitativ och kvalitativ metodansats, modifierad utifrån Berg (1999) och Willman (2016). Slutligen användes en integrerad dataanalys för att analysera och sammanställa resultatet.  Resultat Denna studies resultat redovisades i två huvudkategorier med fyra subkategorier och visade på att komplementär och alternativ medicin har positiva effekter på den psykiska hälsan hos personer som lider av depression och ångest. Slutsats Litteraturöversikten studerade akupunktur, mindfulness meditation, yoga och örtterapi som visade sig ha god effekt på depression och ångest. Personerna som deltog i inkluderade studier skattade sig ha ett förbättrat mående efter interventioner och upplevde dessutom en ökad livskvalitet. Få eller inga biverkningar rapporterades av deltagarna och således anses komplementära och alternativa metoder i hög grad vara användbara både som komplement till en konventionell behandling och som behandling på egen hand. / Background Depression and anxiety are two common conditions that have a big impact on the quality of life. Today, antidepressants and psychotherapy are primarily offered even though there is a relatively large request for complementary and alternative options in treatment among patients. Nurses have proven to be open to the use of complementary and alternative medicine, but many lack knowledge of how it can be implemented in nursing and treatment. This review analyzes how complementary and alternative medicine can be used as a complement to conventional care. Aim The aim was to describe the effect of complementary and alternative medicine in the care and treatment of depression and anxiety. Method The method used was a non-systematic review. The 20 original articles that were included in the study were found via PubMed database as well as via a manual search. The articles were reviewed in full text according to Sophiahemmet University's assessment document for scientific classification and quality regarding studies with a quantitative and qualitative method approach, modified based on Berg (1999) and Willman (2016). Lastly, an integrated data analysis was used to analyze and compile the results. Results The result of this study was presented in two categories with four subcategories, and showed that complementary and alternative medicine have positive effects on the mental health of people suffering from depression and anxiety. Conclusions The literature review studied acupuncture, mindfulness meditation, yoga and herbal medicine which were found to have good effects on depression and anxiety. The people who participated in the studies estimated that they felt better after interventions and also experienced an increased quality of life. In addition, few or no side effects were experienced, which makes the CAM methods highly useful within the treatment of depression and anxiety; both as a complement to conventional care and as treatment on their own.

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