Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-11T12:55:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 -Caroline Duarte Ribeiro Saad.pdf: 2978508 bytes, checksum: f9f5e929ce4a24c4f1d5568ac64c15ce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T12:55:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 -Caroline Duarte Ribeiro Saad.pdf: 2978508 bytes, checksum: f9f5e929ce4a24c4f1d5568ac64c15ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / In order to investigate and identify anisakid larvae present in the viscera, the general cavity, mesentery and muscles of marine fish of commercial importance from the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were examined 36 specimens of Lophius gastrophysus, 34 specimens Pagrus pagrus and four specimens of Trichiurus lepturus. The vast majority of fish used was obtained from fish warehouses located in Cabo Frio coast of Rio de Janeiro (23? S and 42 ? W), 36 specimens of L. gastrophysus and 31 P. pagrus. We also obtained three specimens of P. pagrus and four T. lepturus at Mercado S?o Braz, located in Campo Grande, west of the city of Rio de Janeiro, commum fish fauna from the coast of Rio de Janeiro, (21- 23 ? S and 41-45 ? W). Six anisakid species of nematode larvae were found in the mesentery, the general cavity, liver and muscles. Those species are: Anisakis simplex, Terranova sp. Contracaecum sp. Hysterothylacium sp.1, sp.2 and Raphidascaris sp.. Anisakis simplex larvae were found in L. gastrophysus with prevalence (P) of 22.2% and mean abundance (MA) 0.53 for T. lepturus P = 50%; Terranova sp. From L. gastrophysus P = 8.3% and AM = 0.08, T. lepturus P = 25% and P. pagrus P = 5.8%; Contracaecum sp. From L.gastrophysus P = 8.3% and AM = 0.08; Hysterothylacium sp.1 from T. lepturus P = 75% and P. pagrus from P = 100%; Hysterothylacium sp.2 from L. gastrophysus P = 25% and AM = 0.47 and T. lepturus with P = 25%; Raphidascaris sp. From L. gastrophysus from P = 11.1% and AM = 0.42 and P. pagrus from P = 55.8%. These nematodes are described and illustrated herein. A revision of available literature, concerning nematodes belonging to these genera, was made. This is the first record of occurrence of Anisakis simplex, Terranova sp. e Contracaeum sp. parasitizing L. gastrophysus the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro. It was concluded that infection in fish of high consumption and commercial importance, make the consumption of these fish, especially without prior adequate thermal processing, a potential risk from the point of view public health. / Com o objetivo de pesquisar e identificar as larvas de anisak?deos presentes nas v?sceras, cavidade geral, mesent?rio e musculatura de peixes marinhos de import?ncia comercial provenientes do litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, foram examinados 36 esp?cimes de Lophius gastrophysus, 34 esp?cimes de Pagrus pagrus e 4 esp?cimes de Trichiurus lepturus. A grande maioria dos peixes utilizados foi obtida de entrepostos de pescados localizados em Cabo Frio, litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro (23? S e 42? W), sendo 36 exemplares da esp?cie L. gastrophysus e 31 de P. pagrus. Foram obtidos ainda 3 exemplares de P. pagrus e 4 de T. lepturus no Mercado S?o Braz, localizado em Campo Grande, zona oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, peixes estes oriundos da costa mar?tima do estado do Rio de Janeiro, (21-23? S e 41-45? W). Seis esp?cies de larvas de nemat?ides anisak?deos foram encontradas, Anisakis simplex, Terranova sp., Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp.1, Hysterothylacium sp.2 e Raphidascaris sp., provenientes do mesent?rio, cavidade geral, f?gado e musculatura. Larvas de Anisakis simplex foram encontradas em L. gastrophysus com preval?ncia (P) de 22,2% e abund?ncia m?dia (AM) 0,53 e em T. lepturus com P=50%; Terranova sp. em L. gastrophysus com P=8,3% e AM=0,08, em T. lepturus com P=25% e P. pagrus com P=5,8%; Contracaecum sp. em L. gastrophysus com P=8,3% e AM=0,08; Hysterothylacium sp.1 em T. lepturus com P=75% e em P. pagrus com P=100%; Hysterothylacium sp.2 em L. gastrophysus com P=25% e AM=0,47 e em T. lepturus com P=25%; Raphidascaris sp. em L. gastrophysus com P=11,1% e AM=0,42 e em P. pagrus com P=55,8%. Estes nemat?ides foram descritos e ilustrados, junto ? revis?o da literatura existente a respeito dos nemat?ides pertencentes aos presentes g?neros. Este ? o primeiro registro da ocorr?ncia de Anisakis simplex, Terranova sp. e Contracaeum sp., parasitando L. gastrophysus do litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Concluiu-se que a presen?a de larvas de anisak?deos dos presentes g?neros com preval?ncias de infec??o consider?veis em peixes de elevado consumo e import?ncia comercial, torna o consumo destes peixes, principalmente sem pr?vio e adequado processamento t?rmico, um risco em potencial sob o ponto de vista de sa?de p?blica.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-21T10:29:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Caroline Duarte Ribeiro Saad.pdf: 2978488 bytes, checksum: 8e2ece3be63cb39291f012f0bb36a1dc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-21T10:29:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Caroline Duarte Ribeiro Saad.pdf: 2978488 bytes, checksum: 8e2ece3be63cb39291f012f0bb36a1dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / In order to investigate and identify anisakid larvae present in the viscera, the general cavity, mesentery and muscles of marine fish of commercial importance from the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were examined 36 specimens of Lophius gastrophysus, 34 specimens Pagrus pagrus and four specimens of Trichiurus lepturus. The vast majority of fish used was obtained from fish warehouses located in Cabo Frio coast of Rio de Janeiro (23? S and 42 ? W), 36 specimens of L. gastrophysus and 31 P. pagrus. We also obtained three specimens of P. pagrus and four T. lepturus at Mercado S?o Braz, located in Campo Grande, west of the city of Rio de Janeiro, commum fish fauna from the coast of Rio de Janeiro, (21- 23 ? S and 41-45 ? W). Six anisakid species of nematode larvae were found in the mesentery, the general cavity, liver and muscles. Those species are: Anisakis simplex, Terranova sp. Contracaecum sp. Hysterothylacium sp.1, sp.2 and Raphidascaris sp.. Anisakis simplex larvae were found in L. gastrophysus with prevalence (P) of 22.2% and mean abundance (MA) 0.53 for T. lepturus P = 50%; Terranova sp. From L. gastrophysus P = 8.3% and AM = 0.08, T. lepturus P = 25% and P. pagrus P = 5.8%; Contracaecum sp. From L.gastrophysus P = 8.3% and AM = 0.08; Hysterothylacium sp.1 from T. lepturus P = 75% and P. pagrus from P = 100%; Hysterothylacium sp.2 from L. gastrophysus P = 25% and AM = 0.47 and T. lepturus with P = 25%; Raphidascaris sp. From L. gastrophysus from P = 11.1% and AM = 0.42 and P. pagrus from P = 55.8%. These nematodes are described and illustrated herein. A revision of available literature, concerning nematodes belonging to these genera, was made. This is the first record of occurrence of Anisakis simplex, Terranova sp. e Contracaeum sp. parasitizing L. gastrophysus the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro. It was concluded that infection in fish of high consumption and commercial importance, make the consumption of these fish, especially without prior adequate thermal processing, a potential risk from the point of view public health / Com o objetivo de pesquisar e identificar as larvas de anisak?deos presentes nas v?sceras, cavidade geral, mesent?rio e musculatura de peixes marinhos de import?ncia comercial provenientes do litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, foram examinados 36 esp?cimes de Lophius gastrophysus, 34 esp?cimes de Pagrus pagrus e 4 esp?cimes de Trichiurus lepturus. A grande maioria dos peixes utilizados foi obtida de entrepostos de pescados localizados em Cabo Frio, litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro (23? S e 42? W), sendo 36 exemplares da esp?cie L. gastrophysus e 31 de P. pagrus. Foram obtidos ainda 3 exemplares de P. pagrus e 4 de T. lepturus no Mercado S?o Braz, localizado em Campo Grande, zona oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, peixes estes oriundos da costa mar?tima do estado do Rio de Janeiro, (21-23? S e 41-45? W). Seis esp?cies de larvas de nemat?ides anisak?deos foram encontradas, Anisakis simplex, Terranova sp., Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp.1, Hysterothylacium sp.2 e Raphidascaris sp., provenientes do mesent?rio, cavidade geral, f?gado e musculatura. Larvas de Anisakis simplex foram encontradas em L. gastrophysus com preval?ncia (P) de 22,2% e abund?ncia m?dia (AM) 0,53 e em T. lepturus com P=50%; Terranova sp. em L. gastrophysus com P=8,3% e AM=0,08, em T. lepturus com P=25% e P. pagrus com P=5,8%; Contracaecum sp. em L. gastrophysus com P=8,3% e AM=0,08; Hysterothylacium sp.1 em T. lepturus com P=75% e em P. pagrus com P=100%; Hysterothylacium sp.2 em L. gastrophysus com P=25% e AM=0,47 e em T. lepturus com P=25%; Raphidascaris sp. em L. gastrophysus com P=11,1% e AM=0,42 e em P. pagrus com P=55,8%. Estes nemat?ides foram descritos e ilustrados, junto ? revis?o da literatura existente a respeito dos nemat?ides pertencentes aos presentes g?neros. Este ? o primeiro registro da ocorr?ncia de Anisakis simplex, Terranova sp. e Contracaeum sp., parasitando L. gastrophysus do litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Concluiu-se que a presen?a de larvas de anisak?deos dos presentes g?neros com preval?ncias de infec??o consider?veis em peixes de elevado consumo e import?ncia comercial, torna o consumo destes peixes, principalmente sem pr?vio e adequado processamento t?rmico, um risco em potencial sob o ponto de vista de sa?de p?blica.

Les genres Anisakis, Pseudoterranova, Hysterothylacium et Contracaecum, membres de la famille des Anisakidae, sont des nématodes dont les larves sont présentes chez de nombreuses espèces de poissons et céphalopodes. Ces larves peuvent induire des pathologies digestives et/ou allergiques chez l’Homme. En France, la consommation des produits de la pêche, surtout crus ou peu cuits est en augmentation. Ce travail de thèse s’intègre dans le programme ANR Fish-Parasites, financé par l’ANR (ANR-10-ALIA-004). Il a pour but d’évaluer les risques liés à la consommation des produits de la pêche et pour objectif principal d’étudier la répartition des Anisakidae dans les produits de la pêche. _x000D_Le plan d’échantillonnage a été établi suite à une analyse de type risk-ranking utilisant les données de consommation, l’origine géographique, des données de prévalence déjà existantes sur les Anisakidae. Au total, 1768 poissons appartenant à 18 espèces ont été collectés. L’ensemble des organes a été disséqué pour isoler les parasites. Ceux-ci ont été identifiés selon 2 méthodes : i) analyse individuelle par séquençage Sanger pour les organes ayant moins de 11 nématodes ii) analyse en pool par séquençage à haut débit (HTS) pour le reste. Le développement de plusieurs outils (création d’une base de séquences de référence, conception des amorces, mise au point de la préparation de matrice de séquençage et développement d’un pipeline d’analyse automatisé) a été nécessaire pour la mise en place de la méthode HTS. A partir des résultats obtenus, une acquisition et une structuration des données de prévalence des parasites potentiellement pathogènes pour l’Homme et présents dans les produits de la pêche couramment consommés a pu être réalisée.Sur 1 768 poissons échantillonnés, deux espèces n’étaient pas du tout parasitées : plies (Pleuronectes platessa) et saumon Atlantique (Salmo salar) d’élevage. 43,30 % des poissons n’étaient pas infectés par des Anisakidae. Sur la totalité des poissons, 28,62 % étaient infectés au niveau des viscères ; 22,96% dans les viscères et les filets et 5,49 % n’étaient infectés par des Anisakidae que dans les filets.Les cinq espèces de poisson dont la prévalence dans les filets était la plus élevée étaient : la lingue bleue (100 %), la cardine franche (70 %), le lieu noir (63 %), la baudroie (61 %) et le merlu (60 %).Les Anisakidae les plus identifiés étaient : Anisakis simplex, Anisakis pegreffii, Hysterothylacium aduncum, Pseudoterranova krabbeii.Anisakis a été retrouvé dans toutes les localisations et généralement de façon plus importante, Contracaecum a été retrouvé principalement dans le foie, Hysterothylacium dans la cavité corporelle et Pseudoterranova dans les filets et la cavité corporelle.Anisakis simplex était présent dans toutes les zones de pêches sauf dans le golfe du Lion. La zone des eaux féringiennes était la zone dans laquelle la diversité des Anisakidae était la plus importante sur une seule espèce de poisson échantillonnée (lingue bleue).L’étude statistique logistique multivariée a montré que la variable espèce et la variable taille du poisson influencent la prévalence d’Anisakis et Pseudoterranova dans les filets.Le HTS sur le PGM™ Ion Torrent s’est révélé être un outil puissant et innovant permettant l’analyse d’un grand nombre d‘échantillons d’Anisakidés à moindre coût, en peu de temps et avec un résultat équivalent à la méthode individuelle par séquençage Sanger. / Anisakis, Pseudoterranova, Hysterothylacium and Contracaecum genera, members of the Anisakids family, are nematodes which larvae are recovered from numerous fish and cephalopods species. These larvae may induce digestive and/or allergic pathologies in human being. In France, the consumption of fishery products, mostly raw or undercooked is increasing. This PhD work is part of the research program Fish-Parasites funded by the ANR (ANR-10-ALIA-004). It aimed to assess risks related to fishery products consumption and its main goal was to study the distribution of Anisakids in fishery products.The sampling plan was based on a risk-ranking analysis using data on fishery products consumption, fishing areas and prevalence data from previous work on Anisakids. A total of 1 768 fish from 18 species were collected. All the organs were dissected for parasites isolation. Parasites were identified using two approaches : i) single analysis by Sanger sequencing for organs containing less than 11 nematodes ii) pooled analysis by high throughput sequencing (HTS) for the remaining. The development of numerous tools (database creation with reference sequences, primers design, set up of the sequencing template preparation and development of an automatic analytical pipeline) was necessary for the HTS method set up. From the sequencing results, acquisition and structuring of the prevalence data has been carried out on parasites potentially pathogenic for human being and recovered from commonly consumed fishery products.On 1 768 sampled fish, two species were not parasitized at all: plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) and aquacultured Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). 43.30 % of the fish were not infected by Anisakids. Concerning infected fish, 28.62% were contaminated in the visceral organs; 22.96% in both visceral organs and fillets and, finally, 5.49% of the fish were infected by Anisakids only in fillets.The five fish species with an elevated prevalence in their fillets were by decreasing values: blue ling (100 %), megrim (70 %), saithe (63 %), monkfish (61 %) and hake (60 %). The most identified Anisakids were: Anisakis simplex, Anisakis pegreffii, Hysterothylacium aduncum, Pseudoterranova krabbeii.Anisakis has been recovered in all the localisations and generally in higher quantities, Contracaecum has mainly been recovered from the liver, Hysterothylacium from the corporal cavity and Pseudoterranova from both fillets and corporal cavity. Anisakis simplex was isolated from all the fishing areas except for the Lion Gulf and it was the genus with the most important number of individuals. The zone of Feroan waters was the region with the most important diversity of Anisakids into a single sampled fish species (blue ling).The multivariate logistic statistical study showed that the fish species and size affect the prevalence of Anisakis and Pseudoterranova in fish fillets.HTS with the PGM™ Ion Torrent proved to be a powerful and innovative tool for the analysis of large numbers of Anisakids samples with low cost, in a shorter time and with a result equivalent to the individual method of Sanger sequencing.