SAMMANFATTNING Hydroterapi har under en längre tid använts som behandlingsform, men det är brist på forskning inom området. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka upplevelsen av hydroterapi hos personer med reumatisk sjukdom. En kvalitativ ansats anlades och enskilda semistrukturerade intervjuer användes. Deltagarna rekryterades genom bekvämlighetsurval via en kontakt på en reumatologklinik. Sex personer inkluderades: fem hade reumatoid artrit och en hade pelvospondylit. Resultatet tolkades med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, som visade på att deltagarna i denna studie var positivt inställda till hydroterapi. Deltagarna upplevde att hydroterapin ledde till minskad smärta, ökad rörlighet samt ett ökat välmående. Utöver de upplevda positiva effekterna återfanns även upplevda negativa effekter i form av träningsvärk och en ökad stelhet under sommaruppehållen. Det sociala samspel som uppstod i samband med hydroterapin upplevdes av de flesta deltagare ha haft positiv betydelse. Deltagarnas upplevelser kunde i diskussionen kopplas till operant och respondent inlärningsteori, där tänkbara konsekvenser och stimulin identifierades. Slutsatsen som drogs var att deltagarna upplevde hydroterapin som ett sätt att få tillbaka sin friska kropp genom att symtomen minskade. Då deltagarna upplevde att uppehåll orsakade försämring behövs hydroterapi som kontinuerlig behandlingsform för dem. Vidare forskning inom området bör fokuseras på enskilda patientgrupper samt inkludera ett större antal deltagare per patientgrupp. Nyckelord: hydroterapi, intervju, kvalitativ, pelvospondylit, reumatoid artrit.

Abstract can be viewed in PDF document. / Thesis (Ph.D)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2008.

No description available.

No description available.

Introduction: Patient education is an important part of the management of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Given that patients with diverse diseases do not have the same needs, it is crucial to assess the educational requirements of targeted groups to provide tailored educational interventions. The aim of our study was to assess educational needs of a large cohort of patients with different rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases attending a health facility in Austria. Methods: We assessed educational needs, via an online survey of patients with fibromyalgia (FMS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) recruited from an Austrian health-care facility, using the Austrian version of the Educational Needs Assessment Tool (OENAT). Results: For our sample of 603 patients, AS (62%), RA (15%), and FMS (24%), there were no educational need differences for the domains of movements, disease process, and self-help measures. Patients with FMS had less need for pain management education and greater need for education about feelings, than other disease groups. Patients with RA had a greater need for education related to treatments than other groups, and patients with AS had a greater need for treatment education than patients with FMS. Patients with AS reported greater need for support system education than other patient groups. Conclusion: Educational needs vary by disease groups, suggesting that health-care professionals should assess disease-specific needs for education to provide optimal assistance in disease management for patients.

Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate potential associations between periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and tooth loss with disease-related parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: Patients who attended the Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Germany, were included. The oral examination comprised the detection of the number of remaining teeth and periodontal condition based on staging and grading matrix. Based on periodontal pockets with positive bleeding on probing, the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was determined. Disease related parameters were extracted from the patients’ records. Results: In total, 101 (RA) and 32 participants (AS) were included. Patients with RA had 22.85 ± 4.26 and AS patients 24.34 ± 5.47 remaining teeth (p < 0.01). Periodontitis stage III and IV was present in 91% (RA) and 81.2% (AS) of patients (p = 0.04). Associations between PISA and disease-related parameters were not found in both groups (p > 0.05). In RA, a higher age (p < 0.01), C-reactive protein (p = 0.02), disease activity (p < 0.01) and prednisolone intake (p < 0.01) were associated with fewer remaining teeth. In AS, a higher age (p = 0.02) and increased Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (p = 0.02) were associated with a lower number of remaining teeth. Conclusions: Tooth loss is associated with disease activity, especially in RA individuals. Dental care to prevent tooth loss might be recommendable to positively influence oral health condition and disease activity in RA and SA patients.

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and Chronic Pain Syndrome (CPS) can be treated in many different ways. I found a problem in the balance of healing modalities surrounding diagnosis and care of illness and disease. This struggle is not singular to AS and CPS, but universal to physical and mental concerns. Some effective treatments and therapies are not recognized as such or are just beginning to become so. The scope of my work reflects on the course of my life. It was heavily influenced by the way my medical care was managed from an early age and how it evolved over the years. Through my educational program, I examined the necessity to bridge the gap between treatment paradigms and to expand on a broader, more inclusive, healing rubric. This rubric includes a broader emphasis on skill-based and complementary and alternative medicines. The viability to incorporate holistic health therapies earlier in life is explored through my use of the Scholarly Personal Narrative (SPN) qualitative research method. I chose this methodology because scientific fact could be argued either way for one therapeutic approach over another. By incorporating lived experience through SPN the union and cohesion necessary in all healing modalities, and their positive aspects, can be seen. The truth becomes self-evident. The results of this examination showed awareness earlier in life toward alternative and holistic treatments being paramount. Parents and educators lack information concerning modern therapeutic approaches. It also showed each situation will vary, but choice in treatment for ailments and illness of all kinds is not only viable, but highly recommended and researched. Access issues such as health insurance remain obstacles with some treatments and therapies, while others are a matter of cost prohibition, such as nutrition therapies. The implications of my work indicate a need for earlier incorporation of holistic healing programs and skill based therapies alongside perpetuated medical models in early childhood development and education. In conclusion, awareness towards medical concerns and how we as a society treat them can be improved upon by systemically incorporating less harmful therapies earlier in life. Fostering relations between medical providers, care providers and educators for students' wellbeing should be the foreground of any educational policy. Educators and parents alike should be made aware of and take advantage of effective skill-based treatments before a physical or mental condition surfaces or medication only approaches are authoritatively recommended. Integrating programs that build strong mental resilience and focus on youth development and education can reduce the necessity for more invasive treatments or medications should an ailment or illness develop.

Name of diploma thesis: Physical activity and body composition in patients with ankylosing spondylitis Prepared by: Bc. Lucie Srovnalíková Supervisor: PhDr. Andrea Levitová, Ph.D. Target: The findings the size of physical activity and body composition in the groups of patients with ankylosing spondylitis with different duration of disease and subsequent comparison of the size of physical activity with selected health recommendations for a healthy population. Methods: The sample consists of participants (10 women and 36 men, n = 46, 42.8 ± 11.3 years old) with clinically diagnosed disease ankylosing spondylitis who have been outpatiently visiting Rheumatology institute in Prague. The sample was divided into three groups according to the duration of disease (1st group 0-6 years, 2nd group 7 -14 years, 3rd group 3-15 years). Accelerometer ActiGraph GT3X was used for determine the size of weekly physical activity. Bioelectrical impedance using a BIA 2000 was used to assess the body composition. Results: From the perspective of the physical activity health recommendations all three groups met health recommendation for minimum amount of moderate-intensity physical activity throughout the week (150 minutes). Neither group, however, did not meet health recommendation for minimum average daily number of...

Objetivo: Avaliar a função testicular em pacientes do sexo masculino com espondilite anquilosante (EA). Métodos: Vinte pacientes com EA e vinte e quatro adultos masculinos saudáveis foram avaliados quanto às características demográficas, exame urológico, ultrassonografia testicular, avaliações dos espermatozóides, anticorpo anti-espermatozóide e perfil hormonal. Critérios de seleção foram: período de pelo menos 3 meses sem o uso de sulfasalazina e metotrexato e nunca terem usado agentes biológicos ou imunossupressores. As avaliações da EA incluíram investigações clínica e laboratorial. Resultados: A mediana da idade atual foi similar no grupo controle e EA (p=0,175). A freqüência de varicocele foi significantemente maior nos pacientes com EA em comparação com os controles (40% vs 8%, p=0,027). A mediana das formas normais de espermatozóides foi similar em pacientes com EA versus controles [17,25 (2-32,5) vs. 22,5 (1,5-45)%, p=0,215], assim como os outros parâmetros dos espermatozóides (p>0,05). Em contraste, a mediana das formas normais de espermatozóides foi significantemente menor em pacientes com EA com varicocele versus aqueles sem varicocele [13,5 (2-27) vs. 22 (10-32,5)%, p=0,049]. Reforçando esse achado, não foi observada nenhuma diferença nesse parâmetro comparando pacientes com EA e controles sem varicocele (p=0,670). Além disso, outros fatores relevantes para a disfunção testicular (anticorpo anti-espermatozóide, hormônios, marcadores inflamatórios e escores da EA) foram comparáveis em pacientes com e sem varicocele (p>0,05). Conclusão: Nós identificamos uma freqüência alta de varicocele em pacientes com EA associada a anormalidades espermáticas, contudo sem associação com tratamento, anticorpos anti-espermatozóides, alterações hormonais ou parâmetros da doença. A exclusão desses fatores sugere que a varicocele pode ser a responsável pela disfunção testicular em pacientes com EA e não o processo da doença ou a autoimunidade. Investigação da varicocele deve ser sempre realizada em pacientes com EA e problemas de fertilidade / Objective: To assess reproductive function in male ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients in comparison to healthy controls. Methods: 20 AS patients were compared to 24 male healthy subjects in regard to demographic data, urologic examination, testicular ultrasound (US), semen analysis, anti-sperm antibodies and hormone profile. Exclusion criteria were present use of sulfasalazine or methotrexate, and ever use of biological/cytotoxic agents. Disease activity of AS was evaluated by clinical and laboratory assessments. Results: Demographic data were similar in AS and controls (p=0.175). Varicocele was significantly more frequently found in AS patients than in controls (40% vs. 8%, p=0.027). Semen analysis revealed no significant differences in sperm quality between AS patients and controls (p>0.05). In contrast, the median of normal sperm forms was significantly lower in AS patients with versus those without varicocele [13.5 (2-27) vs. 22 (10-32.5) %, p=0.049] whereas no difference in sperm morphology was observed comparing AS patients and controls without varicocele (p=0.670). Comparison of AS patients with and without varicocele showed that anti-sperm antibodies, hormones, inflammatory markers and disease activity scores did not contribute to the impaired sperm morphology observed in AS patients with varicocele. Conclusion: An increased frequency of varicocele was found in AS patients associated with sperm abnormalities, but independent of therapy, anti-sperm antibodies, hormonal alterations or disease parameters. The exclusion of these factors suggests that varicocele may underlie testicular dysfunction in AS patients and not the disease process or autoimmunity. Investigation for varicocele should be done in AS patients with fertility problems

Objetivo: Avaliar a função testicular em pacientes do sexo masculino com espondilite anquilosante (EA). Métodos: Vinte pacientes com EA e vinte e quatro adultos masculinos saudáveis foram avaliados quanto às características demográficas, exame urológico, ultrassonografia testicular, avaliações dos espermatozóides, anticorpo anti-espermatozóide e perfil hormonal. Critérios de seleção foram: período de pelo menos 3 meses sem o uso de sulfasalazina e metotrexato e nunca terem usado agentes biológicos ou imunossupressores. As avaliações da EA incluíram investigações clínica e laboratorial. Resultados: A mediana da idade atual foi similar no grupo controle e EA (p=0,175). A freqüência de varicocele foi significantemente maior nos pacientes com EA em comparação com os controles (40% vs 8%, p=0,027). A mediana das formas normais de espermatozóides foi similar em pacientes com EA versus controles [17,25 (2-32,5) vs. 22,5 (1,5-45)%, p=0,215], assim como os outros parâmetros dos espermatozóides (p>0,05). Em contraste, a mediana das formas normais de espermatozóides foi significantemente menor em pacientes com EA com varicocele versus aqueles sem varicocele [13,5 (2-27) vs. 22 (10-32,5)%, p=0,049]. Reforçando esse achado, não foi observada nenhuma diferença nesse parâmetro comparando pacientes com EA e controles sem varicocele (p=0,670). Além disso, outros fatores relevantes para a disfunção testicular (anticorpo anti-espermatozóide, hormônios, marcadores inflamatórios e escores da EA) foram comparáveis em pacientes com e sem varicocele (p>0,05). Conclusão: Nós identificamos uma freqüência alta de varicocele em pacientes com EA associada a anormalidades espermáticas, contudo sem associação com tratamento, anticorpos anti-espermatozóides, alterações hormonais ou parâmetros da doença. A exclusão desses fatores sugere que a varicocele pode ser a responsável pela disfunção testicular em pacientes com EA e não o processo da doença ou a autoimunidade. Investigação da varicocele deve ser sempre realizada em pacientes com EA e problemas de fertilidade / Objective: To assess reproductive function in male ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients in comparison to healthy controls. Methods: 20 AS patients were compared to 24 male healthy subjects in regard to demographic data, urologic examination, testicular ultrasound (US), semen analysis, anti-sperm antibodies and hormone profile. Exclusion criteria were present use of sulfasalazine or methotrexate, and ever use of biological/cytotoxic agents. Disease activity of AS was evaluated by clinical and laboratory assessments. Results: Demographic data were similar in AS and controls (p=0.175). Varicocele was significantly more frequently found in AS patients than in controls (40% vs. 8%, p=0.027). Semen analysis revealed no significant differences in sperm quality between AS patients and controls (p>0.05). In contrast, the median of normal sperm forms was significantly lower in AS patients with versus those without varicocele [13.5 (2-27) vs. 22 (10-32.5) %, p=0.049] whereas no difference in sperm morphology was observed comparing AS patients and controls without varicocele (p=0.670). Comparison of AS patients with and without varicocele showed that anti-sperm antibodies, hormones, inflammatory markers and disease activity scores did not contribute to the impaired sperm morphology observed in AS patients with varicocele. Conclusion: An increased frequency of varicocele was found in AS patients associated with sperm abnormalities, but independent of therapy, anti-sperm antibodies, hormonal alterations or disease parameters. The exclusion of these factors suggests that varicocele may underlie testicular dysfunction in AS patients and not the disease process or autoimmunity. Investigation for varicocele should be done in AS patients with fertility problems